Objectives: The objective of this study is to verify the association between sociodemographic, behavioral, psychosocial and biological factors with health risk behaviors and physical fitness components of adolescents from São José dos Pinhais. Methods: The probabilistic sample consisted of 772 adolescents, 366 boys and 406 girls aged 14.0 to 17.9 years, enrolled in the public-school system of São José dos Pinhais, PR. The health risk behaviors were divided into: i) sedentary behavior, estimated by the Youth Active Profile and Adolescents Sedentary Questionnaire in their respective versions valid for the Brazilian population, and ii) consumption of legal drugs and eating habits, as verified by the Brazilian version of Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The components of physical fitness and their respective assessment protocols were: i) cardiopulmonary fitness, estimated by the 20-meter back-and-forth test; ii) muscular fitness, estimated by the abdominal test in 60 seconds and ii) flexibility, evaluated by the sit and reach test. The prevalence’s of the outcomes and the possible associations with sociodemographic, behavioral, psychosocial and biological factors were verified by the chi-square and Poisson regression tests, respectively. Results: for the health risk behaviors, the female sex was positively associated to the high use of cellular (PR: 1.06; CI95%: 1.01 – 1.11) and screen time (PR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.26 - 1.72) and negatively with time in educational activities (PR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66 - 0.90), cultural (RP: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.85 - 0.97), social (RP: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.62 - 1.11) and transportation (RP: 0.92; 95% CI : 0.86 - 0.99). Low socioeconomic status was positively associated with sedentary transport time (PR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.28). Physical activity options are negatively associated with cultural activities (PR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83 - 0.98). Receive social support from parents and whenever associated negatively with cell phone use (PR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86 - 0.99) and positively with cell rate (PR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1, 09 - 1.55), respectively. The social support received from friends has always been positively associated with high cell phone use (PR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.17) and, when received, has been negatively associated with time in educational activities (RP: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.54) and social (RP: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.59). Intermediate self-efficacy was positively associated with time in educational (PR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.44) and social (RP: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.59) activities. High self-esteem was negatively associated with time in educational activities (PR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63 - 0.90). Age was positively associated with educational activities (PR: 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.01). Regarding licit drugs and eating habits, females were positively associated with alcohol consumption (PR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.16). Low socioeconomic status was negatively associated with alcohol consumption (PR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83 - 0.98) and positively associated with soft drink consumption (PR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1, 19). Sufficient level of physical activity was positively associated with fruit consumption (PR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.05). Social support from friends, when always received and sometimes was positively associated with alcohol consumption (“sometimes” RP: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.15 and “always” RP: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.14). High self-efficacy was positively associated with sedentary transport (PR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.11). Finally, for the components of physical fitness, female gender was negatively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (PR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.25 - 0.41), muscle strength and endurance (PR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.27 - 0.45) and aggregation and components of physical fitness (PR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.35 - 0.55). Sufficient level of physical activity was positively associated with muscle strength and endurance (PR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.40) and flexibility (PR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03 - 1, 40). Parental social support was associated with muscle strength and endurance (“sometimes” PR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.59 and “always” RP: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.12 - 1.78) and the physical fitness score (PR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.61). Social support from friends was positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (“sometimes” PR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.68 and “always” RP: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1, 68) and muscle strength and endurance (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.78). High self-esteem was negatively associated with flexibility (PR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72 - 0.98). Sexual maturation was positively associated with flexibility (PR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.04 - 1.42). Excess weight was negatively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (PR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57 - 0.96). Finally, age was negatively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (PR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.88 - 0.92) and positively associated with muscle strength and endurance (PR: 1.00; 95% CI: 1, 00 - 1.01). Conclusions: female gender is associated with sedentary behavior, alcohol consumption, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, and physical fitness score. And the social support of friends was associated with the use of cellular, educational, social, alcohol consumption, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength and endurance, these being the factors most associated with the study outcomes.