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Fossil Crustacea of the Late Pleistocene Port Morant Formation,
west Port Morant Harbour, southeastern Jamaica
J.S.H. Collins, S.K. Donovan & T.A. Stemann
Collins, J.S.H., Donovan, S.K. & Stemann, T.A. Fossil Crustacea of the Late Pleistocene Port Morant
Formation, west Port Morant Harbour, southeastern Jamaica. Scripta Geologica, 138: 23-53, 7 pls., 1 fi g., 1
table, Leiden, March 2009.
Joe S.H. Collins, Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London,
SW7 5BD, and 8, Shaw’s Co ages, Perry Rise, Forest Hill, London SE23 2QN, England; Stephen K. Dono-
van, Department of Geology, Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Postbus 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden,
The Netherlands (donovan@naturalis.nl); Thomas A. Stemann, Department of Geography & Geology,
University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica (thomas.stemann@uwimona.edu.jm).
Key words – Jamaica, Pleistocene, Crustacea, Decapoda, Cirripedia.
The Late Pleistocene Port Morant Formation of southeast Jamaica is particularly rich in fossil marine
crustaceans. A new locality on the west side of Port Morant Harbour, parish of St. Thomas, has yielded
decapods including the callianassids Lepidophthalmus jamaicense? (Schmi ), Neocallichirus peraensis
Col
lins et al. and Neocallichirus? sp.; anomurans Petrochirus bahamensis (Herbst) and Paguristes sp. cf. P.
lymanni A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier; and brachyurans Hepatus praecox Collins et al., Persephona sp.,
Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, Mithraculus forceps A. Milne-Ed-
wards, aff . Hyas sp., Portunus vocans (A. Milne-Edwards), Achelous sebae (H. Milne Edwards), Actaea sp.
cf. A. bifrons Rathbun, Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards), Micropanope sp. aff . M. truncatiformis Rathbun
and Carpilius corallinus Herbst. Of the 17 species of decapod, only four, sparsely represented, are also
common to southeast Port Morant Harbour, where they are relatively common; two species are known
from other deposits in Jamaica; two from other Caribbean islands; and eight are Recent species new to
the fossil record of the Caribbean. Balanomorph cirripedes include three species, Chthalamus fragilis?
Darwin, Balanus eburneus Gould and Ceratochoncha sp. aff . C. barbadensis (Withers).
Contents
Introduction
.............................................................................................................................................................. 23
Locality and horizon
........................................................................................................................................... 24
Systematic palaeontology
................................................................................................................................ 25
Discussion
.................................................................................................................................................................. 34
Acknowledgements
............................................................................................................................................. 34
References
.................................................................................................................................................................. 34
Introduction
The best known fossil record of Plio-Pleistocene crustaceans of the Antillean region
is undoubtedly that of Jamaica (reviewed in Donovan et al., 2003; Collins et al., 2009b).
Available specimens are mainly disarticulated chelae, but identifi cation to at least ge-
neric level is commonly possible. Many species of decapod have been described from
units such as the Upper Pliocene Bowden shell beds (Collins & Portell, 1998), and the
upper Pleistocene Falmouth and Port Morant formations (Morris, 1993; Collins et al.,
1997; Collins & Donovan, 1998); these same successions have yielded a small diversity
of barnacles (Collins & Donovan, 1996). More complete decapods are rare, the best
24 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
known coming from the lower Pleistocene Old Pera Beds (Collins et al., 2001), although
moderately diverse carapace specimens are now known from the Upper Pliocene Hope-
gate Formation (R.W. Portell, research in progress). To these mainly marine species may
be added the sparse record of land crabs (Donovan & Dixon, 1998; Collins et al., 2009a).
Sub-fossil remains in archeological sites remain poorly known (e.g., Scudder, 2006,
ta
ble 8.3).
