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Abstract

Typification of the 13 validly published, pre-1958 names of Helichrysum taxa based on Sicilian material is reassessed. Five of the types designated by Galbany-Casals & al. in their recent studies are confirmed (in some cases with additional precision), two neotypes proposed by them are superseded by lectotypes, and six lectotypes are newly designated. The correct name of the species known as H. rupestre, an illegitimate name, is H. panormitanum (or, if taken in a wide sense, H. pendulum).
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Aghababyan & al. • Typification of Sicilian HelichrysumTA XO N 56 (4) • November 2007: 1285–1288
INTRODUCTION
As a forerunner to their recent taxonomic revision
and nomenclatural conspectus of Mediterranean Heli-
chrysum sect. Stoechadina (Galbany-Casals & al., 2006a,
b), Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c) typified a number of
relevant names. In some cases, their conclusions differ
from those we had reached in the context of our current
project on the typification of names of Sicilian taxa of
Compositae. Furthermore, some names relevant in our
context either remained untypified or were omitted alto-
gether from their accounts. The following note is offered
to comment, correct and complement their Sicilian type
designations. To the best of our knowledge, it takes into
account all validly published names based on Sicilian
material that pertain to the genus Helichrysum, except
those which, having been published later than 1957, are
holotypified. Our list does not include Helichrysum scan-
dens Guss. (Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 465. 1844), said by Galbany-
Casals & al. (2006b: 64) to have been described from
“Cassaro, e Ferla” in Sicily, because its lectotype must
be a specimen of a Sieber gathering from “Chalepha”
[Halepa] in West Crete, which, being cited in the proto-
logue, has syntype status (Arts. 9.4 & 9.10 of the ICBN,
McNeill & al., 2006).
TYPIFICATION
Gnaphalium cespitosum C. Presl in Presl & Presl, Delic.
Prag.: 98. 1822 (non Lam., Encycl. 2: 742. 1788)
Gnaphalium siculum Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 476. 1826
Helichrysum elegans C. Presl, Fl. Sicul.: xxix. 1826
[non G. Don 1825] Helichrysum cespitosum DC.,
Prod r. 6: 182. 1838, nom illeg. Helichrysum sicu-
lum (Spreng.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 229. 1875 [non
Jord. & Fourr. 1868] [= Helichrysum stoechas subsp.
barrelieri (Ten.) Nyman] – Lectotype (designated
here): “Helichrysum elegans Presl, Gnaphalium el-
egans [sic!] Presl. Habitat: Pascua siccissima montis
la Nivera ad S. Martinum prope Panormum. Floruit
Junio 1817, leg. Presl ” (PR, photo!) [handwritten
data are all by Čelakovský; original label not pre-
served].
Not in Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c), not typified by
Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a, b).
No original material could be traced in PRC (J.
Stepánek, pers. comm.). In PR, the second likely loca-
tion of Presl specimens, a single sheet exists, searched
out for us by O.
Š
ida who most helpfully provided colour
photographs at various scales. The traditional interpreta-
tion of Presl’s name is thereby confirmed.
The nomenclature of the East Mediterranean repre-
sentative of the Helichrysum stoechas complex, treated
as a separate species by many, as a mere synonym of H.
stoechas (L.) Moench by Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a, b)
and as a subspecies by us, has been unravelled by Greuter
& Rechinger (1967). Our present nomenclatural assess-
ment of the names involved agrees with the synonymy
given there. An additional example in the Vienna Code
(Art. 7 Ex. 5) confirms that H. cespitosum DC., based on
the illegitimate Gnaphalium cespitosum C. Presl and itself
illegitimate because Gnaphalium
siculum
Spreng. 1826
is cited in synonymy, does not have the same type as the
latter because Candolle’s use of the epithet cespitosum is
equivalent to definite indication of a different type. H.
cespitosum DC., although illegitimate, takes precedence
over its coetaneous homonym H. cespitosum (Lam.) DC.
(Prodr. 6: 173. 1838), as Buek (1840) retained it while
Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum (Compositae) revisited
Mariam Aghababyan1, Werner Greuter2, Pietro Mazzola1 & Francesco Maria Raimondo1
1 Dipartimento di Scienze Botaniche dell’Università, via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
m_agababian@hotmail.com (author for correspondence)
2 Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-
Str. 6– 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Typification of the 13 validly published, pre-1958 names of Helichrysum taxa based on Sicilian material is
reassessed. Five of the types designated by Galbany-Casals & al. in their recent studies are confirmed (in
some cases with additional precision), two neotypes proposed by them are superseded by lectotypes, and six
lectotypes are newly designated. The correct name of the species known as H. rupestre, an illegitimate name,
is H. panormitanum (or, if taken in a wide sense, H. pendulum).
