... In the case of electricity generation technologies, E p t , was obtained from scenarios in the literature (IEA, 2017). Meanwhile, E p t , at the time of using the vehicle was calculated using following assumptions from (Ashby, 2013;Moss et al., 2011Moss et al., , 2013a) Wind (onshore and offshore) (Ashby, 2013;Bödeker et al., 2010;Falconer, 2009;Fizaine and Court, 2015;García-Olivares et al., 2012;Guezuraga et al., 2012;Wenzel, 2016, 2014;Hoenderdaal et al., 2013;Kleijn and Van Der Voet, 2010;Lacal-Arantegui, 2015;Martínez et al., 2009;Mclellan et al., 2016;Moss et al., 2013b;Roelich et al., 2014;Teske et al., 2016;U.S. Department of Energy, 2011;VESTAS, 2006;Wilburn, 2011;World Bank Group, 2017;Zimmermann, 2013) Solar (c-Si, CIGS, CdTe) (Andersson and Jacobsson, 2000;Ashby, 2013;Berry, 2012;Bleiwas, 2010;Bödeker et al., 2010;Elshkaki and Graedel, 2013;Fizaine and Court, 2015;Fthenakis, 2012;Kavlak et al., 2015;Mclellan et al., 2016;Moss et al., 2013a;Stamp et al., 2014;Teske et al., 2016; The (Halada, 2007;Halada et al., 2001). ...