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Abstract
This article proposes that changing technology influences journalism in at least four broad areas: (1) how journalists do their work; (2) the content of news; (3) the structure or organization of the newsroom; and (4) the relationships between or among news organizations, journalists and their many publics. Although new media such as the Internet, World Wide Web and digital video are perhaps the most visible examples of technologies that are transforming journalism, the history of journalism is in many ways defined by technological change. The article concludes with a proposed research agenda for the study of journalism and technological change.
... In recent decades, technology has influenced journalism as a process and as a product (Cools and Diakopoulos 2023;Pavlik 2000). For example, the rise of the Internet in the 1990s has caused news organizations' revenue models to be reevaluated, forcing newsrooms to innovate (Paulussen 2016). ...
... In addition, rampant digitization and the rise of social media platforms have dramatically changed news consumer behavior. Journalism has always been prone to technologies and digitization, but recent developments in AI have proved that algorithms have never been more able to sift and analyze considerable amounts of data (Pavlik 2000;Schapals and Porlezza 2020;Wu, Tandoc, and Salmon 2019). These tools have never been that prominent in the journalistic value chain, and they are working 24/7, making them peripheral workers in the news ecosystem that could augment, automate, and transform work processes . ...
... Although AI technologies are more advanced than the earlier digitization software in newsrooms, the way technology changes journalism at its core has remained relatively the same. As Pavlik (2000) proved in his pioneering study on why journalism has always been shaped by technology, the specific influence boils down to (1) the way they work; (2) the specific nature of its content; (3) the structure of the news organization and (4) the relationship between news outlets, its workers, and its audiences (229). In 2024, data-driven technologies and generative AI tools will be utilized by newsrooms across the entire news reporting process, from the gathering over the production to the distribution of news . ...
... As emerging technologies have always influenced journalism (Pavlik 2000), this study seeks to advance a deeper understanding of the use of generative AI in newsrooms in a couple ways. First, given the relative newness of generative AI, there has not yet been substantial focus on the mapping of the current uses of generative AI in a qualitative way. ...
... At the same time, news consumer behavior has drastically changed as people increasingly seek tailored information experiences that align with their individual preferences and interests (Beckett and Yaseen 2023). Scholars have shown that journalism has always been prone to technologies and digitization, but recent developments in (generative) AI have demonstrated that algorithms are able to sift and analyze considerable amounts of data which unleash additional value in news production (Pavlik 2000;Schapals and Porlezza 2020;Wu, Tandoc, and Salmon 2019). ...
... Although (generative) AI-technologies are likely more advanced than earlier waves of digitization in newsrooms, the way technology influences or changes journalism in its core has remained more or less the same (Cools 2022). As Pavlik (2000) showed in his pioneering study on why journalism has long been shaped by technology, the specific influence boils down to (1) the way journalists work; (2) the specific nature of the content; (3) the structure of the news organization and the relationship between news outlets, its workers, and its audiences (229). In 2023, data-driven technologies and tools are already being utilized by newsrooms across the entire news reporting process, from gathering and production, to the distribution of news (Cools 2022). ...
This study delves into journalists' perspectives on the perils and possibilities of using generative AI-tools like ChatGPT, Bard, and DALL-E in the newsroom. Semi-structured interviews with journalists from The Netherlands, and Denmark, who self-identify as early adopters of generative AI-tools, were conducted. Results reveal 16 different specific uses of generative-AI tools across the news reporting process, mostly situated in the news production and distribution phase. The rationale for specific uses (or non-uses) of generative AI were grounded in journalistic intuitions and gut feeling. While journalists appreciate the advantages of these tools, such as improved efficiency and data handling capabilities, respondents also voice concerns about the potential for harm to journalism's accuracy and credibility, as well as ethical considerations like algorithmic bias. The study further emphasizes the necessity of providing journalists with sufficient education and algorithmic literacy in using generative AI tools, as well as the significance of ongoing monitoring and assessment to guarantee their ethical and responsible usage in journalism.
... Drone journalism (Papadopoulou & maniou, 2021;Pavlik, 2000) Drone news content uses augmented reality, mixed reality, and virtual reality journalism. it has several applications and generates unique and immersive news content using sensors, audio, video geo-tagged content, 360-degree video, and 3D audio files. 7 network journalism (Heinrich, 2010;(Papadopoulou & maniou, 2021) network journalism involves online journalism that creates relationships between the public and news organizations. ...
... Several media researchers have discussed new media (romero-rodríguez et al., 2022) and new technology embraced by the news industry. technology has led to the precedence of high-speed news flow, increased efficiency, factual reports, and distribution overpowering (Pavlik, 2000), indicates the quest for new business models (Spyridou et al., 2013), empowers journalists to do their jobs better (Metykova, 2008;Spyridou et al., 2013), the editorial side favors a try -and -see approach (Kleis Nielsen & Ganter, 2017), enhances the use of data in its creation, publishing, and visualization in the news media (wu et al., 2019). Moreover, visualization software heightens the interactivity and engagement among the audience (Felle, 2015), covers news beats cost-effectively, and generates news in text and video format using automation (thurman et al., 2017). ...
... likewise, dörr and Hollnbuchner (2016) have raised issues with algorithms used in news production, data transparency, and journalism ethics. as Pavlik (2000) sums up, technology adoption has impacted journalism and is positively associated with companies and the public. Still, there are specific concerns in this digital era. ...
The diverse forms of journalism adopted in the newsroom have redefined the news media landscape. This systematic review paper reviews fifty journal articles (2000 and 2021), including some of the new forms of journalism: data and network journalism, automated and virtual reality journalism, and augmented reality journalism. This paper fills the research gap by offering insights into these new forms of journalism cumulatively, contrary to the existing literature that discusses single forms. The findings reveal a shift in mainstream news media from traditional reporting methods. The adoption of new forms is part of the survival strategy in this competitive media market.
... While these new communication patterns have impacted the whole sphere of society (Fuchs, 2008), they are also, in significant ways, changing the journalistic field and its practice. Pavlik (2000) identifies four levels at which technology influences journalism. The first and foremost is how journalists do their work in relation with technology followed by the changes in content of news, structure of newsroom, and the shifting relationship between or among news organizations, journalists and their many publics. ...
