The Project “The Map of Ancient Aqueducts of Italy”, started in 2003 by the Commission of Artificial Caves of the Italian Speleological Society (SSI), represented a good opportunity to produce a state-of-the-art as regards the knowledge about ancient aqueducts in the Campania region. Due to historical importance of the town of Naples, for many centuries capital of the Kingdom of Naples, the best
... [Show full abstract] known evidence and information concern those structures located directly in Naples, or that were build to supply the town with water. Among these, the Serino Aqueduct, the “Bolla” Aqueduct and the Carmignano Aqueduct are described, starting with historical information useful to reconstruct the time of realization of these remarkable hydric works. Beyond Naples and surrounding areas, evidence of other aqueducts are preserved in Campania. These include, for example, the Carolino Aqueduct, that was designed and realized during the XVIII century to bring water to the Royal Palace at Caserta, one of the most beautiful works by architect Luigi Vanvitelli. Moving to inland Campania, in the Benevento province the Faicchio Aqueduct is worth to be recalled here, due to the complex system of galleries that were used to carry water to three public fountains in the small town of Faicchio. Other aqueducts are also present at Roccarainola, S. Felice a Cancello, Manocalzati and in the Island of Ischia. Overall, nine ancient aqueducts, all of them at least with some subterranean passages, are described in this paper to present the preliminary information available about these important hydraulic works, and to stimulate further researches in the region, aimed at future discoveries.