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Therapeutic skills for working with refugee families: an introductory course at the Institute of Family Therapy
... It occurred before the session to hypothesise together after the therapists had individually prepared a series of hypotheses that they believed would be relevant; it occurred in the mid-session during the formulation of an overall hypothesis and prescription for the family, and post-session to gauge family receipt of the prescription, therapeutic effect and assess therapists. Edwards and Patterson (2006) and Singh (2005) also note that trainees look to supervisors and colleagues for instruction, reflection and modelling. Students mentioned the following regarding working with a team of professionals: ...
... Live supervision with team support offers supportive dialogue as the family observes, may externalise oppression and expand on success and resilience, creating a network of support for the isolated (Singh, 2005;Estrada, 2005). This is particularly relevant for South African families that have been marginalised and/or oppressed, and who cannot conceptualise themselves as worthy to experience a different life. ...
This article discusses a qualitative review of a Family Therapy Practice module through student responses to a series of key question. Authors cite uncensored features of strength and developmental areas as articulated by students who acknowledge the power and emancipatory potential of reflection and engagement in their own landscape of learning. The postmodern theoretical underpinning used in the module and the review incorporates diversity, power negotiation and fluidity of roles. The review serves simultaneously to empower students whilst challenging and re-shaping service to families and communities.
... This approach is useful in understanding risk profiles for people who may need additional psychological screening or services but caution must be exercised when relying on generalisations. In most cases, this research has shown that being an older refugee or a woman results in worse outcomes in resettlement (Majka & Mullan, 1992;Porter & Haslam, 2001, 2005; S. M. . Qualitative research has shown that older adults may have special concerns related to feelings that they are "aging in the wrong place" (Hugman, Bartolomei, & Pittaway, 2004). ...
... Establishing access and equity across services for refugees requires an examination of the special needs of refugee communities from an organisational perspective. Several recommendations have been made to help overcome current injustices, such as making available training programs for service providers (Singh, 2005). For organisations that feel adequate training is already in place, checklists for achieving adequate levels of multicultural proficiency have been proposed by Dana and Matheson (1992) and Davidson (1999). ...
... Other research, which investigated the relation between demographic variables and refugee outcomes in resettlement, may be useful in understanding risk profiles for people who require additional psychological screening or services; but caution must be exercised when relying on generalisations. Such research has shown that being an older refugee or a woman results in worse outcomes in resettlement (Majka & Mullan, 1992;Porter & Haslam, 2001, 2005Weine et al., 1998). Qualitative research has shown that older adults may have special concerns related to feelings that they are "aging in the wrong place" (Hugman, Bartolomei, & Pittaway, 2004). ...
... Promoting access and equity across services for refugees requires an examination both of the special needs of refugee communities and of organisations and professionals providing services. The availability of training programs for service providers has been identified as an issue of importance for these organisations and professionals (Singh, 2005). For organisations already providing training, checklists for achieving adequate levels of multicultural proficiency have been proposed by Dana and Matheson (1992) and Davidson (1999). ...
This review covers refugee mental health and wellbeing within the Australian context to assist psychologists who provide services for, or who conduct research with, refugees. It provides a brief overview of the refugee movement, prior to examining evidence relating to the impacts of pre-displacement, displacement and resettlement factors on psychological adjustment in the resettlement phase, and the systemic and sociopolitical factors that influence the process of adaptation during resettlement. Australian findings suggest that mental health and wellbeing outcomes are influenced by a complexity of pre-displacement, displacement, resettlement and systemic factors; the detention or award of temporary residence to refugees who are already experiencing psychological distress on arrival are cases in point. Limitations of the findings are considered. More research into the combined, pathwise relations between the psychosocial pre-determinants and psychological sequelae of the refugee experience is required. Finally, suggestions for the development of practice, training and ethical guidelines are offered.
... Ante esto, se han hecho varias recomendaciones para ayudar a superar las injusticias actuales, tales como la puesta a disposición de programas de capacitación para los proveedores de servicios (Singh, 2005) o las listas de verificación para lograr niveles adecuados de competencia multicultural, propuestas por Dana y Matheson (1992), Davidson (1999) y Davidson et al. (2004). También se añade el análisis de las relaciones intragrupos, como lo son "su perfil demográfico, su estructura interna, su cultura de origen y su trayectoria migratoria" (Cuberos, 2015, p. 181). ...