... Decades ago Bantz et al (1980) had warned of a relentless ‗news factory' as the new work place for journalists and Philip Schlesinger (1977, p. 337) too proclaimed that newsmen are ‗members of a stop-watch culture', a phenomenon that the digital age has rendered irreversible. This digital transformation has changed reporting and news content gathering in ways that are very different from the original journalistic practice evolved by the newspaper reporters (Pavlik, 2000). In the words of a woman reporter who was interviewed for the study, reporting without spending time in the field is a mindless enterprise: -I would travel to places, spend time with my sources and get a sense of the situation. ...
This article studies the use of Twitter as a newsgathering and news sharing tool by journalists in the region of Kashmir. The recent spurt in the number of Twitter accounts of media organizations and individual journalists from the region suggests their increasing reliance on Twitter as a source of news while connecting and integrating them with wider journalistic processes and practices at national and global levels. Although such networked news production and news dissemination can be enabling, especially given that the region is embroiled in perpetual conflict and marred by clampdowns on media freedom, the fear that it compromises journalistic principle of fact checking and verification of truth takes away from the euphoria of such a technological transformation of the profession. Interviews with journalists show that they embrace Twitter more for ease of work and to expand their sphere of influence than to improve the quality of their reportage.
... T echnology is an impetus to change, including the changing methodology, forms, format, modes of news presentation, and the evolving structure of newsrooms (Pavlik, 2000;Spyridou et al., 2013). Researchers have highlighted the need to understand this change (Bradshaw, 2010) since it ushered in a distinct era in journalism, where new forms of storytelling were combined with interactive interfaces, dynamic visualization, and data. ...
... The influence of new forms in journalism is apparent with the acceptance of new strategies for sustainability (Singer, 2014), like the advent of citizen journalism, collaborative storytelling formats, and participatory journalism that demonstrate the influence of new media on journalism by upending conventional ideas of professional authority and gatekeeping (Deuze, 2005). Early research highlighted the potential of new media technologies to create and enhance value for readers (Pavlik, 2000), boost viewership, maximize appeal to advertisers, and reduce production costs (Boczkowski, 2004). Further, publications could involve more readers (Metykova, 2008) and publish, share, and analyze better, backed by improved data visualization capabilities (Wu et al., 2019). ...
This exploratory research uses in-depth interviews with journalists and editors of print news media outlets to explore how new forms of journalism support and augment the news production process. The paper employs labor theory as a theoretical framework to examine how the use of technology and financial influence has transformed the role of reporters and the tasks that they perform. The study findings reveal that the print media industry has leveraged the digital media space and is trying to understand its intricacies and possibilities post-COVID-19 pandemic. Media professionals are acquiring digital skills beyond text in audio and video formats for financial viability. This shift to digital content has led to adopting diverse journalistic forms and given momentum to producing quality news.
... Η Δημοσιογραφία και η τεχνολογία ανέκαθεν αποτελούσαν έννοιες στενά συνυφασμένες μεταξύ τους (Pavlik, 2000). Η σχέση αυτή έχει σημαδευτεί από την σταδιακά αυξανόμενη εισροή αυτοματοποιημένων στοιχείων στο επάγγελμα τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες, με αποτέλεσμα τον κλονισμό ορισμένων πάγιων αντιλήψεων που αφορούσαν τόσο τον ρόλο του δημοσιογράφου, όσο και τους αντικειμενικούς περιορισμούς που περικλείουν το δημοσιογραφικό επάγγελμα. ...
Η παρούσα εργασία αποσκοπεί στην μελέτη της αυτοματοποίησης -και πιο συγκεκριμένα της αυτοματοποιημένης παραγωγής ειδησεογραφικού περιεχομένου- εντός του πλαισίου του δημοσιογραφικού επαγγέλματος. Εξετάζεται η σταδιακή εισχώρηση αυτοματοποιημένων στοιχείων στις αίθουσες σύνταξης, τα βασικότερα πεδία εφαρμογής των νέων τεχνολογιών εντός του επαγγέλματος, αλλά και το πως οι τεχνολογίες αυτές έχουν επηρεάσει την εργασιακή ταυτότητα του σύγχρονου δημοσιογράφου. Μελετώνται τόσο οι θετικές, όσο και οι αρνητικές επιρροές της αυτοματοποίησης στη δημοσιογραφία, συμπεριλαμβανομένων της επίδρασης των νέων τεχνολογιών στην παραγωγικότητα και στην πρόσβαση σε προηγουμένως απροσπέλαστες πληροφορίες, καθώς και το πως οι τεχνολογίες αυτές διαμορφώνουν σταδιακά νέες απαιτήσεις γύρω από τον παραδοσιακό ρόλο των εργαζομένων στην σφαίρα των μέσων μαζικής ενημέρωσης.
... En este trabajo realizamos un análisis de varias revisiones sistemáticas de bibliografía científica sobre la evolución del periodismo digital, competencias profesionales, innovación (Pavlik, 2000 Murcia-Verdú, 2024) y las aportaciones de algunos de los académicos más referenciados del campo periodístico, así como una selección de algunas de sus investigaciones más citadas. ...
El periodismo digital ha consolidado su papel como institución en la sociedad red. Aquejado por los embates de sucesivos procesos de contaminación, inoculados por sus detractores y por malas prácticas de algunos actores, afronta el segundo cuarto de siglo de la mano de la alta tecnología. Lo hace con la experiencia cosechada en los últimos años, repletos de sucesivas transformaciones y adaptaciones, y con varias lecciones aprendidas de los éxitos y los fracasos. Tras muchas iniciativas que entraron en el ecosistema comunicativo bajo la alargada sombra de la improvisación, con el convencimiento de que en el mundo digital se precisaba poca capitalización y que había muchas oportunidades, ahora, treinta años más tarde, parece primar la planificación y el estudio detallado de los proyectos que se ponen en marcha. No es un seguro de supervivencia, pero sí una garantía para desarrollar proyectos alejados de las especulaciones y defensores de las soluciones precisas para problemas concretos. A medida que los promotores de nuevos medios nativos digitales cuentan con asesores especializados en el campo y aplican resultados de la investigación científica, los proyectos evidencian más solvencia. Con la disruptiva emergencia de la Inteligencia Artificial generativa, los desafíos se multiplican y aparecen renovadas oportunidades para que, mediante alianzas entre consultores e investigadores en Comunicación, se mejoren los diseños de los nuevos periódicos digitales que, incorporando la IA en los procesos, cultiven un periodismo más humano y elaborado por humanos. En este momento, cuando el mundo periodístico diseña estrategias con la mirada puesta en el horizonte del 2030, lo que aconseja la experiencia cosechada de los últimos treinta años de periodismo digital es la aplicación de más planificación – estudiar y testear los proyectos – a fin de reducir el número de fracasos y fortalecer el ecosistema comunicativo digital con medios periodísticos digitales solventes y sostenibles.
