ArticlePDF Available

Abstract

The most important pharmacologically active constituents in propolis are flavanoids with a broad spectrum of biological activities varying with their chemical composition. Propolis chemical composition depends on the floral and geographical origin present at the site of collection and thus in the climatic characteristics. However, until now, no mitochondrial functions in relation to stress and apoptotic process were determined. We hypothesized that propolis effects could be due to a direct action on mitochondrial functions. We evaluated whether polyphenols compounds had preventive properties against renal oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin. We present here an analytical and pharmacological study of the eastern Algerian propolis using Thin layer Chrommatography (TLC), Ultra Violet-High Phase Liquid Chromatography (UV-HPLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The pharmacological study was carried out in vivo on wistar rat pre-treated with propolis extract 100 mg/kg/day for 7 days. Doxorubicin at 10 mg/kg of body weight was administered intravenously on day 7th. Serum creatinine concentration, scavenging effect of flavonoids, lipid peroxydation (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) concentration were measured. Chemical analysis allowed identification and quantification of the phenolic compounds including pinostrombin chalcone(38.91%), galangin(18.95), naringenin(14.27%), tectochrysin(25.09%), methoxychrysin(1.14%) and a prenylated coumarin compound suberosin (1.65%). The total flavonoid concentration in the propolis extract determined by aluminum chloride colorimetric method was 370 mg (quercetin equivalents QE) /g dry weight of propolis extract (QE/g DWPE). Data suggest protective effects of an Algerian propolis extract against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stresses. It restored the renal functions and clearly reduced the toxic effect of the drug.
A preview of the PDF is not available
... 1 Doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress in renal tissues is characterized by elevated malondialdehyde (a marker of lipid peroxidation) and lowered reduced glutathione levels 4,7,8 ; as well as lowered activities of catalase, 2 glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. 3,8,9 In addition to oxidative damage, doxorubicin toxicity also induces inflammatory changes in kidney tissues. 8,10 Doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity causes increased capillary porousness and glomerular shrinking. ...
... 12,17 Metformin ameliorates tubular injury by regulating oxidative stress and restoring biochemical alterations in renal tubules, 12 as well as by anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. 14,18 Studies have shown that doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage to the kidney can be mitigated or prevented by treatment with natural antioxidants; 9,10,19 hence necessitating the investigation of various natural sources of antioxidants. The leaves of Chromolaena odorata and T procumbens are rich in potent antioxidants such as allicin, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, lycopene, naringenin, quercetin and silymarin. ...
... [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] These antioxidants have been variously reported to exert nephro-protective effects via attenuation of oxidative stress in the kidney, induced by doxorubicin, oxytetracycline, cadmium or gentamicin. 2,5,8,9,10,19,[27][28][29][30][31][32] Various studies have reported the anti-hypertensive, antidyslipidaemic, weight reducing, 22,24,25,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39] hepato-protective and anti-diabetic activities of leaf-extracts of C odorata and T procumbens. 21,[40][41][42][43][44] Their anticancer [45][46][47] and antioxidant [48][49][50][51][52] activities have also been reported. ...
Article
Full-text available
Background: The major draw-back of doxorubicin's use in chemotherapy is its toxicity on various organs including the kidneys. This study investigated the potential protective role of aqueous leaf-extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Tridax procumbens against nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin. Methods: To this end, their impact on plasma biomarkers of kidney function, as well as renal lipid profile, biomarkers of oxidative stress, electrolyte profile and activities of renal ATPases was monitored in doxorubicin treated rats. Metformin (250 mg/kg body weight, orally) and the extracts (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, orally) were daily administered for 14 days; while nephrotoxicity was induced with doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, intra-peritioneally), once on the 12th day of study. Results: The plasma concentrations of creatinine, and urea; as well as the renal malondialdehyde, cholesterol, calcium and sodium concentrations in the Test control, were significantly (P < .05) higher than those of all the other groups. However, the renal concentrations of ascorbic acid, chloride, magnesium and potassium, and the renal activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase superoxide dismutase, Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Na+,K+-ATPase in the Test control were significantly (P < .05) lower than those of all the other groups. Conclusions: Pre-treatment with the extracts and metformin boosted endogenous antioxidants, and prevented doxorubicin-induced renal damage, as indicated by the attenuation of doxorubicin-induced renal oxidative stress, as well as the attenuation of doxorubicin-induced adverse alterations in renal cholesterol, ATPases and electrolyte balance, and plasma biomarkers of kidney function, and keeping them at near-normal values.