The decapod record of the Port Morant Formation is greatly enhanced by new col-
lections from the west side of Port Morant Harbour. Specimens discussed herein are
deposited in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, The Netherlands (RGM).
Our philosophy of open nomenclature follows Bengtson (1988). Miscellaneous uniden-
tifi ed fragments, including some decapod material, are registered as RGM 211 765.
Locality and horizon
The specimens documented herein were collected from the upper Pleistocene Port
Morant Formation, Upper Coastal Group, exposed in a coastal section on the southwest
side of Port Morant Harbour, parish of St. Thomas, southeast Jamaica (Fig. 1), approxi-
mately between grid references 588 763 and 587 765, Jamaican 1:50,000 topographic sheet
19 “Morant Harbour”, metric (new) edi-
tion. Mitchell et al. (2006, fi g. 1) provided
a further locality map for the study area.
The sedimentology of this mixed car-
bonate-siliciclastic succession, infi lling a
Pleistocene lagoon, was discussed in de-
tail by Cant (1971) and Mitchell et al.
(2001); see also James et al. (2006). Mitch-
ell et al. (2000) obtained electron spin
resonance measurements from corals in
the Port Morant Formation on the south-
east side of Port Morant Harbour that
indicate deposition was during latest
Oxygen Isotope Stage 6 to, probably,
earliest Oxygen Isotope Stage 5e, that is,
last interglacial.
The sample described herein repre-
sents the result of one day of fi eldwork
by fi ve collectors. All specimens were
removed by hand from surface expo-
sure by S.K.D., T.A.S. and three student
assistants. The rocks were too well lithi-
fi ed for eff ective bulk sampling and
processing by sieving.
Three sampling sites were particu-
larly productive. Most specimens were
collected from an area of coarse-grained
bioclastic sandstone with abundant bry-
Fig. 1. Sample sites on the western coastline of Port
Morant Harbour, parish of St. Thomas, southeast
Jamaica. The main south coast road (A4) is indicat-
ed and the track leading to the sample sites is shown
as a dashed line.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 25
ozoa (Schizoporella sp.), red algae, and sca ered fragments of benthic molluscs and scle-
ractinian corals (GPS 17°52.07’N 76°20.0’W).
A fossil reef yielded the large carapace of Carpilius corallinus Herbst (RGM 211 744).
This came from a sandstone rich in mollusc debris between large (diameter c. 0.5 m)
heads of the scleractinian corals Colophyllia natans Müller, Montastraea cavernosa (Linné),
Montastraea annularis (Ellis & Solander) and Diploria strigosa (Dana) (GPS 17°52.12’N
76°19.98’W).
Most of the large balanids were collected at GPS 17°52.15’N 76°19.97’W. These were
preserved in fi ner grained sandstones with fewer large molluscs and stringers of bio-
clastic debris.
Systematic palaeontology
Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802
Infraorder Thalassinidea Latreille, 1831
Family Callianassidae Dana, 1852
Subfamily Callianassinae Dana, 1852
Genus Lepidophthalmus Holmes, 1904
Type species – Lepidophthalmus eiseni Holmes, 1904, p. 310 (= Callianassa boucourti A.
Milne-Edwards, 1870), by monotypy.
Lepidophthalmus jamaicense? (Schmi , 1935)
Pl. 1, fi gs. 1, 2.
Material – A le propodus, RGM 211 708.
Remarks – The specimen closely resembles that fi gured by Felder & Manning (1997,
fi g. 3), but diff ers in that the interdigital margin is more regularly rounded and rimmed
with fi ne granules. Setal pores similar to those fi gured by Felder & Manning (1997, fi g.
3a) are set near the tip of the fi xed fi nger and closely behind it, and there is an addi-
tional pore at mid length. A few pores line the lower margin. Illustrations of the chela
are more convincing in Felder & Manning (1997, fi g. 3) than Manning & Felder (1991,
fi g. 13). New to the fossil record of the Caribbean, the present distribution of this extant
species includes the Caribbean Sea, Jamaica, Belize and Honduras (Sakai, 1988, p. 67).
