Article

Anatomy of Incident and Tactic Interventions: Dimensions, Design

January 1980

Authors:

In researching educational change, an analytical tool for analyzing and coding change process interventions has been produced. This paper describes the development of the coding system, the intervention assumptions underlying it, the dimensions and kinds of interventions, with illustrative examples of each, activities for clustering some interventions, and suggests implications of use of the schema by researchers, policy makers and practitioners. With this tool, conceptual and operational distinctions among interventions can be made. Researchers can analyze characteristics and types of interventions and compare their effects, and practicing change agents can more effectively structure interventions in a change effort. (Author)

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.

Article

The Validity of Performance Standards

July 1994

Michael Kane

A general framework is provided for examining the validity of performance standards for high-stakes achievement tests. The emphasis is on conceptual issues and broadly defined methodological questions, the types of validity evidence that can be collected, and the advantages and limitations of different types of evidence. Validation consists of a demonstration that the proposed passing score can ... [Show full abstract] be interpreted as representing the level of achievement specified in the proposed performance standard. The performance standard is the conceptual version of the desired level of competence, and the passing score is the operational version of the desired level of competence. The analysis addresses the question of the arbitrariness of the passing score by identifying two assumptions that are involved in adopting a passing score. The first is that it corresponds to a specified performance standard, and the second is that the specified standard is appropriate. Support for the first, descriptive, assumption is to be derived mainly from procedural evidence and internal validity checks. Support for the policy assumption is to be derived mainly from procedural evidence and external validity checks. Even if all available checks on the validity of the standard are implemented, the best that can be done is to show that the proposed standard is reasonable or acceptable. (Contains 79 references.) (SLD)

Article

Writing Ownership in the Process of Learning to Write.

January 1982

Richard E. Buddemeier

A research project designed to determine what is important to a freshman college student in writing and learning to write is described in this paper. The first section of the paper provides background information for the project, which involved collaboration between the researcher and a student. The second section describes data gathering procedures, which included interviews with students in a ... [Show full abstract] basic English class and class observations. The third section includes extensive tables of data and discussions of data analysis, while the fourth discusses the findings in the areas of defining writing ownership, ownership in the beginning writing student, and the consequences of claiming writing ownership. The final section reviews additional findings and examines the implications of the project findings for writing instruction. (FL)

Article

Full-text available

Unpacking Attrition: A Change of Emphasis

January 1992 · Canadian Journal of Higher Education

June Corman

Conceptual, methodological, and ideological issues in college student attrition in the United States and Canada are discussed; and policy implications of attrition research are examined. It is argued that research in the United States has focused on those who have already demonstrated capacity for success, but greater emphasis on equality of opportunity is needed. (Author/MSE)

Article

The Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP): An Ongoing National Study of Higher Education...

January 1981

Alexander W. Astin

The Cooperative Institutional Research Program, the largest ongoing study of higher education in the United States, is discussed in terms of its conceptual framework, technical aspects of data collection, and uses of the data in research and national policymaking. (Author/MSE)

Article

Aging and caregiving: Theory, research, and policy. Sage focus editions, Vol. 110.

January 1970

This volume focuses on a particular population group for whom family caregiving is an extremely important issue—the elderly Part I, "Theory, Conceptual Framework, and Methodology," presents a series of four chapters. The first two look at the state of current knowledge and research approaches and identify gaps in theory and methodological shortcomings of current research. These chapters are ... [Show full abstract] followed by two chapters which suggest new paradigms and theoretical approaches which can broaden our understanding of caregiving and provide direction for future developments. Part 2, "Research—Cognitive and Physical Impairment," not only presents new data on caregiving, but also represents studies which are responsive to the earlier critical reviews of theory and of research methodology and provide examples of a new wave of research efforts. Part 3 of the book, "Public Policy Perspectives," is not intended to represent a comprehensive analysis of public policy. Rather, it is an attempt to identify a limited set of issues which we think should be added to the general debate on public policy for the elderly and to provide insights which could enrich that debate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Article

Conceptualizing Service-Learning Research Using Ken Wilber's Integral Framework

January 2000

Alexander W. Astin

Examines the design of service learning research using psychologist-philosopher Ken Wilber's fourfold scheme. By interfacing Wilber's two dichotomies (interior versus exterior and individual versus group), researchers can access a comprehensive framework for conceptualizing the full range of service learning outcomes to study. Wilber's framework can be useful in studies investigating effective ... [Show full abstract] strategies for increasing faculty involvement in service learning. (SM)