... Throughout media history, technologies of all kinds (including print, radio, and television technologies) have been crucial to the development of journalism and the media [12,13]. It was not too long ago that newsrooms did not have access to contemporary tools such as smart phones, voice recorders, cameras, email, and the internet. ...
This study aims to explore the perceptions of Greek journalists and academics on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in Greek journalism, focusing on its benefits, risks, and potential ethical dilemmas. In particular, it seeks to (i) assess the extent of the use of AI tools by Greek journalists; (ii) investigate views on how AI might alter news production, work routines, and labor relations in the field; and (iii) examine perspectives on the ethical challenges of AI in journalism, particularly in regard to AI-generated images in media content. To achieve this, a series of 28 in-depth semi-structured interviews was conducted with Greek journalists and academics. A thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and patterns. Overall, the findings suggest that AI penetration in Greek journalism is in its early stages, with no formal training, strategy, or framework in place within Greek media. Regarding ethical concerns, there is evident skepticism and caution among journalists and academics about issues, such as, data bias, transparency, privacy, and copyright, which are further intensified by the absence of a regulatory framework.
... (Journaliste, Rédacteur en chef, Entretien 9, août 2024) Le risque de perdre l'essence même du métier en se focalisant trop sur la transformation numérique, comme évoqué par certaines personnes, a été observé dans de nombreux médias où la quête de digitalisation rapide a conduit à la dégradation de la qualité des productions. Une étude sur les médias et la digitalisation mettait déjà en garde contre les risques de dilution des normes journalistiques pouvant découler d'une stratégie digitale peu claire et mal pensée Pavlik (2000). La recherche scientifique dans ce domaine montre que les organisations qui réussissent leur transition numérique sont celles qui parviennent à intégrer les nouvelles technologies tout en préservant leur mission initiale. ...
This article deals with the management of organizational change within the Senegalese Press Agency (APS) and more specifically the role of the manager as an "operational relay of change". The study questions the relationships between agency journalism, organizational dynamics and change management in a context of change in the traditional media ecosystem. The results show that the policy of AFP management to diversify the editorial offering by relying on digital has raised apprehensions, particularly among agency journalists who are keen to preserve the identity of the agency, historically focused on the production of press dispatches. The fear of a dilution of their core business, through a more marked presence on digital and the multiplication of audiovisual content, reflects a broader concern about a loss of their professional identity. Thus, the study shows that, in African contexts where social status is particularly valued, leadership based on human relations and proximity constitutes a major asset in facilitating the adoption of change, particularly in a sector as sensitive as that of the media. Key-words: Senegalese Press Agency; Agency journalist; Webjournalism; Mediamorphosis; Organizational agility.
... En los últimos años, la profesión periodística ha sufrido cambios tecnológicos considerables (Pavlik, 2000) ya que Internet se ha convertido en una herramienta importante para informar sobre conflictos políticos y sociales (Del Valle, Román, 2011), así como para transformar el paradigma de la información (Lavín de las Heras & Römer Pieretti, 2015;Carvajal et. al., 2022). ...
The use of social media has inevitably influenced the routines and working conditions of journalists covering conflicts since its consolidation during the Arab Spring. The main objective of this study is to analyse the vision that the Spanish media have of the influence of digital technology on their profession and to consider journalists’ perceptions of the risks such technology poses and its impact on both staff and freelance journalists. The analysis was carried out through in-depth interviews with both conflict journalists and international managers of Spanish media outlets (n=23). The chief results include the high degree of visibility and accessibility, the constant demand for updates along with the consequent increase in workload, the deterioration of news output resulting from worsening working conditions, and the challenges related to the lack of digital security tools among the Spanish media. Finally, the need for self-promotion on networks, especially in the case of freelance journalists, in addition to having an impact on their job opportunities, is seen as part of mediabrand positioning strategy.
... The long history of technological innovation in journalism, from the printing press to the internet, has shown that each technological leap brings significant changes in journalistic practices and ethics (Pavlik 2000). However, AI may represent the most transformative leap since the advent of the internet. ...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) fundamentally changes journalism, yet a comprehensive understanding of its impact is limited. This study presents the first systematic review to thoroughly analyze the influence of AI on journalistic practices, news narratives, and emerging ethical challenges. A rigorous analysis of 127 studies selected from 2478 original articles reveals trends in AI adoption in newsrooms, changes in journalists’ roles, innovations in news presentation, and emerging ethical implications. The key findings show a significant increase in the use of AI for news writing automation (73% of news organizations), data analysis (68%), and content personalization (62%). While AI improves efficiency and accuracy, 42% of studies reported concerns about reduced levels of nuance and context in AI-generated news. We also identified the emergence of hybrid “journalist–programmer” roles (52% of studies) and the need for “AI literacy” among journalists (38% of studies). The most prominent ethical challenges include algorithm transparency (82% of studies), data privacy (76%), and accountability relative to AI content (71%). Regional analysis reveals significant gaps in AI adoption, with important implications for global information equity. This review highlights the ongoing transformation in journalism, identifies critical gaps in current research, and offers an agenda for future investigation. Our findings provide valuable insights for media practitioners, policymakers, and researchers seeking to understand and shape the future of journalism in the age of AI.
... The AJPM is an empirical evaluative tool designed to operationalize the traditionally abstract concepts of journalistic principles for systematic assessment. This empirical evaluative instrument is being developed to align with the dynamic nature of the media ecosystem, which has undergone significant transformations in recent decades (Boczkowski, 2009;Pavlik, 2000). The necessity of a set of quantitative metrics for the generally qualitative aspects of journalism has arisen for several reasons. ...