Genus Neocallichirus Sakai, 1988
Type species – Neocallichirus horneri Sakai, 1988, p. 61, by original designation.
Neocallichirus peraensis Collins, Donovan & Dixon, 1997
Pl. 1, fi gs. 4, 5.
Material – Le dactylus, RGM 211 710.
Remarks –
Apparently less common here than from the section of the Port Morant
26 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Formation on the southeast coast of the harbour (Collins et al., 1997, p. 54, pl. 12, fi gs.
3-6, pl. 13, fi g. 5, pl. 14, fi g. 1).
Neocallichirus? sp.
Pl. 1, fi g. 3.
Material – Abraded le propodus, RGM 211 709.
Remarks – This specimen diff ers from common forms of N. peraensis in having a line
of setae pores above a smooth, rather than fi nely granulated lower margin and a more
distinct depression before the fi xed fi nger. Lined with denticles and rather steeply in-
clined, a shorter fi xed fi nger than N. peraensis is suggested.
Infraorder Anomura MacLeay, 1838
Superfamily Paguroidea Latreille, 1802
Family Paguridae Latereille, 1802
Subfamily Diogeninae Ortmann, 1892
Genus Petrochirus Stimpson, 1859
Type species – Pagurus granulatus Olivier, 1811, p. 8 (= Cancer bahamensis Herbst, 1796
(for 1791 in Herbst, 1782-1804)), by original designation.
Petrochirus bahamensis (Herbst, 1791)
Pl. 1, fi gs. 6-8.
Material – A natural pair of chelae and associated pereiopod fragments, RGM 211
711.
Remarks – This is the fi rst recorded occurrence of fossil pereiopods for this species.
It is apparently less common here than from the other side of the harbour (Collins et al.,
1997, p. 55, pl. 14, fi gs. 2-4, pl. 16, fi g. 4).
Genus Paguristes Dana, 1851
Type species – Paguristes hirtus Dana, 1853, p. 346, by the subsequent designation of
Stimpson (1859, p. 73).
Paguristes sp. cf. Paguristes lymanni A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1893
Pl. 2, fi gs. 1, 3.
Material –
A right propodus, RGM 211 712.
Description – Manus subtrapezoidal, the straight upper margin half the length of the
lower. Lower margin gently convex and continuous with the fi xed fi nger. Carpal mar-
gin is bounded by a deep groove; the interdigital margin is oblique with a fi nely granu-
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 27
lated edge. The outer surface is fl a ened before the fi xed fi nger where it is densely
granulated, the surface becoming almost smooth above proximally, the granules form-
ing again over the upper margin; the inner surface is smooth. Fixed fi nger about half
the length of the basal margin and as high as long; the proximal part of the occludent
margin is inwardly oblique and the cu ing edge fi nely denticulate; the lower, presum-
ably corneous cusp, is missing.
Remarks – The propodus has all the basic characters of the right chela fi gured by
Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1893, pl. 4, fi g. 7) (which has all the aspects of being a le
chela!), but diff ers in the absence of the four prominent spines lining the upper inter-
nal margin. New to the fossil record of the Caribbean, the specimens of P. lymanni
examined by Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1893) ranged from Grenada, Guadeloupe
and Barbados.
A le dactylus recorded as Paguristes sp. (Collins & Portell, 1998, pl. 1, fi g. 3), from
the Bowden shell bed, was likened to P. lymani and could well be conspecifi c with the
present propodus.
Infraorder Brachyura Linnaeus, 1758
Section Eubrachyura de Saint Laurent, 1980
Superfamily Calappoidae De Haan, 1833
Family Calappidae De Haan, 1833
Subfamily Matutinae MacLeay, 1838
Genus Hepatus Latreille, 1802
Type species – Cancer pubibundus Herbst, 1785, p. 199 (= Cancer princeps Herbst, 1794,
p. 154), by original designation (Rathbun, 1937, pp. 234, 235).
