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APEDROS: ASISTENCIA A PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD MEDIANTE ROBOTS SOCIALES
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Assistive social robots, a particular type of assistive robotics designed for social interaction with humans, could play an important role with respect to the health and psycho-logical well-being of the elderly. Objectives Assistive social robots are believed to be useful in eldercare for two reasons, a functional one and an affective one. Such robots are developed to function as an interface for the elderly with digital technology, and to help increase the quality of life of the elderly by providing companionship, respectively. There is a growing attention for these devices in the literature. However, no comprehensive review has yet been performed to in-vestigate the effectiveness of such robots in the care of the elderly. Therefore, we systematically reviewed and analyzed existing literature on the effects of assistive social robots in health care for the elderly. We focused in particular on the com-panion function. Data Sources A systematic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Psy-cINFO, The Cochrane Library databases, IEEE, ACM libraries and finally Google Scholar was performed for records through December 2007 to identify articles of all studies with actual subjects aimed to assess the effects of assistive social robots on the elderly. This search was completed with information derived from personal expertise, contacts and reports. Study Selection and Data Extraction Since no randomized controlled trials (RCT)'s have been found within this field of research, all studies reporting effects of assistive robotics in elderly popula-tions were included. Information on study design, interventions, controls, and findings were extracted for each article. In medical journals only a few articles were found, whereas about 50 publications were found in literature on ICT and robotics. Data Synthesis The identified studies were all published after 2000 in-dicating the novelty of this area of research. Most of these publications contain the results of studies that report positive effects of assistive social robots on health and psychological well-being of elders. Solid evidence indicating that these ef-fects can indeed be attributed to the actual assistive social robot, its behavior and its functionality is scarce. Conclusions There is some qualitative evidence as well as limited quantitative evidence of the positive effects of assistive social robots with respect to the elderly. The research designs, however, are not robust enough to establish this. Confounding variables often cannot be excluded. This is partly due to the chosen research designs, but also because it is unclear what research methodology is adequate to investigate such effects. Therefore, more work on methods is needed as well as robust, large-scale studies to establish the effects of these devices. Assistive social robots in elderly care: a review G8(2)Review-Broekens-v4.indd 1 29-5-2009 10:52:03
. The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) is a 12-item outcome measure that assesses user satisfaction with two components, Device and Services. Psychometric properties have been tested with respect to test-retest stability. alternate-form equivalence. internal consistency, factorial composition and nomological validity. Examples of results obtained with the first version of the tool in outcome studies in Europe and North America support the importance and relevance of the satisfaction measure.
Hasta ahora la tecnología usada en los hogares se ha caracterizado por basarse en elementos estáticos, es decir, electrodomésticos tradicionales tales como lavavajillas, lavadoras, hornos, etc. fijos en un determinado lugar del entorno durante todo su periodo de funcionamiento. Recientemente se han añadido los entornos domóticos, que introducen control por computador de determinados servicios como luces, alarmas, climatización. En este artículo se presenta el siguiente paso en la introducción de nuevas tecnologías en una vivienda. El concepto fundamental es introducir “electrodomésticos móviles” en las casas, es decir, robots. El robot ASIBOT es un “electrodoméstico” móvil, diferente a los robots móviles tradicionales, que puede moverse a través de conectores situados en cualquier punto de la casa, desarrollando diferentes tareas cotidianas de asistencia a personas discapacitadas, como ayuda a comer, beber, aseo personal, manipulación de objetos, etc. Además, en este artículo se presentan los resultados de los ensayos clínicos efectuados con pacientes reales en la realización de AVDs (Actividades de la Vida Diaria) en el Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo. 12 págs, 9 figs. Este trabajo está financiado por el RoboticsLab, UC3M, España y el IMSERSO (Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales), España.
Beliefs, attitudes, and intentions are important factors in the adoption of computer technologies. While contemporary representations have focused on explaining the act of using computers, the role of learning to use the computer needs to be better understood within the overall adoption process. Inadequate learning can curtail the adoption and use of a potentially productive system. We introduce a new theoretical model, the theory of trying, in which computer learning is conceptualized as a goal determined by three attitude components: attitude toward success, attitude toward failure, and attitude toward the process of goal pursuit. Intentions to try and actual trying are the theoretical mechanisms linking these goal-directed attitudes to goal attainment. An empirical study is conducted to ascertain the construct validity and utility of the new theory within the context of the adoption of a word processing package. Specifically, we examine convergent validity, internal consistency reliability, stability, discriminant validity, criterion related validity, predictive validity, and nomological validity in a longitudinal field study of 107 users of the program. The new theory is compared to two models: the theory of reasoned action from the field of social psychology and the technology acceptance model, recently introduced in the management literature. Overall, the findings stress the importance of scrutinizing the goals of decision makers and their psychological reactions to these goals in the prediction of the adoption of computers. Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67175/2/10.1177_001872679204500702.pdf
The leader of the PC revolution predicts that the next hot field will be robotics
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ASIBOT: robot portátil de asistencia a discapacitados
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A. Jardón, R. Correal, S. Martínez, A. Giménez, C. Balaguer. ASIBOT: robot portátil de asistencia a discapacitados.