The integration of emerging technologies in journalism raises concerns about their impact on journalistic principles. During these technologies’ early adoption stages, there is significant experimentation with platform affordances to apply these principles in new media contexts. Current evaluations struggle to be universally applicable due to their focus on specific media platforms and contexts. To address this gap, this article introduces the Assessment of Journalism Principles in Media (AJPM) rubric, a tool that operationalizes and empirically evaluates normative journalistic principles across media technologies. The tool offers a framework for examining and comparing how different media platforms’ affordances are aligning and impacting the implementation and perception of journalistic principles. Developed using the Questionnaire Appraisal System (QAS-99), the AJPM was refined through feedback from 17 news editors and journalists from the United States, who evaluated a tool that operationalizes 21 terms from the Oxford Dictionary of Journalism. This process established content validity of the AJPM. These evaluations are crucial in validating the AJPM's effectiveness for evolving journalistic forms such as immersive journalism and AI in journalism. Future research will establish the AJPM's face, criterion, and construct validity, thereby confirming its utility in assessing journalistic principles in diverse media forms, from traditional to emerging.
... AI is defined as the implementation of computer mechanisms that perform tasks previously carried out by humans using algorithms (Barrat, 2013;Rivas-de-Roca, 2021). Similarly, it is deduced that technologies have impacted the content of what is defined as news (Pavlik, 2000). ...
Artificial, automated, and algorithmic journalism is a current trend that brings about skills and challenges that newsrooms must face. The automation of journalistic tasks such as the writing of texts and the generation of audiovisuals, podcasts, and other resources to tell stories is mediated by artificial intelligence. Therefore, thinking about journalistic work prospectively offers an alternative to focus on the dynamics that will be a trend in the future. This research aims to conduct a systematic review in the Scopus and Web of Science (N = 627) databases on the scientific production of Spain and Latin America, where artificial intelligence, social communication, and journalism converge. Data mining and web scrapping were used, and the PRISMA declaration methodology was implemented to define inclusion and exclusion criteria for academic production (n = 43), integrating bibliometric analysis techniques in collaboration networks and strengths of links between authors, journals, and countries. Finally, we provide information on search trends, the authors who most developed the topic in question and other metrics of interest. In both databases, Spain has the best performance in scientific collaboration networks.
... Journalism has changed radically through the use of technology (Pavlik, 2000) and similarly, fact-checking sites are boosted by technological innovation . The accessibility of technology made possible the emergence of fact-checking with a utilitarian approach to assist professional practices rather than an objective in itself , but at the same time technology allows new forms of use that are not always good for a democratic society (Amazeen, 2020). ...
Artificial intelligence is changing the way our world works, and the journalism and communication field is no exception. The development of high technologies such as NLP or machine learning has modified professional routines, work profiles, and business models. Fact-checking initiatives, which have long battled disinformation, now face a complex context where misleading content grows faster than ever. In this situation, artificial intelligence, or AI, can be a double-edged sword. On the one side, AI-generated content can be created faster than regular content; therefore, there is a huge volume of data to be analysed by fact-checkers. Furthermore, NLP software is not always as reliable as it might be expected. It tends to ‘hallucinate’, creating more misleading content and hoaxes. On the other hand, AI can be a helpful tool in fighting disinformation. This paper analyses 10 independent international fact-checking initiatives through case analysis and questionnaires with fact-checkers. Results show that these sites use AI during different stages of their routines, accelerating processes, simplifying tasks and improving the accuracy of fact-checking results. AI integration shows some risks related to economic restrictions, platform limitations, media distrust, and inequity between countries. To conclude, this research also demonstrates that journalists are still in the loop about fact-checking sites, but more tech profiles and better skills are required.
... El periodismo atraviesa desde hace años un proceso de transformación digital lleno de desafíos en un escenario en el que, como ya predijo Pavlik (2000), la constante evolución tecnológica y la expansión definitiva de internet ha acabado teniendo un profundo impacto tanto en los procesos de producción como en los propios contenidos informativos que se publican. A esto se le ha sumado la emergencia de nuevos actores y plataformas y también una mayor dispersión de unas audiencias, cada vez más reacias a consumir las noticias a través de los medios de comunicación convencionales (Toff et al., 2023). ...
This brief essay attempts to establish the main differences between the terms format and narrative in their application to journalistic innovation. Both concepts have been widely used in recent years in view of the numerous expressive possibilities offered by technological advances. Although on many occasions they have been used interchangeably, each of them has its own entity. In the second part of the text, we will present the keys to some of the main formats that journalism can resort to today.
... Artificial intelligence (AI) and automation have gained a lot of attention throughout the last years (Beckett, 2019;Porlezza, 2018). These tools are widely regarded as helpful tools to support news work (Bucher, 2018), but like any other technological innovation, they also come with specific challenges: not only do they support journalists in their everyday work, but they also change the nature, role and workflows of journalism (Pavlik 2000;Thurman, Dörr & Kunert 2017;Lewis, Guzman, & Schmidt 2019) and contribute to making "journalism in new ways, by creating new genres, practices, and understandings of what news and news work is, and what they ought to be" (Bucher 2018, p. 132). ...
... The news industry has maintained a close relationship with technological developments that may augment journalistic production practices (Pavlik 2000;Steensen 2011). However, a notable difference is emerging with artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI, in journalism. ...
This study examined how the nature of a story's author (human or news bot journalist) affects how audiences assess a news story and its writer. Applying a Relative Hostile Media perspective, an experiment examined the effect of the ideological distance between news outlets and audiences. Results reveal that people express more positive attitudes-and trust-toward human journalists than toward AI journalists, but they perceive the latter as less biased. Also, story and outlet credibility have a negative relationship with ideological distance from outlets.
... Twitter and YouTube closely followed while Instagram, Viber, and Snapchat were lastly listed, with some variation evident between these platforms. Such results are consistent with past research indicating the usability of apps by journalists and others in the Arab and non-Arab worlds (Pavlik, 2000;Lewis and Molyneux, 2018;Djerf-Pierre et al., 2019;Geçer et al., 2020). ...