Hepatus praecox Collins, Donovan & Dixon, 1997
Pl. 2, fi gs. 2, 4.
Material – Carapace fragment, RGM 211 713; fragmentary right propodus, RGM
211
714.
Remarks – Founded on a carapace (Collins et al., 1997), the original discussion re-
ferred to relationships with Hepatus princeps (Herbst, 1794), found in Jamaican waters
(Rathbun, 1937, p. 326), its Pacifi c anologue, Hepatus kossmani Neumann, 1878, and to
Hepatus lineatus Rathbun, 1937, with a possible bias towards the two fi rst named species.
However, in both of these species the chelae have thin, more or less continuous ridges,
whereas, although much abraded, the surface ornament of the new manus consists of
lines of separated nodes similar to those of H. lineatus (Rathbun, 1937, pl. 74, fi g. 2). Thus,
it would seem that H. praecox may have been an ancestral form of three Recent species.
Partial le and right propodi assigned to Hepatus sp. (Collins & Portell, 1998, pl. 1,
fi g. 5a, b), from the Upper Pliocene Bowden shell bed of southeast Jamaica agree, as far
as preservation allows comparison, with the present specimens and could be conspe-
cifi c. Such being the case, the downward range of H. praecox is marginally extended.
28 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Family Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819
Genus Persephona Leach, 1817
Type species – Persephona latreillii Leach, 1817, pp. 18, 22 (= Cancer punctatus Linnaeus,
1758); by subsequent designation of Rathbun (1922, p. 28).
Persephona sp.
Pl. 2, fi gs. 5, 6.
Material – Male sternites, RGM 211 715; a limb fragment, RGM 211 716.
Remarks – Comparisons with fi gures in Rathbun (1937, pl. 42, fi gs. 3, 6) indicate a
closer affi nity of the sternites to those of Persephona punctata acquilonaris Rathbun, 1933,
than to the nominate subspecies. The present range of P. punctata acquilonaris appears
restricted to New Jersey to Texas. The fi nding of a well preserved carapace retaining
sternites could well lead to a reappraisal of fossil specimens presently assigned to P.
punctata punctata. The limb fragment is of a juvenile, but otherwise typical of those
found at Old Pera.
Superfamily Majoidea Samouelle, 1819
Family Majidae Samouelle, 1819
Genus Mithrax Desmarest, 1823
Type species – Cancer aculeatus Herbst, 1790, p. 248 (= Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892),
by subsequent designation of H. Milne Edwards (1838, p. 9).
Range – Lower Miocene to Recent (Portell & Collins, 2004, p. 116).
Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, 1870
Pl. 2, fi gs. 7, 8.
Material – Two partial carapaces, RGM 211 717, 211 718.
Remarks – The dorsal sculpture is close to that of M. acuticornis as depicted in Rath-
bun (1925, pl. 136, fi gs. 1, 2), the outline of the carapace being more circular than that of
the superfi cially similar Mithrax spinipes (Rathbun, 1925, pl. 136, fi gs. 3, 4). New to the
fossil record of the Caribbean, the present range of M. acuticornis extends from the west
coast of Florida westwards to off
Bahia, Brazil (Rathbun, 1925, p. 389).
Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832
Pl. 3.
Material – One right cheliped, RGM 211 719; one le
(RGM 211 720) and two right
propodi, RGM 211 721, 211 722; two le (RGM 211 723, 211 724) and three right dactyli,
RGM 211 725-211 727; three chela carpi, RGM 211 728-211 730; one pereiopod carpus,
RGM 211 731; and one spinose merus, RGM 211 732. A further propodus may belong to
this species, RGM 211 733.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 29
Remarks – Previously recorded from Old Pera (Collins et al., 1997) from a single right
chela, the new material includes the fi rst record of fossil chela-carpi a ributable to this
species, which is also known from the Pleistocene Coral Rock of Barbados (Collins &
Morris, 1976).