KEYWORDS: Gnaphalium, Helichrysum, nomenclature, Sicily, typification
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TA XO N 56 (4) • November 2007: 1285–1288Aghababyan & al. • Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum
renaming the latter H. barbellatum H. Buek (see ICBN
Art. 53.6).
Gnaphalium pendulum C. Presl in Presl & Presl, Delic.
Prag.: 97. 1822 Helichrysum pendulum (C. Presl)
C. Presl, Fl. Sicul.: xxix. 1826 – Lectotype (designated
here): “Helichrysum pendulum Pr., Gnaphalium pen-
dulum Pr. del. Pendulum in praeruptis mont. Scalune
Nebrodum. ђ Jul. 1817” [original label in Presl’s own
handwriting] (PR 616046, photo!).
Not in Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c), not typified by
Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a, b).
No original material could be traced in PRC (J.
Stepánek, pers. comm.). In PR, three sheets exist of what
appears to be a single gathering, of which O.
Š
ida provided
excellent colour photographs at various scales. One speci-
men (sheet PR 616045) is from the Sternberg herbarium
and lacks an original label. The two other sheets were
separated upon being mounted and had a single label with
them (sheet PR 616047 has a photocopy of that same la-
bel).
Gnaphalium rupestre Raf., Précis Découv. Somiol.: 41.
1814 (non Pourr. in Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci.
Toulouse 3: 320. 1788) Helichrysum rupestre DC.,
Prod r. 6: 182. 1838, nom. illeg. [= Helichrysum pan-
ormitanum Guss.] – Neotype (designated by Gal-
bany-Casals & al. in Taxon 55: 492. 2006): Palermo,
in rupibus calcareis, V, Todaro 551 (PAL No. 8720;
isoneotypes: FI, K, P, PH No. 1029697).
Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c: 492) correctly state that
Rafinesque’s name is an illegitimate later homonym of
Gnaphalium rupestre Pourr. (a synonym of Helichrysum
stoechas (L.) Moench). They nevertheless accepted H.
rupestre DC., apparently overlooking the fact that Can-
dolle cited G. pendulum C. Presl in synonymy, the epi-
thet of which he should have adopted. H. rupestre DC.
is, therefore, illegitimate, even though still typified by
the type of G. rupestre Raf. (see the preceding comments
under G. cespitosum).
Helichrysum panormitanum is treated by Galbany-
Casals & al. (2006a, b) as a synonym of the widely defined
species they call H. rupestre (and shou ld instead have
named H. pendulum); pending further study of that com-
plex, we prefer to maintain the two entities, and several
non-Sicilian ones similarly merged by Galbany-Casals &
al. (2006a, b), as distinct if closely related species.
Helichrysum cespitosum var. longifolium Guss., Fl. Sicul.
Syn. 2: 468. 1844 [=Helichrysum stoechas subsp.
barrelieri (Ten.) Nyman] – Lectotype (designated
here): specimen bearing three labels: “Giugno, Pal-
agonia”, “Palagonia”, and “7c. Helichrysum caespi-
tosum c. longifolium Guss. syn. 2 p. 468, Junio, Julio
ђ, in collibus calcareis vel vulcanicis apricis.” [manu
Gussone], herb. siculum Gussonei (NAP). Mounted
together, on the same sheet, with a different specimen,
labelled “Tineo, Nº 4” by Gussone.
Not in Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a, c), not typified
by Galbany-Casals & al. (2006b).
Helichrysum errerae Tineo, Pl. Rar. Sicil. 2: 27. 1846
– Lectotype (designated here): “Helichrysum Errerae
Tin., Pantellaria” [manu Tineo], herb. siculum Gus-
sonei (NAP), superseding the neotype proposed by
Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c: 494).
Galbany-Casals & al. (l.c.) commented that no origi-
nal material of Tineo is extant at either PAL or FI. There
are, however, three specimens in Gussone’s Sicilian her-
barium (kept in NAP as a separate collection) that must
be considered for lectotypification purposes. They are in
all probability duplicates of the same gathering, made by
the physician Alfonso Errera on the island of Pantelleria
and sent by him to Tineo. The first, here designated as
lectotype, has a label in the handwriting of Vincenzo
Tineo, the author of the name. The second is labelled,
in Gussone’s handwriting, “Helichrysum Errerae Tin.,
Pantelleria a Zineddi dietro l’isola, Tin.”, which cor re-
sponds almost literally with the locality statement in
Tineo’s protologue. The third lacks an original label, but
has a label transcript in the hand of Grande and dated
1916, reading “Elichrysum Errerae Tin.!!, Loc. Pantel-
leria, legit Tineo!”.