Within the long-drawn of COVID-19, the impact of social media is important for the public and journalists to re-engage with each other due to the relentless churning out of information. This paper investigates Arab journalists' use of social media during COVID-19 through Machine Learning (ML) models to predict future use and the main factor(s) deriving the respondents to such use. It aims to analyze the relationship between Arab journalists' online activity and their use of social media platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess the frequency of social media usage among Arab journalists and its correlation with their primary tasks and accomplishments. To test the accuracy of these models, we collected 1,443 Arab journalists via an online survey in 2020 using a random sampling approach. Key variables like online active journalists, Facebook group usage, and frequency of usage were studied. The received responses were subjected to ML analysis such as K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, and Ensemble Bagged Tree (EBT). The EBT predicted that Arab journalists would continue to rely on social media to various degrees as a viable source to fulfill their main tasks and accomplishments.
... Whether by its most basic form of transportation from event to person to person, or by the inevitable use of technology that is essential for its production, consumption and dissemination-the connection between news and mobility is inseparable, perhaps to the extent that, without mobility, there is no news (Duffy et al. 2020;Duffy and Westlund 2022;Pavlik 2000). ...
... Undoubtedly, technology has always been a transformative force in the practice of journalism (Pavlik 2000) as well as a major force behind journalism. The transformations have been accompanied by anxieties and fresh opportunities. ...
Este artigo busca investigar a cobertura noticiosa dos perfis informativos no Instagram no estado do Maranhão. A proposta deste estudo nasce da observação do crescimento desses perfis na região e de sua importância no cenário midiático local. Deste modo, o objetivo geral do estudo é apresentar um mapeamento dos veículos informativos na rede social Instagram nas dez cidades mais populosas do Maranhão – São Luís, Imperatriz, Timon, Caxias, Codó, Açailândia, Bacabal, Balsas, Barra do Corda e Santa Inês. Este trabalho é um recorte dos resultados de uma dissertação sobre veículos noticiosos em redes sociais. O trabalho aplicou o modelo híbrido do GJOL (Machado; Palacios, 2007). Conclusivamente a pesquisa delineou um cenário de compartilhamento de informação de viés local; a produção informativa nesses perfis foi baseada em uma narrativa nos moldes do conteúdo de uma mídia social. Observa-se, por fim, uma quantidade significativa de perfis informativos atuando no cenário regional.
Κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων δεκαετιών, τα περιβάλλοντα των μέσων και τα συστήματα επικοινωνίας έχουν αλλάξει ριζικά. Αυτές οι αλλαγές έχουν επιφέρει σημαντικές συνέπειες τόσο στο πεδίο της παραγωγής δημοσιογραφικού περιεχομένου όσο και στην ενημέρωση που παρέχεται στους πολίτες. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, η παρούσα εργασία επικεντρώνοντας το ενδιαφέρον της στον περιφερειακό Τύπο στοχεύει να εξετάσει, αρχικά, την τρέχουσα κατάσταση της δημοσιογραφίας στο περιβάλλον του web 2.0. Στη συνέχεια, θα διερευνηθούν οι δυνατότητες, οι προκλήσεις και οι προοπτικές τής εφαρμογής των τεχνολογιών web 3.0 στον τομέα της παραγωγής και διανομής δημοσιογραφικού περιεχομένου. Με εστίαση στον ελληνικό περιφερειακό Τύπο θα εξεταστούν οι προκλήσεις για τη δημοσιογραφία προς την εποχή του web 3.0 με σκοπό την αναζήτηση προτάσεων και λύσεων που θα αντιμετωπίζουν αποτελεσματικά τη διάδοση ψευδών ειδήσεων και την παραπληροφόρηση ενδυναμώνοντας ταυτόχρονα τα περιφερειακά Μέσα που αποτελούν πυλώνα για τον πλουραλισμό και τη δημοκρατία.
A inovação tecnológica desempenha um papel transformador nos media, perante os desafios da transição digital e a crise financeira do setor. Este artigo analisa o papel que a inovação ocupa nos jornais regionais portugueses e nos seus modelos de financiamento, através de uma abordagem qualitativa (entrevistas com os diretores de três jornais tradicionais e três nativos digitais). Os entrevistados veem o conceito de inovação interligado com a tecnologia, mas também incluem o modelo de negócio e a orientação editorial como possíveis focos de inovação. Contudo, os diretores dos jornais tradicionais demonstram algum ceticismo em relação à sustentabilidade do jornalismo digital, destacando a relevância financeira da sua edição impressa. Para os nativos digitais, o financiamento diversifica-se entre investimentos privados, bolsas de apoio, assinaturas digitais e doações. Os entrevistados mostram-se preocupados com a crise no setor e atentos aos desafios do digital, reforçando que estão a atravessar um momento de transição.
Bu araştırmada, "Kuş Uçuşu" dizisinde temsil edilen X ve Z kuşaklarının gazetecilik becerileri; haberde hız unsuruna yaklaşımları, dijital teknolojilere olan yatkınlıkları, haber kaynaklarına ulaşım yöntemleri, gündem belirleme pratikleri ve etik değerlere olan bağlılıkları açısından derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme sonucunda, gazetecilik pratiklerinde kuşaklar arası farklılıkların nasıl temsil edildiği ve bu farkların gazetecilik mesleğinin dinamiklerini nasıl dönüştürdüğü detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir.
El combate a la desinformación se ha tornado en una preocupación, sobre todo, entre quienes realizan fact-checking. Este tipo de luchas ha ocasionado que se creen portales webs dedicados a la verificación de hechos y algunos sitios son especializados en el chequeo del discurso político, como en el caso de Ecuador Verifica, una coalición que reúne a instituciones, sociedad civil y a la academia. En las últimas elecciones seccionales desarrolladas en Ecuador, este portal tomó acción para mitigar la desinformación a través de su página web y redes sociales. El presente estudio contrastar el alcance de la cobertura nacional en la lucha contra la desinformación. La metodología es cuali-cuantitativa a través de un estudio de caso y un análisis cuantitativo de contenido. Los esfuerzos por combatir la desinformación se ven reducidos por la poca cobertura en el territorio ecuatoriano, aunque contar con un portal de este tipo ya es un paso hacia la lucha contra la desinformación.
