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Teratohyla sornozai Cisneros-Heredia, Yánez-Muñoz and Ortega-Andrade is a junior synonym of Rulyrana orejuela Duellman y Burrowes (Amphibia, Anura, Centrolenidae)

DOI:10.18272/aci.v2i3.37
Authors:
Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia at Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ)
Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia
Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz at Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Ecuador
Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz
H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade at Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM
H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade
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Abstract and Figures

Teratohyla sornozai fue recientemente descrita [1] sobre la base de especímenes colectados en tres localidades en las provincias de Esmeraldas, Imbabura y Pichincha, noroccidente del Ecuador. En la descripción original [1], T sornozai se diferenció de Rulyrana orejuela [2] por la forma del hocico (proyectado de perfil en T sornozai, truncado de perfil en R. orejuela), la extensión de la membrana en manos y pies (mayor en T. sornozai), la presencia de melanóforos en las manos y pies (mayor en R. orejuela), el color del iris (gris oscuro con un anillo circumpupilar amarillo en R. orejuela, vs. dorado con reticulaciones oscuras en T. sornozai), y el tamaño corporal (mayor en R. orejuela). Sin embargo, la adquisición de mayor material de R. orejuela y la re-evaluación de los especímenes asignados a T. sornozai permitieron determinar que ambos nombres corresponden a una misma especie. Las diferencias observadas en los especímenes asignados a Teratohyla sornozai se deben a variación intraespecífica (por ejemplo, el color del iris) o a cambios ontogénicos (los juveniles de R. orejuela presentan menos melanóforos en las patas, una mayor extensión en las membranas manuales y pediales). La variación en la forma del hocico parece corresponder a un patrón común observado en varias especies de Centrolenidae, donde los juveniles tienen el hocico proyectado en vista lateral o de perfil. Basados en esta nueva evidencia, colocamos a Teratohyla sornozai Cisneros-Heredia, Yánez-Muñoz y Ortega-Andrade como un sinónimo junior de Rulyrana orejuela Duellman y Burrowes (Figuras 1-2). Con este cambio, el número de localidades conocidas para Rulyrana orejuela en Ecuador se incrementa a cuatro: Mashpi, Saguangal [3], Río Naranjal y Canadé [1].
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Teratohyla sornozai Cisneros-Heredia, Yánez-Muñoz and Ortega-Andrade is a junior synonym of Rulyrana orejuela Duellman y Burrowes (Amphibia, Anura, Centrole
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COMUNICACIÓN/COMMUNICATION SECCIÓN/SECTION B
EN CIENCIAS E INGENIERÍAS
AVANCES
Teratohyla sornozai Cisneros-Heredia, Yánez-Muñoz y Ortega-Andrade es un sinónimo
junior de Rulyrana orejuela Duellman y Burrowes (Amphibia, Anura, Centrolenidae)
Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia1,2,∗, Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz2, Mauricio Ortega-Andrade2,3
1Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales
Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador.
2Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, División de Herpetología
Calle Rumipamba 341 yAv. deLos Shyris. Casilla Postal17-07-8976, Quito, Ecuador
3Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Departamento de Biodiversidad y Ecología Animal,
Veracruz, México
∗Autor principal/Corresponding author, e-mail: dcisneros@usfq.edu.ec
Editado por/Edited by: C. Zambrano, Ph.D.
Recibido/Received: 07/19/2010. Aceptado/Accepted: 10/29/2010.
Publicado en línea/Published on Web: 12/08/2010. Impreso/Printed: 12/08/2010.
Teratohyla sornozai fue recientemente descrita [1] so-
bre la base de especímenes colectados en tres localida-
des en las provincias de Esmeraldas, Imbabura y Pichin-
cha, noroccidente del Ecuador. En la descripción origi-
nal [1], T. sornozai se diferenció de Rulyrana orejue-
la [2] por la forma del hocico (proyectado de perfil en
T. sornozai, truncado de perfil en R. orejuela), la ex-
tensión de la membrana en manos y pies (mayor en T.
sornozai), la presencia de melanóforos en las manos y
pies (mayor en R. orejuela), el color del iris (gris oscuro
con un anillo circumpupilar amarillo en R. orejuela, vs.
