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Basic readings in psychology.
Abstract
"Perhaps one of the best criteria of a book's present significance is whether or not it is deemed important enough to be chosen to appear on the reading lists for graduate students preparing for their doctoral examinations. With this criterion in mind, letters were sent to all American and Canadian psychology departments granting doctor's degrees in 1953-54 and again, five years later in 1958-59." Listed are books recommended by ½ or more departments in 1958-59, books recommended by ⅓-½ the departments in 1958-59, and additional books recommended by ½ the departments in 1953-54 but not listed by ⅓ in 1958-59. "The basic readings in psychology today may then be represented by the 30 books recommended by at least a third of the psychology departments." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Many psychiatric education programs distribute reading lists to students and residents but these lists rapidly become out of date. The authors polled experts in 20 psychiatric specialty areas, asking for up to ten recent publications of lasting value. Nearly 1300 citations were received from over 200 respondents. The authors discuss the Jack of consensus by experts in areas such as neurobiology and psychopharrnacoiogy as well as the much higher proportion of books (versus articles) cited by experts from psychosocial compared to biological specialty areas.
A method of exploring the current status of literature in psychology was conducted by classifying all references cited in a sample of five elementary psychology texts. The categories used were (a) extent of agreement among text authors on references included (b) journals most frequently drawn upon for elementary text data and (c) percentage of references taken from a given decade in recent history. Results indicated that a very small percentage of the total number of references were cited in common by all authors. The journals most often used seemed to create an image of psychology as biological science. Finally, most references used in the elementary texts were taken from the most recent decade of psychological history. The approach used in gathering the data, as well as the data itself, is discussed.
Reports on survey data on recommended reading from 163 departments granting a doctoral degree in psychology in the US and Canada. The book recommended by half or more of the 38 departments with individualized reading lists was Theories of Personality by C. S. Hall and G. Lindzey (1978). Other frequently recommended books are listed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
This article examines how experimental psychology experienced a revolution as cognitive science replaced behaviorism in the mid-20th century. This transition in the scientific account of human nature involved making normal what had once been normative: borrowing ideas of democratic thinking from political culture and conceptions of good thinking from philosophy of science to describe humans as active, creatively thinking beings, rather than as organisms that simply respond to environmental conditions. Reflexive social and intellectual practices were central to this process as cognitive scientists used anti-positivist philosophy of science simultaneously to justify their own work as valid and also as a model of human thinking. In the process, the normative philosophy of science or ‘good academic thinking’ that cognitive scientists used to reshape the discipline of psychology and characterize themselves became, at the same time, the descriptive model of human nature.
Using reference lists from 24 introductory psychology textbooks, we generated two tables: The first contains a list of the most frequently cited journal articles in the introductory texts; the second contains a list of the most frequently cited authors. The usefulness of citation indexes is discussed as well as why the two tables included in this article turned out as they did.
In both introductory and upper division psychology courses, recommended books may be successfully used to supplement required textbook assignments. Several approaches to the compilation of a recommended readings list are examined and compared, with a discussion of pedagogical implications. One such list of 56 entries with annotations is described.
Reports on survey data on recommended reading from 163 departments granting a doctoral degree in psychology in the US and Canada. The book recommended by half or more of the 38 departments with individualized reading lists was
Theories of Personality by C. S. Hall and G. Lindzey (1978). Other frequently recommended books are listed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Surveyed 19 experimental, 13 personality and/or clinical, 9 developmental and/or educational, and 16 social psychologists who were among the 102 most frequently cited psychologists in the 1975
Social Science Citation Index to determine the works and authors in the field they found most influential. Two of the authors, both experimental psychologists, were women; all Ss received their PhDs between 1927 and 1967. 39 authors and their cited works are listed. Freud was most frequently cited by Ss receiving PhDs before 1951; B. F. Skinner was most frequently named by those granted PhDs since 1951. As expected, there were substantial differences between works that were most often cited as influential by these authors and the readings that were most often recommended by graduate faculties surveyed in previous research: The authors' list of readings tended more toward the theoretical, while the works recommended by faculties are largely compendia of empirical work. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
What are the most important books in pastoral care and counseling? Which works are most often recommended to students studying in this area? The literature of a particular discipline serves as an instrument to measure the growth and development of that discipline as well as its present orientation. The field of pastoral care and counseling is no exception. Identification of the most frequently recommended literature in pastoral care and counseling would be beneficial to clergymen, educators, and theological students in helping to suggest possible bibliographies in this area. Perhaps one of the best ways to ascertain a given book's present significance for a field is to find out whether or not it is included in reading lists prepared for students in that discipline. Up to this time, no study of this kind has ever been attempted in the area of pastoral care and counseling. There have been such efforts done in the field of psychology. Sundberg reported the results of two surveys performed in 1953-54 and 1958-59 in which he studied the basic readings in psychology through a survey of American and Canadian psychology departments. 1 Solso and Johnson replicated the early Sundberg studies in 1967 and again in 1971 to determine which works remained as "classics" and which were "emerging classics. ''2' 3 In each of these studies, the whole of psychological literature, including experimental psychology, clinical psychology, personality psychology, comparative psychology, etc., was combined, with no distinction being made among the various areas. The purpose of the present study was to identify what constitutes the most frequently used literature of pastoral care and counseling by surveying reading lists used at theological schools. Method
Widely varying recommended reading lists for psychiatry residents were obtained from 140 AMA-approved training programs. Approximately 4,000 articles, 2,800 books, and 200 serials were listed. The number of recommendations for each book was counted, and a rank-order determined. A second rank-order was determined from the lists of those eighty-seven programs which indicated that their material covered the "basic" literature; a third rank-order was determined from the number of residents using the lists. All rank-orders agreed on the "most recommended" book and the first eighteen books; there was a 92 percent correlation through the first 453 books. One-third of the "basic" recommendations were for the first 104 books; one-third for the next 349 books, and one-third for the remaining 1,994 books. The subject matter of the first 104 books indicated that the currently most popular subjects in psychiatry are psychoanalytic theories of personality, schizophrenia, psychotherapy, and child psychiatry. A list of the 104 most recommended books is appended.
A recheck of the books judged to be outstanding in 1953–54 and 1958–59 showed significant changes and quite a few sturdy books.
Responding to this invitation to write an autobiography, I have tried to put in some order, the jumble of memories that come to mind. There are markers of the journey--the major decisions and changes in direction, many influenced by external events. Despite turns and detours, there is also continuity of interests and behavioral style. My beginnings on a Nebraska farm were a considerable distance in place and character from my current retirement in Oregon. The trail of events was especially marked by the death of my father, early choice of psychology, military service in Germany, marriage in Paris, establishing the university clinic and clinical program at the University of Oregon, starting a school of Community Service and Public Affairs, working with Leona Tyler on books and an extensive research project, and a year going around the world with my family including a long period in India. My principal contributions to personality assessment include cross-cultural studies, development of a boredom scale, community psychology connections, many reviews, books in clinical psychology and assessment, and work with students and others who continue this important branch of psychology.
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