ABSTRACT
Sabarimala Sree Ayyappan Temple, the temple dedicated to lord Ayyappa, has a long history of having banned women's entry into the temple – these are associated with many myths. In the past, women devotees of menstruating age were not permitted to enter inside the temple so as to protect the celibate nature of the deity. Many legends exist about the temple and according to one of them, when lord Ayyappa (an abandoned son born to Shiva) and Mohini (who was an incarnation of Vishnu) kill the demoness Mahushasuri, she turns into a beautiful woman and asks lord Ayyappa to marry her. He however refused the proposal saying that he is ordained to be in the forest as a brahmachari and answer prayers of devotees. When the woman persisted, he told her that he would marry her when there are no Kanni Swami’s (new devotees) to the temple. Since the temple witnesses new devotees every year, Mahushasuri could never marry him. She is now worshiped as goddess Malikappurthamma in the neighbourhood. Thus, to protect the celibate nature of lord Ayyappa women between 10 years and 50 years were not allowed entry inside the temple.
Across a number of disciplines, hybridity is regularly invoked when two previously distinct elements – whether objects, concepts, frameworks, practices, models, mediums or institutions – are brought together. However, this is often done with a vague theoretical nod. Labeled a hybrid and left at the level of broad theory, scholarship has tended to ignore a critical issue: what happens when the disparate elements of a hybrid are introduced in practice? This conceptual paper takes the case of academic explanatory journalism, a nascent intentional collaborative practice between academic authors and journalist editors, in order to illustrate how the theoretical concept of hybridity plays out in practice. This particular case presents a number of opportunities and benefits within a Western democratic context. However, our examination highlights that without a more nuanced discussion of how hybridization plays out in real life, its potential benefits are compromised. We propose a five-step framework that can be applied to other examples of hybridity, across varied disciplines beyond media and communication studies. This five-step framework helps uncover the complications that might arise when disparate elements are hybridized, moving from theory into practice. The approach helps create the space and understanding needed to design solutions pre-emptively.
Teknolojik gelişmelerin hız kazanması ve yeni medya adı verilen ortamların kendini göstermesinin beraberinde birçok sektör kendi içinde çeşitli dönüşümler geçirmiştir. Yeni medya ortamları arasındaki Facebook, X, Instagram, YouTube, TikTok gibi sosyal medya platformları farklı ihtiyaçlara yönelik içeriklerin oluşturulmasına imkân tanır. Bu platformlar içerisinde görüntü ve sesin eşit derecede önemli görüldüğü YouTube, hem her kullanıcının içerik üretebildiği bir ortam hem de gazeteciler için haber yayma aracı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada YouTube ve gazetecilik ilişkisi ulusal – uluslararası gazeteler üzerinden içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma, YouTube üzerinden paylaşılan haberlerde ağırlıklı olarak hangi konular üzerine odaklanıldığını ve gazete yapılarının platform kullanımında herhangi bir etki yaratıp yaratmadığını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Similarweb üzerinden 15.01.2024 tarihi itibariyle Türkiye ve dünya çapında en çok tıklama alan dört gazete (Hürriyet, Milliyet, New York Times ve The Guardian) çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. 2023 yılının son çeyreği sınırlandırılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, ulusal gazetelerin YouTube’a daha geç katılım sağlamasına karşın daha fazla içerik ürettiği, uluslararası gazetelerin belgesel formatında çekilmiş içeriklerine karşın ulusal gazetelerin ünlü kişilerle yapılan röportajlara başvurduğu ve ulusal gazetelerin haftanın son günlerinde içerik yayımlamasının aksine uluslararası gazetelerin hafta sonu herhangi bir içerik yayımlamadığı saptanmıştır.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, represents a transformative period driven by the convergence of digital, physical, and biological technologies. This revolution is profoundly reshaping numerous industries and activities. Specifically, in media and journalism, it introduces advanced techniques and intelligent systems that redefine how information is gathered, processed, and disseminated. This first chapter analyzes and reflects on these changes from a global perspective. In this Industry 4.0 scenario, virtual and physical production systems cooperate to generate competitive products that satisfy the needs of increasingly demanding audiences. But how does this situation affect the media industry? Is journalism able to adapt to continue satisfying audiences in the Fourth Industrial Revolution? We introduce these and other questions to pave the way for the subsequent 18 chapters, in which 40 esteemed authors from 26 different universities around the world delve into the exploration of the opportunities and challenges that Industry 4.0 presents for journalism.
İnternet gazeteciliği, sağlamış olduğu avantajlarla hem okuyucular hem de gazeteciler için geleneksel gazeteciliğe göre daha çok kullanım alanı olan bir gazetecilik türüdür. Ancak internet gazeteciliğinin avantajlarının olmasının yanı sıra dezavantajları da bulunmaktadır. Örneğin, internet gazeteciliği, en çok zararı basılı gazetelere vermiştir. Çünkü basılı gazeteler artık gazeteciler, okuyucular hatta reklam verenler tarafından daha az kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle reklam verenler, kısa zamanda daha çok kitleye ulaşmak için internet gazeteciliğini tercih etmektedir. Aynı zamanda reklam gelirleri, internet gazetelerinin ana gelir kaynaklarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle de reklam alanları bu gazetecilik türünde oldukça geniş bir biçimde yer bulmaktadır. İnternet gazeteciliğinde hızla yaygınlaşan reklam yapma isteği, artık günümüzde bir sorun oluşturmaktadır. Üstelik uygulanan reklamların daha fazla görünür olması için farklı uygulamalara başvurulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, seçilen gazeteler üzerinden internet gazetelerinde kaç reklam kullanıldığını ve ne tür reklamlara yer verildiğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, ele alınan internet gazetelerinin ana sayfası, habere tıklandığında açılan sayfaları ve hiper metinleri tek tek taranarak nicel içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmaya dâhil edilen internet gazeteleri; haberturk.com, sabah.com.tr, milliyet.com.tr, sozcu.com.tr, hurriyet.com.tr’dir. Bu gazeteler amaçlı örneklem belirleme yaklaşımı ile seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, bazı internet gazeteleri sayfalarında daha fazla reklam yapmayı tercih etmekteyken, bazıları ise, daha az reklam yapmayı ve reklam alanlarının yerine haber ve bilgiye yer vermeyi yeğlemektedir.