dorado con reticulaciones oscuras en T. sornozai), y el
tamaño corporal (mayor en R. orejuela). Sin embargo,
la adquisición de mayor material de R. orejuela y la re-
evaluación de los especímenes asignados a T. sornozai
permitieron determinar que ambos nombres correspon-
den a una misma especie. Las diferencias observadas
en los especímenes asignados a Teratohyla sornozai se
deben a variación intraespecífica (por ejemplo, el co-
lor del iris) o a cambios ontogénicos (los juveniles de
R. orejuela presentan menos melanóforos en las patas,
una mayor extensión en las membranas manuales y pe-
diales). La variación en la forma del hocico parece co-
rresponder a un patrón común observado en varias espe-
cies de Centrolenidae, donde los juveniles tienen el ho-
cico proyectado en vista lateral o de perfil. Basados en
esta nueva evidencia, colocamos a Teratohyla sornozai
Cisneros-Heredia, Yánez-Muñoz y Ortega-Andrade co-
mo un sinónimo junior de Rulyrana orejuela Duellman
y Burrowes (Figuras 1–2). Con este cambio, el núme-
ro de localidades conocidas para Rulyrana orejuela en
Ecuador se incrementa a cuatro: Mashpi, Saguangal [3],
Río Naranjal y Canadé [1].
Figura 1: Rulyrana orejuela adulto (DHMECN 04000)
Figura 2: Rulyrana orejuela juvenil (DHMECN 04308, holotipo de
Teratohyla sornozai)
http://www.usfq.edu.ec/avances/articulos/B3-2-3-2010
Avances, 2010, Vol. 2, No.3, Pags. B3-B4
Avances, 2010, Vol. 2, No.3, Pags. B3-B4 Cisneros-Heredia et al.
Agradecimientos
Los autores de este artículo agradecemos la gentileza
de Marco Rada quien compartió su información sobre
la variación ontogénica de Rulyrana orejuela.
Referencias
[1] Cisneros-Heredia, D., Yánez-Muñoz, M., and Ortega-
Andrade, H. 2009. “Description of a New Species of Te-
ratohyla Taylor (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Centroleni-
dae) from North-Western Ecuador”. Zootaxa. 2227, 53–
62.
[2] Duellman, W. and Burrowes, P. 1989. “New Species of
Frogs, Centrolenella, from the Pacific Versant of Ecua-
dor and Southern Colombia”. Occasional Papers of the
Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas.
132, 1–14.
[3] Yánez-Muñoz, M. and Cisneros-Heredia, D. 2008. “No-
tes on Geographic Distribution. Amphibia, Anura, Cen-
trolenidae: Cochranella orejuela, First Country Records
from Ecuador”. Check List. 4, 50–54.
... Taxonomic Remarks: Teratohyla sornozai was synonymized with Sachatamia orejuela by Cisneros-Heredia et al. [287]. Examination of the type series of T. sornozai showed that all differences that separated it from S. orejuela were expressions of ontogenetic and intraspecific variation of the later. ...
Glassfrogs of Ecuador: Diversity, Evolution, and Conservation
Article
Full-text available
Glassfrogs (family: Centrolenidae) represent a fantastic radiation (~150 described species) of Neotropical anurans that originated in South America and dispersed into Central America. In this study, we review the systematics of Ecuadorian glassfrogs, providing species accounts of all 60 species, including three new species described herein. For all Ecuadorian species, we provide new information on the evolution, morphology, biology, conservation, and distribution. We present a new molecular phylogeny for Centrolenidae and address cryptic diversity within the family. We employ a candidate species system and designate 24 putative new species that require further study to determine their species status. We find that, in some cases, currently recognized species lack justification; specifically, we place Centrolene gemmata and Centrolene scirtetes under the synonymy of Centrolene lynchi; C. guanacarum and C. bacata under the synonymy of Centrolene sanchezi; Cochranella phryxa under the synonymy of Cochranella resplendens; and Hyalinobatrachium ruedai under the synonymy of Hyalinobatrachium munozorum. We also find that diversification patterns are mostly congruent with allopatric speciation, facilitated by barriers to gene flow (e.g., valleys, mountains, linearity of the Andes), and that niche conservatism is a dominant feature in the family. Conservation threats are diverse, but habitat destruction and climate change are of particular concern. The most imperiled glassfrogs in Ecuador are Centrolene buckleyi, C. charapita, C. geckoidea, C. medemi, C. pipilata, Cochranella mache, Nymphargus balionotus, N. manduriacu, N. megacheirus, and N. sucre, all of which are considered Critically Endangered. Lastly, we identify priority areas for glassfrog conservation in Ecuador.