... As a natural product of the beehive and for thousands years, propolis extracts have been used internally and externally as a healing agent in traditional medicine [4]. The propolis chemical composition depends on its floral origin, geographical conditions and region climatic characteristics [5,6]. It is composed of 50% vegetable resin and balm, 30% wax, 10% essential and aromatic oils, 5% pollen and 5% of several substances including organic debris [7]. ...
... The extraction of useful polyphenols was carried out in the Laboratory of food technology and biochemistry of the life Sciences Faculty of Tiaret. The 10 samples of propolis were purified by traditional method that consists of mixing 10 g of the raw propolis with 100 ml of ethanol at 70% in flasks with periodic stirring using an electromagnetic stirrer for a duration of 15 days in the dark [4,5,16]. The filtration of the ethanolic solution of the raw propolis was ensured using Whatman paper, the filtrate was put into boxes of moldings the evaporation of the ethanol was made in a drying oven at 45˚C, the propolis extracts were obtained by scratching and kept in darkness at 4°C. ...
Chapter
Propolis in Algeria is different in its composition and physical parameter, this fact could be due to the diversity of the climate and the geographic areas from which propolis is usually harvested. The study published in 2019 evaluate the pH, the total polyphenols and flavonoids contents in propolis. The samples were labeled from P1 to P10, collected from different ecosystems in Algeria (Est, West, Center and South).This study showed that the richest propolis samples of Algeria in total flavonoid and total polyphenol contents were the ones collected from the southern (P10) and the western regions (P6 and P8). In 2020 recent in vitro study showed the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of propolis varieties with high total polyphenols and flavonoids contents, which were chosen beforehand from an analysis made of 10 propolis samples. The study revealed that EEAP of LAGHOUAT with high polyphenols and flavonoids contents exhibits a strong antibacterial activity, and it may be indicated as an alternative solution for the treatment of staphylococcal osteomyelitis. On the other side, another in vivo study using a French propolis was published in 2014 regarding the role of propolis in osteointegration enhancement in allograft autoclaved implanted in femur of dogs. This study has shown how the propolis accelerates the osteointegration of the allograft covered with propolis, to follow up that process radiologically until obtaining a total consolidation. The results showed that the use of a graft covered with propolis enhances and accelerates the osteointegration process.
... [ Downloaded from tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir on 2022-[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] ...
... [ DOI:10.52547/iau.31.4.388 ] [ DOR: 20.1001.1.10235922.1400.31.4.5.9 ][ Downloaded from tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir on 2022-[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] ...
... Rezende et al. (2006), had reported the antimicrobial activity of propolis against Grampositive bacteria and yeast. The chemical composition of propolis depends on its floral origin, climate and geographical conditions (Lahouel et al., 2010). A case of compound fracture of metatarsus in a dog treated with a prepared propolis paste during surgery and postoperative care, is described. ...
... In this context, Rezende [3] has previously reported the antimicrobial activity of propolis against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. Nevertheless, the chemical composition of the propolis depends on its floral origin, climate and geographical conditions [4]. ...
Article
The antimicrobial activity of propolis extracts is well documented. Nevertheless, the properties of the Algerian propolis are poorly investigated. This fact could be due to the diversity of the climate and the geographic areas from which propolis is usually harvested. The present work is a contribution to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of propolis varieties with high total polyphenols and flavonoids contents, chosen beforehand from an analysis made of 10 propolis samples. The disk diffusion method was employed to determine the antistaphylococcal activity of three EEAP (ethanolic extract of Algerian propolis) samples, at different concentrations (5%, 10, 20 and 30%), against a reference bacterium strain of Staphylococcus aureus, the most redoubtable agent in osteomyelitis. Inhibitory zone diameters for the tested bacterium were 14.99 mm for EEAP at 5% concentration, 16.41 mm at 10%, 18.08 mm at 20% and 19.16 mm at 30%, respectively. Our in vitro study revealed that EEAP with high polyphenols and flavonoids contents exhibit a strong antibacterial activity, and it may be indicated as an alternative solution for the treatment of staphylococcal osteomyelitis.
