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Implications for evaluation of drug dependency treatment based on data provided by a management information system
... Early evaluations and issues from outpatient drug free (Kleber & Slobetz, 1979), therapeutic communities (De Leon & Rosenthal, 1979), and national multimodality treatment settings (Sells, 1979) pointed to the importance of motivation, during treatment process, retention, and evaluation designs. Citing this work, Jaffe (1979, p. 9) concluded, bThe evidence is overwhelming that while in treatment in a variety of programs, and for varying periods thereafter, a significant proportion of drug users exhibit substantial improvement in a number of areas.Q He added, bWhat is still at issue is not that change occurs, but rather the degree of change which can be attributed to the treatment process.Q Equally important papers addressed the roles of information management and organizational issues (Deitch, 1979;Sells & Simpson, 1979), transitional aftercare treatment systems (B. S. Brown & Ashery, 1979), and mandated correctional treatment systems (McGlothlin, 1979). ...
Systematic evaluations of efforts to transfer research-based interventions and procedures into general practice at community drug treatment programs have been limited. However, practical experiences as well as results from studies of technology transfer and organizational behavior in related fields provide a basis for proposing a heuristic model of key factors that influence this process. The successful completion of four stages of activity typically involved in program change (exposure, adoption, implementation, and practice of new interventions) appears to be influenced by several organizational considerations (e.g., institutional readiness for change, resources, and climate) as well as staff attributes. Assessment instruments for measuring organizational functioning (based on ratings aggregated for staff and patients in a program) are introduced, along with preliminary evidence for their validity. A better conceptual understanding of the process of program change and common barriers that may be encountered is needed for effectively transferring research to practice.
... Early evaluations and issues from outpatient drug free (Kleber & Slobetz, 1979), therapeutic communities (De Leon & Rosenthal, 1979), and national multimodality treatment settings (Sells, 1979) pointed to the importance of motivation, during treatment process, retention, and evaluation designs. Citing this work, Jaffe (1979, p. 9) concluded, bThe evidence is overwhelming that while in treatment in a variety of programs, and for varying periods thereafter, a significant proportion of drug users exhibit substantial improvement in a number of areas.Q He added, bWhat is still at issue is not that change occurs, but rather the degree of change which can be attributed to the treatment process.Q Equally important papers addressed the roles of information management and organizational issues (Deitch, 1979;Sells & Simpson, 1979), transitional aftercare treatment systems (B. S. Brown & Ashery, 1979), and mandated correctional treatment systems (McGlothlin, 1979). ...
Evidence from specialized treatment evaluations and large-scale natural studies of treatment effectiveness is organized conceptually into a "treatment model" for summarizing how drug treatment works. Sequential relationships between patient and treatment program attributes, early patient engagement, recovery stages, retention, and favorable outcomes are discussed--along with behavioral, cognitive, and skills training interventions that have been shown to be effective for enhancing specific stages of the patient recovery process. Applications of the treatment model for incorporating science-based innovations into clinical practice for improving early engagement and retention, performance measurements of patient progress, program monitoring and management using aggregated patient records, and organizational functioning and systems change also are addressed.
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