Helichrysum nebrodense Heldr. in Ann. Accad. As-
piranti Naturalisti Napoli 1: 286. 1843 – Lectotype
(designated here):Helichrysum nebrodense ? Nob.
inedit., in rupibus calcareis prope Isnello, 12 Jun.
184 0. Theod. de Heldreich” [manu Heldreich], herb.
siculum Gussonei (NAP), superseding the neotype
proposed by Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c: 496).
Galbany-Casals & al. (l.c.) include NAP among the
herbaria in which no original Heldreich material could
be traced. They were misinformed. Details on Held-
reich’s Sicilian journey in 1840–1841, which explain why
Gussone’s herbarium is a likely place for specimens then
collecte d to be fou nd, will be published separately by one
of us (P. Mazzola, in prep.).
Helichrysum panormitanum Gu ss., Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 467.
184 4 Helichrysum panormitanum var. angustifo-
lium Guss., Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 467. 1844 (homotypic
by type designation) – Lectotype (Galbany-Casals &
al., 2006b: 70, as “holotype”; again designated here):
Gnaphalium panormitanum Nob., In rupibus cal-
careis prope Panormum, scala di Maseddu” [manu
Tineo], “Tineo” [manu Gussone], herb. siculum Gus-
sonei (NAP).
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Aghababyan & al. • Typification of Sicilian HelichrysumTA XO N 56 (4) • November 2007: 1285–1288
Galbany-Casals & al. (2006b: 70) cited the above
specimen as “holotype”. Gussone in the protologue rec-
ognised two named varieties in his new species, and al-
though from the context it is plausible to infer that he
considered the first of them, var. angustifolium, as typical,
he did not make this explicit. Whereas we agree that the
above “holotype” specimen is the appropriate choice, we
prefer to consider it as lectotype. Under the Saint Louis
Code it was debatable whether or not a “holotype” state-
ment, even if published after 2000, was still acceptable
as equivalent to effective lectotype designation (as we
believe it should). In the Vienna Code, an additional clari-
fication (Art. 9 Note 4) tilts the balance the other way. We
hope that a future Congress may restore the unconditional
precedence of Art. 9.8 over 9.21, so as not to encourage
authors to designate lectotypes which are probably holo-
types, or resort to the nonsensical statement “holotype,
designated here”.
Helichrysum panormitanum var. latifolium Guss., Fl.
Sicul. Syn. 2: 467. 1844 [= Helichrysum panormi-
tanum Guss.].
The lectotype designation by Galbany-Casals & al.
(2006c: 497) reads: “Bagheria a Capo Zafferano, 1916,
Grande s.n. (NAP)”. It seems curious at first sight that a
specimen collected in 1916 should be original material for
a name published in 1844. Nevertheless the designation
stands, but must be amended to read: “Elichrysum panor-
mitanum Tin. b. latifolium Guss.!! [scripsit] Grande, 1916”;
“Maggio, Bagheria a Capo Zafferano” [manu Gussone],
[Gussone], herb. siculum Gussonei (NAP).
Helichrysum pendulum var. compactum Guss., Fl. Sicul.
Syn. 2: 467. 1844 [= Helichrysum pendulum (C.
Presl) C. Presl] – Lectotype (designated here): speci-
men bearing two labels: “Luglio, Madonie”, and “6b.
Helichrysum pendulum b. compactum Supl. syn. 2
p. 467, Junio, Julio ђ, in rupibus calcareis montosis.”
[manu Gussone], herb. siculum Gussonei (NAP).
Not in Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a, b), not typified
by Galbany-Casals & al. (2006c).
Helichrysum porcarii Tineo ex Lojac. in Natural. Sicil.
2: 182. 1883 [= Helichrysum pendulum (C. Presl) C.
Presl] – Lectotype (designated here): “Helichrysum
porcari Tin., Agosto, Madonie, Salto della Botte,
Porcari ” [manu Porcari], herb. siculum Gussonei
(NAP).
Not in Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a–c).
Note: Described by Lojacono under the heading
“Species dubiae”. We consider this placement as an ex-
pression of taxonomic doubt that does not affect the valid
publication of the name. Lojacono’s locality, “Madonie
al Passo della Botte”, is the same as on our specimen.