Article
The protective effect of ethanolic propolis extract (PE) in the toxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapy drug, has been reported previously. Since ethanol usage has some restrictions, in the present study, olive oil as an alternative to ethanol has been tested in DOX-induced hepatorenal injury and the effectiveness of the two extracts were compared. Male rats were orally given PE or oily propolis extract (PO) for 15 days (50 mg/kg/day) and DOX was injected (15 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) on the 13th day. The animals were sacrificed and then hepatorenal oxidative stress and functional parameters were evaluated. DOX-induced reduction in hepatorenal functions and oxidative stress were significantly reduced in both propolis treatment groups. Treatment with PO was more effective in reducing DOX-induced oxidative stress, yet both extracts showed similar efficacy in improving hepatorenal functions. We suggest that the PO could be preferred to avoid the side effects of ethanol.
Article
Full-text available
As the human life expectancy increases, age-linked diseases have become more and more frequent. The worldwide increment of dementia cases demands medical solutions, but the current available drugs do not meet all the expectations. Recently the attention of the scientific community was attracted by natural compounds, used in ancient medicine, known for their beneficial effects and high tolerability. All these evidences suggest a potential role of the compounds of ginger not only in the treatment of the disease, but also in its prevention.. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a common and widely used spice. It is rich in various chemical constituents, including phenolic compounds, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, and raw fibers. The health benefits of ginger are mainly attributed to its phenolic compounds, such as gingerols and shogaols. This review is focused on Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and explore its properties against Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia, two of the most common and devastating forms of dementia. This work resumes the beneficial effects of Ginger compounds, tested in computational in vitro and in vivo models of Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia, along with some human tests.
Article
Full-text available
A pesar los beneficios conocidos de los propóleos, hay poca información sobre las abejas sin aguijón de la región del Soconusco, Chiapas, México. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las propiedades antioxidantes y antimicrobianas de los extractos etanólicos de propóleos de estas abejas S. aureus. Los extractos se analizaron y la capacidad antioxidante se determinó mediante ensayo ABTS. La mejor actividad bactericida se presentó a una concentración de 4 mg/mL para Melipona solani de Izapa y 3 mg/mL para Scaptotrigona mexicana de Izapa,. Scaptotrigona mexicana registró el mejor efecto antioxidante. Naringenina y ácido ferúlico fueron los compuestos más abundantes. A pesar de su tamaño pequeño y carecer de carácter agresivo, los propóleos de estas abejas parecen tener el mismo potencial de especies más conocidas.
Article
Full-text available
The mechanisms of action of propolis can be studied in detail by comparing the effects of propolis and the effects of its constituent components. aim: To clarify and compare the effects of Bulgarian propolis and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE, a chemically synthesized component of propolis)-by using a set of cellular, molecular-biological and immunological techniques. material and methods: The McCoy-Plovdiv cell line was treated with propolis and САРЕ in increasing concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/L, and 2.5, 4, 8, 16 mg/L, respectively). The expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the tumour-suppressor protein p53 was studied immunocytochemically. Apoptosis was measured using a highly sensitive microgel electrophoresis technique (comet assay). results: The results of the study showed corresponding changes in the expression of the examined proliferative antigens. PCNA was detected in all examined concentrations of the tested substances the expression being dose-dependent. Molecule localization changed from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Treatment with САРЕ brought about gradual attenua-tion of PCNA expression. high propolis concentrations induced increased synthesis of p53. No p53 expression was found when cells were treated with САРЕ. The studied substances in their highest concentrations (10 mg/L propolis and 16 mg/L САРЕ) had a cytotoxic effect. The comet assay showed DNA degradation kinetics characteristic for apoptosis. conclusions: The present study demonstrates that high concentrations of propolis and САРЕ cause apoptosis-induced cell death in McCoy-Plovdiv cells.