Article

Triangulating data

January 1970

This accessible introduction to key concepts, methods and issues in social gerontological research presents a unique view of the research process by focusing on the relationships between conceptual definition and research methodology and between research, policy and practice. At a theoretical level, the text draws on the core gerontological concepts of age, dependency, social support and quality ... [Show full abstract] of life to illustrate their complexity, and the difficulties of measurement. On a practical level, the contributors present a number of methodological approaches which have been particularly useful in social gerontological research. Finally, they consider three critical issues: whether old people require special ethical consideration; the prospects for funding; and the importance of disseminating research effectively. Researching Social Gerontology has been specially commissioned by the British Society for Gerontology to outline current thinking in conceptual and methodological development, and the context in which gerontological research is being carried out. As such it will prove stimulating and useful for researchers at all levels, practitioners, policy-makers and those with a more general interest in the ageing process

Article

A Commentary on Research that Serves Teacher Education

May 2002 · Journal of Teacher Education

Gary D. Fenstermacher

Addresses tensions over what kind of research best serves teacher education, showing how formal conceptions of large scale social science research might be compatibly situated within a larger frame of research that also recognizes certain varieties of interpretive and narrative research and arguing that the policy making enterprise may justifiably delimit the kinds of research appropriate to its ... [Show full abstract] interests. (SM)

Article

Full-text available

A Stage Model of Social Media Adoption

October 2016 · Journal of Advances in Management Sciences & Information Systems

There is very little understanding of how organisations manage social media. In particular, there is no established path of activities that guide a company down the path of social readiness, and the management and organisation of social media is under-researched. Consequently, many organisations experience significant problems with their social media business profiles (SMBP). Stage of growth ... [Show full abstract] (SoG) models represent a picture of evolution, where the current stage can be understood in terms of history and future, providing an opportunity to identify the stages, paths of evolution, benchmark variables, and dominant problems experienced by organisations at each stage. Following a review of four decades (1974-2014) of SoG model research, and a review of existing social media research and practitioner insight across multiple domains, the authors adopt Gottschalk and Solli-Saether’s (2010) [1] five step Stage Modelling Process as a research methodology to develop a stage model of SMBP implementation and management. The paper analyses the findings from Step 1 (Suggested Stage Model) and Step 2 (Conceptual Stage Model) of the Stage Modelling Process, before concluding with the key findings. This research contributes to academia by enhancing the existing four decades of knowledge of SoG models, extending it to the management of social media in an organisational context. This research is also a critical piece of research from a practitioner perspective, as organisations struggle to devise tactics and strategies to manage social media adoption and use.

Article

The Personal Interview: A Tool for Investigating and Understanding Change in Schools

April 1980

William L. Rutherford

Focusing on the use of the interview in the Procedures for Adopting Educational Innovations (PAEI) Project, this paper reports on the appropriateness of the interview as a research tool in change research and the types of information appropriate to its use. In this project, interviews are used to identify what an individual is doing, has done, or plans to do regarding an innovation. Interviews ... [Show full abstract] have been used to determine levels of use (LOU) of the innovation (whether and how the innovation is being used). Results of testing with three different raters demonstrated that reliability of these self-reports is high. Correlation of interview results with ethnographic observations also resulted in a high correlation. In the PAEI Project, interviews also are important for measuring configurations (variations or modification) of an innovation. Because users will be reporting unique ways of using the innovation, the combination of a focused and open-ended interview is necessary. In order to determine which interventions have influenced the successful adoption of an innovation, an additional interview technique that combines the open-ended and the focused interview is being developed. PAEI researchers have concluded that the interview is a valuable research tool that can be an effective means of collecting needed data. (Author/JM)

Article

What Is this A Case of? Exploring Some Conceptual Issues in Case Study Research

November 1987 · Education and Urban Society

Follows the development of the conceptual boundaries used in defining a case study through the stages of a research project about the development of teacher knowledge. Compares the process with the Hermeneutical Circle. (FMW)

Article

Conceptual, Methodological, and Technological Advances in Classroom Observational Assessment

January 1995 · Diagnostique

Charles R. Greenwood

This paper discusses developments in special education classroom observational assessment. Conceptual advances include increased focus on assessment with practical value for teaching and benefits gained from merging classroom instructional factors with behavior. Methodological advances include development of ecobehavioral observation protocols and improved analytical strategies. Technological ... [Show full abstract] advances include portable computers and observational instrumentation software. (DB)