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Alcohol Consumption and Tobacco Smoking by South Asians in India and Britain.
... As previously investigated, mental health is often linked to excessive alcohol and tobacco use among marginalised communities in the diaspora (Cooper & Khan, 2007;Cooper, 2009 i & ii) including groups isolated in hugely populated countries (Cooper, 2010). In addition to the voluminous consumption of over-the counter codeine-containing cough syrup (an opioid used to treat mild to moderate pain and attenuate coughing), the scourge of crystal meth stains many suburbs in the country. ...
An invited research article exploring the incidence of crystal meth abuse and recommendations on tackling it. Its impact on society and health is included.
Cooper, R.G. 2023. Crystal meth in Zimbabwe – unemployment, stress & mental health linkages. The Dyke Journal 17(1): 1-6.
... If so, religious differences in patterns of CST use would exist because certain AI faiths (eg, Sikhism) have strict prohibitions on any form of tobacco use, whereas others, as mentioned earlier, are permissive or promote the use of particular products, even after migration. 11,22 ...
Background:
Asian Indians (AIs) in the United States exhibit disproportionate burdens of oral cancer and cardiovascular disease, which are potentially linked to smokeless tobacco. However, little is known about the use of cultural smokeless tobacco (CST) products in this population.
Methods:
California Asian Indian Tobacco Use Survey data from 2004 (n = 1618) were used to investigate CST prevalence among California's AIs. CST products included paan, paan masala, and gutka. A multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine factors (socioeconomic status, acculturation measures, and religious affiliation) associated with current CST use versus never use.
Results:
The current CST prevalence was 13.0% (14.0% for men and 11.8% for women). In contrast, the prevalence of current cigarette use was 5.5% (8.7% for men and 1.9% for women), and the prevalence was lower for cultural smoked tobacco (0.1% for bidis and 0.5% for hookahs). Factors associated with CST use included the following: being male, being 50 years old or older, being an immigrant, speaking an AI language at home, having a higher level of education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for high school/some college, 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-6.5; AOR for college degree or higher, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.7-9.5), having a higher income (AOR for 100,000, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.7; AOR for ≥$100,000, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-5.0), identifying as non-Sikh (AOR for Hinduism, 10.0; 95% CI, 6.0-16.5; AOR for other faiths, 10.2; 95% CI, 5.9-17.7), and disagreeing that spiritual beliefs are the foundation of life (AOR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.5).
Conclusions:
The current CST prevalence is relatively high among California's AIs in comparison with the prevalence of smoking, with narrower differences between sexes. The association with a higher socioeconomic status is contrary to typical cigarette smoking patterns. Acculturation and religious affiliation are important factors associated with current use. Health care providers and policymakers should consider such determinants for targeted interventions. Cancer 2018;124:1607-13. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
The study was premised on factors that influence secondary school students’ participation in drug and substance abuse activities. In this context for data generation, analysis, and discussion, was guided by a framework comprised of the phenomenology and qualitative approach. For this study thirty students and six class teachers from one secondary school in Zimbabwe were purposively and conveniently sampled as sources of information for the issue under investigation respectively. Document analysis, focus group discussion, and personal interview were employed to generate data, which was later analyzed according to emerging themes. From the study, it was revealed that secondary school students were abusing a variety of drugs, and substances such as ganja cakes, among others. It was also noted that students at the secondary school under investigation were driven into drug and substance abuse activities due to peer pressure among others. With the aim to mitigate prevalence of drug and substance abuse amongst the students at selected secondary schools, it was advocated that peer counseling, establishing rehabilitation centers, the introduction of stiff disciplinary measures, and awareness campaigns. Therefore, it can be concluded that secondary school students’ participation in drug and substance abuse, within the school premises was largely influenced by multiple factors. It is in this context that the researchers recommend that in selected secondary school coaching of students secondary school students, teachers, and parents/guardians on the execution of peer counseling strategy to ease off secondary school students' participation in anti-social demeanors needs be reinforced. Received: 15 November 2022 / Accepted: 29 December 2022 / Published: 5 January 2023
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