Article
Full-text available
Propolis is a natural product which exhibits pronounced antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. To analyze the chemical composition and antimicrobial effect of Bulgarian propolis, p-cumaric acid and ferulic acid on certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Ethanol extract of Bulgarian propolis (Propolin) and water extract of Bulgarian propolis (Propolstom), ferulic acid and p-cumaric acid were used. The chemical HPLC-analysis of propolis was performed with Varian Prostar system. Microbiological tests were done on isolates of Streptococcus beta-haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. Non-treated and ethanol-treated cultures of the corresponding strains were used as controls. Minimal bactericidal and bacteriostatic concentration of Propolin were determined by agar method. The concentration of p-cumaric acid and ferulic acid in ethanol extract of propolis is about 1%. The minimal bactericidal concentration of Bulgarian propolis against Streptococcus beta-haemolyticus is 281 +/- 89.3 microg/ml, against Enterococcus faecalis--3490 +/- 633.1 microg/ml, against Candida albicans--1375 +/- 255.2 microg/ml, and against Escherichia coli--24306 +/- 1706.4 microg/ml. The minimal bactericidal concentration of p-cumaric acid and ferulic acid against Streptococcus beta-haemolyticus is 212 +/- 6.5 microg/ml and 208 +/- 7.7 microg/ml, against Enterococcus faecalis--3013 +/- 176.6 and 3032 +/- 203.4 microg/ml, against Candida albicans--157 +/- 15.5 microg/ml and 149 +/- 23.2 microg/ml, and against Escherichia coli--798 +/- 7.7 microg/ml and 801 +/- 22.8 microg/ml, respectively. The phenolic compounds p-cumaric acid and ferulic acid are 10 times less extracted in water extraction than in ethanol extraction. The most susceptible strains to the Bulgarian propolis and phenolic compounds are Streptococcus beta-haemolyticus and Candida albicans and the least affected are Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis.
Article
Full-text available
Oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Propolis and its extract have antioxidant properties. The effect of ethanolic extract of propolis against experimental diabetes mellitus-associated changes was examined. Diabetes was induced experimentally in rats by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in a dose of 60 mg/kg bwt for 3 successive days. Blood urea nitrogen (BNU), creatinine, glucose, lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA) and urinary albumin were measured. Superoxide dimutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and MDA were measured in the renal tissue. The results showed decreased body weight and increased kidney weight in diabetic animals. Compared to the control normal rats, diabetic rats had higher blood glucose, BNU, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), MDA and urinary albumin and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Moreover, renal tissue MDA was markedly increased while SOD, GSH and CAT were significantly decreased. Oral administration of propolis extract in doses of 100,200 & 300 mg/kg bwt improved the body and kidney weights, serum glucose, lipid profile, MDA and renal function tests. Renal GSH, SOD and CAT were significantly increased while MDA was markedly reduced. These results may suggest a strong antioxidant effect of propolis which can ameliorate oxidative stress and delay the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy in diabetes mellitus.
Article
Full-text available
Oxidative stress has an important role in the pathogenesis of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective effects of fullerenol (FLR), an antioxidant agent, on DOX-induced nephrotoxicity. The investigation was carried out on adult female Sprague Dawley outbred rats with chemically induced breast cancer (1-methyl-1-nitrosourea; 50 mg/kg; ip). Rats were divided into the following groups: control healthy, control cancer, DOX alone (8 mg/kg, ip, cancer), DOX plus FLR as a pre-treatment (8 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, ip, cancer), and FLR alone (100 mg/kg, ip, cancer). At the end of the 2nd day after drug administration, blood and kidney tissues were taken for analysis. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase as serum enzymes, as well as level of malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductases, catalase and superoxide dismutase, were determined. DOX caused nephrotoxicity, but FLR pre-treatment prevented oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and the disbalance of GSH/GSSG levels in kidney tissue caused by DOX. Our results confirm satisfactory nephroprotective efficacy of FLR in the acute phase of toxicity and encourage further studies regarding its use as a potential nephroprotector.