Genus Mithraculus White, 1847
Type species – Mithraculus coronatus White, 1847, p. 7 (= Maia sculpta Lamarck, 1818),
(non Cancer coronatus Herbst, 1785), by original designation.
Mithraculus forceps A. Milne-Edwards, 1875
Pl. 4, fi g. 1.
Material – A right chela-carpus, RGM 211 734.
Remarks – The presence of two spines on the lower margin as well as three on the
upper margin (Rathbun, 1925, pl. 156), common to M. forceps, distinguishes this carpus
from those of M. verrucosus. This species has previously been tentatively recorded from
Jamaica from the Upper Pliocene Bowden shell bed (Collins & Portell, 1998) and from
the upper Pleistocene Falmouth Formation (Morris, 1993).
Genus Hyas Leach, 1814
Type species – Cancer araneus Linnaeus, 1758, p. 431, by original designation; Recent.
aff . Hyas sp.
Pl. 4, fi g. 2.
Material – Fragment of a pereiopod merus, RGM 211 735.
Remarks – This marks the fi rst occurrence of the genus from the Port Morant Forma-
tion of Jamaica. Similarly designated limb fragments are known from the Upper
Pliocene Bowden shell beds of Jamaica (Collins & Portell, 1998) and the Upper Miocene
Tuira Formation of Panama (Todd & Collins, 2006).
Superfamily Portunoidea Rafi nesque, 1815
Family Portunidae Rafi nesque, 1815
Subfamily Portuninae Rafi nesque, 1815
Genus Portunus Weber, 1795
Type species – Cancer pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758, by the subsequent designation by
Rathbun (1926, p. 75) (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956).
This decision appears to have overlooked the selection of H. Milne Edwards (July 1840)
of Portunus puber (Linnaeus, 1767) (Morris & Collins, 1991, p. 7).
30 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Portunus vocans (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878)
Pl. 4, fi gs. 3, 4
Material – A fragmentary right propodus and associated dactylus, RGM 211 736.
Remarks – Both elements conform with Rathbun (1930, pl. 25, p. 60). A species new
to the fossil record of the Caribbean, it presently ranges from the West Indies and east-
ern Atlantic (Cape Verde Islands) to the South Atlantic (Ascension Island) (Rathbun,
1930, p. 80).
Genus Achelous De Haan, 1833
Type species – Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819, p. 47, by original designation of
De
Haan (1833, p. 8).
Achelous sebae (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)
Pl. 4, fi gs. 5, 6.
Material – Right fi xed fi nger, RGM 211 737; right fi xed fi nger and fragment of dacty-
lus, RGM 211 738; posterior of manus, RGM 211 739.
Remarks – A species new to the fossil record of the Caribbean, it presently occurs in
the Gulf of Mexico, Florida Straits to Brazil (Rathbun, 1930, p. 80).
Superfamily Xanthoidea MacLeay, 1838
Family Xanthidae De Haan, 1833
Genus Actaea De Haan, 1833
Type species – Actaea savignii H. Milne Edwards, 1834, pp. 4, 18, by subsequent des-
ignation of Rathbun (1922, p. 26).
Actaea sp. cf. Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898
Pl. 4, fi g. 7.
Material – A carapace lacking basal margin, RGM 211 740.
Remarks – The lack of anteromarginal lobes falls within the degree of their develop-
ment fi gured by Rathbun (1930, pl. 104, fi gs. 3-6); the right hand margin of Rathbun’s
fi gure 6, in particular, is comparable with that of the present carapace. Also, the juxta-
position of lobes 5L and 6L of Rathbun (1930, p. 6, fi g. 3) agree more closely to A. bifrons
than to the allied Actaea setigera in which L4 is distinctly lozenge-shaped. The dorsal
granulation of RGM 211 740 is coarser than that of A. bifrons.