Lojacono adds a concrete specimen citation, “Tin. ined.
in Herb. H. Reg. Bot. Pan., but no such specimen is
present nowadays in the historical herbarium in PAL.
We consider our lectotype specimen to be a duplicate of
the lost holotype.
Helichrysum siculum Jord. & Fourr., Brev. Pl. Nov. 2: 67.
1868 Helichrysum italicum subsp. siculum (Jord.
& Fourr.) Galbany & al. in Canad. J. Bot. 84: 1225.
2006 – Lectotype (designated by Galbany-Casals &
al., in Canad. J. Bot. 84: 1225. 2006: Sicily, Gussone
ex herb. Al. Jordan 187 (LY; isolectotype: MPU).
Helichrysum stramineum Guss., Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 467.
184 4 [= Helichrysum panormitanum Guss.] – Lec-
totype (designated by Galbany-Casals & al., in Taxon
55: 499. 2006): Sferracavallo, Tineo, [herb. siculum
Gussonei] (NAP).
The Sicilian herbarium of Gussone is kept in NAP as
a separate, closed collection.
Helichrysum wickstromii Tineo ex Lojac. in Natural. Sicil.
2: 182. 1883 [= Helichrysum pendulum (C. Presl)
C. Presl] – Lectotype (designated here): “Giugno 49,
Elichrysum Wickströmii Tin. ined., Pizzuta” [manu
Tineo], herb. siculum Gussonei (NAP).
Not in Galbany-Casals & al. (2006a, c), treated as
an unpublished label name by Galbany-Casals & al.
(2006b).
As is the case with Helichrysum porcarii (q.v.), H.
wickstromii was placed under “Species dubiae” by Lo-
jacono. It was described from “Pizzuta” with an added
specimen citation “Tin. ined. l.c.” [i.e., Herb. H. Reg. Bot.
Pan.], but again, no such specimen is present nowad ays in
the historical herbarium in PAL. The lectotype designated
here is most likely a duplicate of the lost holotype, as
is a second sheet, also in Gussone’s Sicilian herbarium,
which lacks an original label but bears a label copy signed
“Grande, 1916”, with the text “Helichrysum pendulum
Presl!, loc. Pizzuta, legit Tineo”.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank Dr Galbany-Casals for kindly providing digital
photographs of several original specimens, including those she
de signa ted as lect o- or n eot ypes . Dr O. Šíd a an d Dr J. Štěpánek
went out of their way to search for Presl types in their respective
herbaria in Prague. Dr Paolo Caputo monitored and assisted our
search of the Sicilian herbarium of Gussone at Naples. Professor
John McNeill devoted his experience and energy to the discus-
sion of tricky nomenclatural questions and skilfully revised the
present manuscript.
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TA XO N 56 (4) • November 2007: 1285–1288Aghababyan & al. • Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum
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Nauck, Berlin.
Galbany-Casals, M., Sáez, Ll. & Benedí, C. 2006a. A taxo-
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Galbany-Casals, M., Sáez, Ll. & Benedí, C. 2006b. Conspec-
tus of Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina (DC.) Gren. & Godr.
(Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae). Orsis 21: 59–81.
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... A different and updated taxonomy of the genus in Sicily was recently provided by Giardina et al. (2007) on the basis of studies by Galbany-Casals et al. (2006a,b) and by Aghababyan et al. (2007). A cytogenetic analysis of Sicilian Helichrysum revealed that all taxa studied have the same number of chromosomes (2n ¼ 28) (D'Amato 1971;Brullo et al. 1978Brullo et al. , 1979. ...
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Some taxa of Sicilian Helichrysum related to sect. Stoeachadina have an uncertain systematic position; moreover, they are rare and endangered. In order to preserve these taxa in a genebank, a strategy to keep their genetic variation as high as possible is required. The high informative content of AFLP markers was used to assess genetic variations within and between populations and their relationships. The results show that all populations are genetically similar, even though there are two distinct groups: the first is the population referred to H. pendulum, and the second is represented by other populations belonging to several different specific and intraspecific taxa. The H. pendulum population is homogeneous, and characterised by the lowest genetic variation among all the populations considered. The second group shows a greater variation as evidenced by the presence of three subgroups: (i) populations referred to H. panormitanum var. panormitanum and H. panormitanum var. stramineum, (ii) populations referred to H. errerae var. errerae and H. errerae var. messerii, (iii) a population referred to H. hyblaeum, which, despite morphological and chorological differences, is similar to the other populations of the second group from a genetic stand point. Each population of the above-mentioned taxa has local fragment markers whose frequency is useful to determine how many plants should be sampled in order to collect the seeds necessary to preserve the population's genetic diversity in a genebank.