Culture, as a product of social experiences, can transform under certain periods and conditions. Many studies clearly show the effects of mass media on culture and its transformation. The effects of mass media on culture are discussed in a wide range of topics, from the development of culture as an industry to the formation of social media culture. When these discussions, which are of great importance in terms of understanding the impact of social media platforms used by a significant proportion of the world's population on society, are evaluated together, it is possible to offer a holistic perspective on social media culture. In this context, the study aims to make evaluations on social media culture by reviewing the literature within the framework of the concepts of "speed", "prosumer" and "infinite scrolling", which are among the main components that are effective in the formation of social media culture. According to the findings of the study, first of all, a large number of studies showing that the phenomenon of speed has become one of the main purposes of our lives reveals that this phenomenon is constantly brought to the forefront with the way social media environments function and their content. In addition, social media environments, where all users become potential content producers, have turned all users into producers and consumers with this feature. Another combination of the culture created by social media is the practice of infinite scrolling, which is expressed as "infinite scrolling" or "doomscrolling". Since these three important features point to certain cultural transformations for social media users, another finding of the research is that all these features have various positive and negative consequences.
Toplumsal deneyimlerin bir ürünü olan kültür, belirli dönemler ve koşullar altında dönüşebilmektedir. Birçok araştırma kitle iletişim araçlarının kültür ve onun dönüşümü üzerindeki etkilerini açık biçimde göstermektedir. Kitle iletişim araçlarının kültür üzerindeki etkileri, kültürün bir endüstri olarak gelişiminden sosyal medya kültürünün oluşumuna değin geniş bir yelpazede tartışılmaktadır. Dünya nüfusunun önemli bir oranı tarafından kullanılan sosyal medya platformlarının toplum üzerindeki etkisini anlamak açısından büyük önem taşıyan bu tartışmalar bir arada değerlendirildiğinde, sosyal medya kültürüne yönelik bütünlüklü bir bakış açısı sunabilme olanağı taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmada, sosyal medya kültürünün oluşumunda etkili olan temel bileşenlerden “hız”, “üretüketici” ve “sonsuz kaydırma” kavramları çerçevesinde literatür taraması yapılarak sosyal medya kültürüne ilişkin değerlendirmelerde bulunmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, öncelikle hız olgusunun hayatımızın temel amaçlarından biri haline geldiğini gösteren çok sayıda araştırma, bu olgunun sosyal medya ortamlarının işleyiş biçimi ve içerikleri ile sürekli ön plana çıkarıldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte tüm kullanıcıların potansiyel bir içerik üreticisi haline geldiği sosyal medya ortamları, sunduğu bu özellikle tüm kullanıcıları bir üretüketici haline getirmiştir. Sosyal medyanın yarattığı kültürün bir diğer bileşimi ise “infinite scrolling” ya da “doomscrolling” olarak ifade edilen sonsuz kaydırma pratiğidir. Bu üç önemli özelliğin sosyal medya kullanıcıları için belirli kültürel dönüşümlere işaret ettiğinden hareketle tüm bu özelliklerin olumlu ve olumsuz olmak üzere çeşitli sonuçlarının olduğu araştırma bulgularından bir diğeridir.
This study examines how RT Arabic and Sky News Arabia channels present the news about ISIS through their newscasts; revealing the visual technologies these networks adopted in covering ISIS. This study centers its analysis on a sample of news stories solely about ISIS in two international news networks, RT Arabic and Sky News Arabia as broadcast on their satellite channels and their websites from the period 2014 to 2017. The study found that among the eleven different types of newsroom visual technologies identified in the study, both channels relied on graphs most frequently to present ISIS news visually. However, unlike Sky News Arabia, RT Arabic employed limited usage of visual technology to cover the brutality and violent acts of ISIS in its coverage.
What happens to international media reporting when governments expel foreign journalists? Countries around the world expel foreign reporters, yet there is no consensus about the effects of such expulsions. We argue there are three possible outcomes of expulsion: a chilling effect, resilience, and backlash. Using China as a case study, we evaluate these competing theories by collecting a novel dataset of foreign news stories about China and applying time-series causal inference methods to measure the effects of expulsion on information origination, composition, and reach after March 2020, when the Chinese government expelled a large number of foreign correspondents. Results show that expelled media organizations did not experience a chilling effect or backlash on reporting and may have changed their production processes to account for expulsion. These findings suggest that news organizations can remain resilient to the impact of extraordinary events which target the organization and disrupt internal production processes.
Science and technology journalists today face challenges in finding newsworthy leads due to increased workloads, reduced resources, and expanding scientific publishing ecosystems. Given this context, we explore computational methods to aid these journalists' news discovery in terms of their agency and time-efficiency. We prototyped three computational information subsidies into an interactive tool that we used as a probe to better understand how such a tool may offer utility or more broadly shape the practices of professional science journalists. Our findings highlight central considerations around science journalists' user agency, contexts of use, and professional responsibility that such tools can influence and could account for in design. Based on this, we suggest design opportunities for enhancing and extending user agency over the longer-term; incorporating contextual, personal and collaborative notions of newsworthiness; and leveraging flexible interfaces and generative models. Overall, our findings contribute a richer view of the sociotechnical system around computational news discovery tools, and suggest ways to improve such tools to better support the practices of science journalists.
Bu çalışmada, gazeteciliğin teknolojik gelişmelere içkin olan doğası ve gelecekte bu mesleğin var olup olmayacağına yönelik birtakım tartışmalar, gazetecilerin görüşleri eksenin de incelenmektedir. Özellikle, dijital teknolojilerin haber üretim süreçlerinde yarattığı radikal dönüşümler ve yapay zekâ, algoritma/robotik gazetecilik süreçleri, gazeteciliğin yapısını sorgulanır hale getirmektedir. Bütün bu gelişmeler bağlamında, mevcut çalışmada nitel yöntemin fenomonolojik yaklaşımı çerçevesinde 11 gazeteciyle yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, dijital teknolojilerin gazeteciliğin yapısını olumsuz yönde etkilese de mesleğin gelecekte de bir şekilde devam edeceği yönündedir. Bir diğer erişilen bulguda; dijital platformların kirli enformasyon ekolojisinde sorgulanır ve doğrulanabilir haberlerin ancak profesyonel gazetecilik kodlarıyla mümkün olacağı şeklinde belirlenmiştir.