Los conflictos armados y la persecución, que llegaron a su apogeo en 2015, han causado un nuevo recórd en el número de personas forzadas a abandonar sus hogares. En Grecia se registraron 66.966 solicitantes de asilo durante el año fiscal 2018, mientras en España durante los cinco primeros meses de 2019, más de 45.000 personas han solicitado protección internacional. En el caso de los Estados Unidos, durante el año 2017, unas 53,691 personas han sido reconocidas como refugiados. Se considera que, mundialmente, más del 50% de las personas refugiadas corresponde a menores de edad, los que tienen una serie de derechos establecidos por las normas internacionales, como por ejemplo el derecho a la educación. Esta investigación mide las actitudes de los adultos griegos, españoles y puertorriqueños hacia los menores refugiados utilizando una encuesta cuantitativa. En total participaron 215 griegos, 180 españoles y 140 puertorriqueños. Resultados: la mayor parte de los encuestados respetan los derechos de los menores refugiados. De la misma manera, los datos revelaron que los encuestados tienen una actitud positiva en cuanto a la recepción de los menores refugiados.
... The pile-up of stresses without social support or hope can lead families to the extremes of splitting up or domestic violence (Boss, 2002). The numerous acute and chronic stresses linked to the experiences of relocating and adjusting to a new culture place refugee families at increased risk for family crises leading to depression and anxiety, alcohol or drug abuse, neglect and child abuse (Ater, 2008;Pumareiga et al., 2005;Singh, 2005). Perhaps based on their past complex experiences with the CIA, Hmong refugees also exhibit a strong sense of distrust to the US Government (Hendricks, 1986). ...
Purpose – Without some flexibility, replications of manualised evidence-based programmes (EBP) may not achieve predictable outcomes due to differences in cultural priorities. In this case study, Families and Schools Together (FAST) was co-produced with elders from a community of Hmong political refugees in the US Mid-West. The paper aims to describe and evaluate the process of culturally adapting and implementing this universal parenting programme.
Design/methodology/approach – Observations of FAST groups to monitor programme integrity and notes on adaptation discussions were undertaken. Quantitative evaluations of parents in the first cohort (2 FAST groups) used a wait-list control, randomised strategy, using three standardised instruments completed by the parents three different times. Data from five matched pairs of parent graduates (10) randomly assigned to ‘‘FAST now’’ or ‘‘FAST later’’ were analysed using one-tailed, paired t-tests.
Findings – Hmong parents and elders reported satisfaction on the cultural fit of FAST across the four groups, which graduated on average seven families each. Of 38 low-income families who attended FAST once, 78 percent attended six or more sessions, in other words 22 percent dropped out. Parents reported statistically significant improvements in child anxiety (CBCL internalizing), child social skills (SSRS) and family adaptability (FACES II), with no changes in CBCL externalizing or family cohesion.
Originality/value – The paper provides a detailed study and evaluation of how an EBP can be successfully implemented with a highly socially marginalized group of immigrants in a Western society.
... Furthermore, refugee service providers and health care professionals need to be aware of the relationship between family factors and psychiatric symptoms. The growing recognition of the importance of the family in influencing individual mental health in refugee groups is reflected in the recent focus on family-level interventions for refugees (Betancourt & Williams, 2008;Dybdahl, 2001;Singh, 2005;Weine et al., 2006;Weine et al., 2004;Weine et al., 2003). Despite this emphasis, the impact of treatment focusing on the family unit on psychological disorders has not yet been systematically evaluated. ...
... There were a few significant papers on training and diversity (Divac and Heaphy, 2005;Kaplan and Small, 2005;Singh, 2005). Kaplan and Small (2005) found that recruitment strategies, mentorships, partnerships with outside organizations, provision of a long-term institutional commitment, biracial collaborations and institutional change were key components of their programme for increasing the recruitment of people from ethnic minorities into their family therapy training programme in the USA. ...
In this paper the principal English-language family therapy journals published in 2005 are reviewed under the following headings: research in family therapy, couples, families and wider systems, parental alimentation syndrome, diversity, training, and deaths.
Within systemic training there is an increasing focus on integrating trainees' personal life experiences and beliefs with their practice. In this paper we present a mapping exercise that is used to help trainees explore their own support needs and the resources they draw upon in order to carry out their work. Although this exercise was developed from training carried out with professionals working with refugees it is our belief that it can be used by any professional groups who wish to explore their own support needs within a learning environment.
Training programs committed to the development of culturally competent family therapists must discover ways to raise cultural awareness and increase cultural sensitivity. While awareness involves gaining knowledge of various cultural groups, sensitivity involves having experiences that challenge individuals to explore their personal cultural issues. This article outlines how the cultural genogram can be used as an effective training tool to promote both cultural awareness and sensitivity.
Exploring the Unsaid. Creativity, Risks, and Dilemmas in Working Cross-Culturally
- B Mason
- A Sawyer
Mason, B. and Sawyer, A. (eds) (2002) Exploring the Unsaid. Creativity, Risks, and Dilemmas in Working Cross-Culturally. London: Karnac.