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As a part of a research study on the systematics of the genus Helichrysum in the Mediterranean and Irano-turanian area, 53 new typifications of names in Gnaphalium and Helichrysum belonging to taxa in Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina, H. sect. Helichrysum and H. sect. Virginea are presented, along with some additional comments on the nomenclature of the names involved and on the taxonomy of the taxa to which they apply. Twenty-three previously published typifications of names of taxa belonging to these sections are also listed and, in some cases, commented upon. The accepted taxa of Helichrysum for which we propose typification of accepted names or synonyms, or upon which we make comments, are, alphabetically: H. angustifolium (Lam.) DC., H. arenarium (L.) Moench, H. arenarium subsp. aucheri (Boiss.) P. H. Davis & Kupicha, H. armenium DC., H. crassifolium (L.) D. Don, H. doerfleri Rech. f., H. errerae Tineo, H. graveolens (M. Bieb.) Sweet, H. italicum (Roth) G. Don, H. italicum subsp. microphyllum (Willd.) Nyman, H. orientale (L.) Gaertn., H. pallasii (Spreng.) Ledeb., H. pamphylicum P. H. Davis & Kupicha, H. picardii Boiss., H. plicatum DC., H. pygmaeum Post, H. rupestre DC., H. sanguineum (L.) Kostel., H. sibthorpii Rouy, H. stoechas (L.) Moench, H. taenari Rothm. and H. virgineum DC.
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Es presenta un conspectus de Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina (DC.) Gren. and Godr. Es reconeixen vuit espècies i cinc subespècies. Per cada taxó acceptat es relacionen tots el sinònims trobats a la bibliografia, a partir de l’estudi dels protòlegs, el material tipus i els nombrosos exemplars d’herbari que comprenen tota l’àrea de distribució i la variabilitat de cada espècie. S’aporten notes sobre l’àrea de distribució. Quatre noms han estat lectotipificats y es presenten també referencies sobre lectotipificacions prèvies.
Article
Es presenta un conspectus de Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina (DC.) Gren. & Godr. Es reconeixen vuit espècies i cinc subespècies. Per cada taxó acceptat es relacionen tots el sinònims trobats a la bibliografia, a partir de l'estudi dels protòlegs, el material tipus i els nombrosos exemplars d'herbari que comprenen tota l'àrea de distribució i la variabilitat de cada espècie. S'aporten notes sobre l'àrea de distribució. Quatre noms han estat lectotipificats y es presenten també referencies sobre lectotipificacions prèvies. A conspectus of Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina (DC.) Gren. & Godr. is provided. Eight species and five subspecies are recognized. For each accepted taxa all synonyms found in the literature are listed, based on the study of the protologues, the type material, and numerous herbarium specimens comprising the whole distribution area and the variability of each species. Notes on the distribution area are provided. Four names are lectotypified, and references to previous lecotypifications are also presented.
@BULLET Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum LITERATURE CITED
  • Aghababyan
Aghababyan & al. @BULLET Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum LITERATURE CITED
  • M Galbany-Casals
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Galbany-Casals, M., Sáez, Ll., Benedí, C. & Jarvis, C.E. 2006c. Typification of names in Gnaphalium L. and Heli chrysum Mill. (Asteraceae), and some taxonomic notes. Taxon 55: 489–501.
Conspectus of Helichrysum sect
  • M Galbany-Casals
  • Ll Sáez
  • C Benedí
Galbany-Casals, M., Sáez, Ll. & Benedí, C. 2006b. Conspectus of Helichrysum sect. Stoechadina (DC.) Gren. & Godr. (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae). Orsis 21: 59-81.
Genera, species et synonyma Candolleana alphabetico ordine disposita, seu index generalis et specialis ad A. P. Decandolle Prodromum systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, pars 2 (continens tomos operis Candolleani quintum, sextum et sectionem priorem septimi)
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Buek, H.W. 1840. Genera, species et synonyma Candolleana alphabetico ordine disposita, seu index generalis et specialis ad A. P. Decandolle Prodromum systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, pars 2 (continens tomos operis Candolleani quintum, sextum et sectionem priorem septimi). Nauck, Berlin.
Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum LITERATURE CITED
  • Aghababyan
Aghababyan & al. • Typification of Sicilian Helichrysum LITERATURE CITED