... However, we prefer to wait for the results of the work of others (M. A. Rada, in prep.) that include a cladistic analysis of large set of phenotypic characters to test the absence of diagnostic characters. Our topology confirms the assignment of Rulyrana orejuela (where it was placed without discussion by Cisneros-Heredia et al. 2011 to Sachatamia. Although this relationship was implicit in the trees of Castroviejo-Fisher et al. (2014), it was not discussed. ...
A review of Northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species
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Peru is well known for amphibian diversity and endemism, yet there have been relatively few field studies of glassfrog (Centrolenidae) diversity in this country. Research in Colombia and Ecuador indicates that centrolenid diversity is higher in the northern Andes. However, part of this trend appears to be due to sampling effort. We conducted fieldwork through- out northern Peru, and based on phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, combined with bioacoustic and morphological analyses of new and available material we now recognize 33 species from the country (versus 30 species prior to this work). Field surveys led to the discovery of four remarkable species: Centrolene charapita new species is a large, orna- mented glassfrog that appears to be sister to Ce. geckoideum; Chimerella corleone new species represents the second- known member of the genus Chimerella; Cochranella guayasamini new species is the second-known member of the ge- nus with humeral spines; and Hyalinobatrachium anachoretus new species occurs in the cloud forest of the east-Andean versant in Peru. In addition to the new species described here, we provide new country records, new localities including range extensions of up to 875 km, information on diagnostic characters and phylogenetic relationships, call and larval de- scriptions, and observations on natural history for several Peruvian centrolenids. Our results also revealed several taxo- nomic problems concerning species of the genus Rulyrana, and we conclude that R. croceopodes and R. tangarana are junior synonyms of R. saxiscandens. By implication of our phylogenetic analyses, we recognize the following new com- binations: Espadarana audax new combination, Espadarana durrelorum new combination, and Espadarana fernandoi new combination.
Catálogo de Anfibios y Reptiles de Colombia Vol 4 (2)
Article
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  • Jun 2018
Sachatamia orejuela (Duellman y Burrowes, 1989)
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  • May 2018
Nymphargus cristinae (Ruíz-Carranza y Lynch, 1995)
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Supplementary Appendices S1-S9 and S11
Data
Full-text available
  • Jun 2013
Description Of A New Species Of Teratohyla Taylor (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Centrolenidae) From North-Western Ecuador
Article
Full-text available
We describe a new species of Glassfrog of the family Centrolenidae. This new taxon, Terarohyla sornozai sp. nov., is diagnosed by having a protruding snout in lateral profile, uniform green dorsal colouration in life, concealed prepollex, extensive webbing between the outer fingers, fully webbed toes, and small body size. It inhabits the Non-Seasonal Evergreen Foothill and Lowland forests in the provinces of Esmeraldas, Imbabura, and Pichincha, north-western Ecuador.
Description of a new species of Teratohyla Taylor (Amphibia: Athesphatanura:Centrolenidae) from north-western Ecuador
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 2009
We describe a new species of Glassfrog of the family Centrolenidae. This new taxon, Terarohyla sornozai sp. nov., is diagnosed by having a protruding snout in lateral profile, uniform green dorsal colouration in life, concealed prepollex, extensive webbing between the outer fingers, fully webbed toes, and small body size. It inhabits the Non-Seasonal Evergreen Foothill and Lowland forests in the provinces of Esmeraldas, Imbabura, and Pichincha, north-western Ecuador.
Amphibia, Anura, Centrolenidae: Cochranella orejuela , first country records from Ecuador
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2008
New Species of Frogs, Centrolenella, from the Pacific Versant of Ecuador and Southern Colombia". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas
  • Jan 1989
  • 1-14
  • W Duellman
  • P Burrowes
Duellman, W. and Burrowes, P. 1989. "New Species of Frogs, Centrolenella, from the Pacific Versant of Ecuador and Southern Colombia". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas. 132, 1-14.