Science and health communication have recently increased in importance, and not only because of crises such as anthropogenic climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic. Societies in general are growing more complex, and increasingly rely on scientific knowledge (Kohring, Vertrauen in Journalismus: Theorie und Empirie [Trust in journalism: Theory and empiricism]. UVK Verlagsgesellschaft, 2004; Luhmann, Vertrauen: Ein Mechanismus der Reduktion sozialer Komplexität [Trust: A mechanism for reducing social complexity]. UVK Verlagsgesellschaft, 2014; Summ & Volpers, What’s science? Where’s science? Science journalism in German print media. Public Understanding of Science, 25(7), 775–790. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662515583419, 2016; Weingart, Wissenschaftskommunikation unter digitalen Bedingungen: Funktionen, Akteure und Probleme des Vertrauens [The integration function of the mass media: Conceptual history, models, operationalization]. In P. Weingart, H. Wormer, A. Wenninger, & R. F. Hüttl (Eds.), Perspektiven der Wissenschaftskommunikation im digitalen Zeitalter (pp. 31–59). Velbrück Wissenschaft, 2017), which goes hand in hand with the importance of public trust in science. Within this complex setting, science and health journalists are important actors who need to provide public audiences with reliable and solid information—especially during crises. However, in the current digital age, the functions of science and health journalism for society are challenged (Fahy & Nisbet, The science journalist online: Shifting roles and emerging practices. Journalism 12(7), 778–793. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884911412697, 2011), particularly because scientific information reaches public audiences via a variety of (digital) media outlets, where journalistic and non-journalistic actors compete for attention (European Commission, Eurobarometer: European citizens’ knowledge and attitudes towards science and technology. https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2237, 2021; Metag & Schäfer, Wissenschaftsbarometer Schweiz 2016 [Science Barometer Switzerland 2016]. www.wissenschaftsbarometer.de, 2016; National Science Board, Science & engineering indicators 2018. National Science Foundation. https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2018/nsb20181/assets/nsb20181.pdf, 2018). Thus, for public audiences, the question of whom and which information to trust becomes ever more important.
2ο Ετήσιο Ελληνόφωνο Επιστημονικό Συνέδριο Εργαστηρίων Επικοινωνίας: Το μέλλον της επικοινωνίας στην
ψηφιακή εποχή www.cclabs.gr
In recent years, the use of digital mobile technologies for journalistic practice has gained much popularity among Ghanaian journalists. In this study, we explored three original Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) variables (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and social influence) and two additional variables, (the cost of smartphones, and the cost of mobile data) to predict the relationship between the five variables, and journalists' intention to use Digital Mobile Technologies (DMTs). A structured questionnaire was used to solicit data from 281 Ghanaian frontline journalists through an online survey. The respondents were selected by purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modelling analysis of the data showed that, as the cost of smartphones, and the cost of mobile data increases, journalists' intention to use technology decreases in Ghana. Thus, mobile data and the cost of smartphones had a negative relationship with journalists' intention to use DMTs. The testing of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and social influence, however, reported a positive relationship with the use intention. The findings from this study have implications for policy change on the reduction of the prices of both mobile data and smartphones to enhance the use of DMTs among journalists in Ghana. Also, the findings from this study could be considered a template for the proper regulation of the use of DMTs for enhanced practice of journalism in Ghana and other developing countries.
Recent developments in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) have revitalized academic discourse on algorithmic systems, particularly on their potential, ethical considerations, risks, and regulatory challenges. Extensive research has examined how algorithms affect communication processes, focusing on their influence on news organizations, journalistic practices, public-media dynamics, media literacy, and combating disinformation and filter bubbles. An emergent strand of research defines and measures the multidimensional concept of algorithmic literacy. However limited research exists on the intersection of algorithmic literacy and journalism. This gap is particularly concerning given the pivotal role of journalism in shaping public discourse, informing citizens, upholding democratic values and contrasting disinformation. Understanding how journalists perceive and engage with algorithms is essential, as these technologies significantly influence their professional tasks, including content production and distribution. In Portugal, where newcomer journalists work in precarious conditions and digital media transformation is rapidly evolving, understanding how journalists interact with and perceive algorithms is vital. Our study, through a multi-phased approach, aims to fill this gap questioning how can algorithmic literacy, encompassing cognitive, attitudinal and behavioural dimensions, be effectively assessed among professional journalists? The exploratory results present a validated methodological tool, instrument based on a multi-dimensional analytical framework and specifically designed to measure algorithmic literacy levels and to assess journalists’ experiences. Critical discussion addresses the methodological procedures and preliminary findings from the pre-test, offering insights into Portuguese journalists' understanding, perceptions, and competencies regarding algorithmic systems. By shedding light on the cognitive, affective, and behavioural aspects of journalists’ engagement with algorithms, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the algorithmic literacy among journalists, which is essential to sustain the quality of their work and for an effective counteraction against disinformation. It also opens avenues for similar studies in other geographical or professional contexts.
Orem, Utah, Newspaper to Cease Print Edition, Move to Online Publication " , KRTBN Knight-Ridder Tribune Business News: The Salt Lake Tribune—Utah Copyright ã KRTBN Knight-Rid-der Tribune Business News: The Salt Lake Tribune—Utah Copyright ã 1999 KRTBN Knight Ridder Tribune Business News
- Carricaburu
- Lisa
Carricaburu, Lisa (Jul. 30, 1999) " Orem, Utah, Newspaper to Cease Print Edition, Move to Online Publication ", KRTBN Knight-Ridder Tribune Business News: The Salt Lake Tribune—Utah Copyright ã KRTBN Knight-Rid-der Tribune Business News: The Salt Lake Tribune—Utah Copyright ã 1999 KRTBN Knight Ridder Tribune Business News; Source: World Reporter (TM).