Article
Article
Reactive oxygen species are widely believed to be involved in the etiology of many diseases as indicated by the signs of oxidative stress seen in those diseases. Conversely, antioxidants are believed to be protective. An important part of the supporting evidence is the consistently-seen inverse association between, on the one hand, intake of β-carotene and vitamin C and of fruit and vegetables, and, on the other hand, risk of cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the failure of supplemental β-carotene to prevent these diseases in intervention trials suggests that the associations for that nutrient reflect confounding rather than cause and effect. With respect to other antioxidants there is inconsistent evidence that supplements of vitamin E may have some ability to prevent cancer and CHD while selenium may prevent cancer. Overall, the role of oxidative stress in disease, especially cancer and CHD, has probably been overstated; other components of the diet (other nutrients, phytochemicals and dietary fiber) likely play a significantly greater role. The possible benefits of supplements are discussed.
Article
The paracetamol and cyclophosphamid are metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450. The formed reactive intermediates are responsible of a hepatocyte depletion of the glutathion and a lipoperoxydation. the vinblastine is also a chemotherapeutic agent hepatotoxic and hematotoxic. Otherwise, flavonoïds are polyphenols substances of plant origin having some biological and anti-oxydative properties. However no information is available on their effects on glutathion and glutathion-s-transferases. In our research, we valued the effect of oral administration of flavonoids (diosmine and quercetine) under shape of propolis extract to 60 mg/kg daily during 14 days, on hematological and hepatic toxicity of a single dose of cyclophosphamide 80 mg/kg by intravenous way, vinblastine 2 mg/kg by intravenous way and the hepatic toxicity of the paracetamol managed by oral way to 200 mg/kg corresponding to 2/3 the DL50 at the rat female albinos wistar. We did a blood numeration, an assessment of serum activities of transaminases and alkali phosphatases as well as quantification of the glutathion and the malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenats of rats treated. Analyses are done at regular intervals; 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after the administration of drugs. In the group of rats treated by the cyclophosphamid paracetamol alone we observed since the 1st day, an increase of lipid peroxide (MDA) of 120% and a downfall of hepatic glutathion including the group receiving the vinblastine (until 210% of reduction). In the same way a severe leucopenia and a thrombopenia (70% of reduction) are observed between the 3rd and the 14th day at rats treated by the chemotherapeutic agents alone (cyclophosphamide and vinblastine). The combination of flavonoids with drugs have clearly reduced the effect of drugs toxicity. Indeed, the aplasic observed with the vinblastine, as well as the leucopenia and thrombopenia of the cyclophosphamide are corrected entirely. In the same way, we noted a restoration of rates of peroxide and glutathion. Flavonoïds seem to act by activation of the turn over of the glutathion and enzymes stimulating particularly glutathion-s-transferases permitting the captation of the reactive metabolites of the studied drugs.
Article
A water-soluble (at pH 8) aromatic disulfide [5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)] has been synthesized and shown to be useful for determination of sulfhydryl groups. Several applications have been made to show its usefulness for biological materials. A study of the reaction of this disulfide with blood has produced some evidence for the splitting of disulfide bonds by reduced heme.
Article
Doxorubicin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, can give rise to severe cardiotoxicity that limits its clinical use by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Protection or alleviation of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity can be achieved by administration of natural phenolic compounds via activating endogenous defense systems and antiapoptosis. Naringenin-7-O-glucoside (NARG), isolated from Dracocephalum rupestre Hance, has been demonstrated to protect against cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NARG on endogenous antioxidant enzymes against doxorubicin toxicity and the potential role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in regulation of NARG-induced Nrf2-dependent gene expression in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. The mRNA expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) was upregulated by NARG as detected by RT-PCR. NARG (10, 20, and 40microM) pretreatment increased NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), ERK, and Nrf2 protein levels in cardiomyocytes as detected by Western blotting. These results suggest that NARG could prevent cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced toxicity by induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes via phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and nuclear translocation of Nrf2.