New to the fossil record of the Caribbean, the present distribution of A. bifrons
ranges from Florida to the north coast of South America and Panama (Rathbun, 1930,
p. 256).
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 31
Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)
Pl. 4, fi g. 8.
Material – A le propodus, slightly damaged posteriorly, RGM 211 741.
Description – Manus almost quadrate; outer surface convex, inner surface medially
tumid. The upper margin is weakly spinose, bounded by another, converging row of
spines. Almost vertical interdigital margins are lined with granules. There is a shallow
depression in the lower margin before the fi xed fi nger which is rather more than half
the length of the manus, weakly defl exed and turned inwards; a quadrate cusp on the
proximal half is about one third the height of the manus. A short median ridge on the
fi xed fi nger leads to a curving row of six tubercles, with straighter rows of six, and three
above, across the manus. A few smaller tubercles are sca ered towards the upper and
lower margins. Apart from a few granules on the upper inner quadrant, the inner sur-
face in smooth. There are two setal pores distally on the outer surface and one on the
lower margin.
Remarks – The above characters equate with those on the claws fi gured by Rathbun
(1930, pl. 106, fi gs. 1, 2) and, in particular, with the enlarged view of the right chela il-
lustrated by Rathbun’s fi gure 1, the damaged, foreshortened, specimen accounting for
the apparent diff erence in length/width ratios.
Prominent among diff erences of the present claw and those of Actaea bifrons (Rath-
bun, 1930, pl. 104, fi g. 3) are the deeper indentation before the fi xed fi nger, the relative
length and dentition of the fi xed fi nger and distribution of tubercles on the manus.
As well as being more prominently lobulated than that of A. bifrons, the carapace of
Actaea acanthi is more coarsely granulated, the granules tending to obliterate the lateral
course of the cervical furrow. New to the fossil record of the Caribbean, the present dis-
tribution ranges from Florida Keys to Fernando Noronha, Brazil (Rathbun, 1930, p. 255).
Family Panopeidae Ortmann, 1893
Genus Micropanope Stimpson, 1871a
Type species – Micropanope stultipes Stimpson, 1871a, by original designation.
Range – Pliocene(?) to Recent.
Micropanope sp. aff . Micropanope truncatiformis Rathbun, 1898
Pl. 5, fi gs. 1-4.
Material – A part decorticated/part cast of a le propodus and a right propodus with
an associated carpus, RGM 211 742, 211 743, respectively.
Remarks – Although somewhat abraded, the granulation of the propodi approxi-
mates that of the corresponding elements of M. truncatiformis (Rathbun, 1930, pl. 178,
fi gs. 7, 8). Although the groove extending the length of the fi xed fi nger of the le pro-
podus is apparently weaker, depressions either side of the upper margin are common
to both forms.
32 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Albeit tentatively assigned, this is the fi rst fossil record of M. truncatiformis in the
Caribbean, which currently ranges from off Havana to Yucatan (Rathbun,1930, p. 436).
There is also a resemblance to the Pacifi c analogue, Micropanope xanthusi Stimpson,
1871a, in which the fi xed fi nger appears not to be grooved (Rathbun, 1930, pl. 179, fi g.
3), but otherwise has an overall coarser granulation.
Family Carpilidae Ortmann, 1894
Genus Carpilius Leach in Desmarest, 1823
Type species – Carpilius maculatus Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy.
Carpilius corallinus Herbst, 1783
Pl. 5, fi gs. 5-8.
Material – Fragmentary carapace and chelae, RGM 211 744; one right fi xed fi nger,
RGM 211 745; two right free fi ngers, RGM 211 746, 211 747; and one le free fi nger,
RGM 211 748.
Remarks – Well known from limb segments from the locality on the southeast side of
Port Morant Harbour, the new material provides the fi rst known (fragmentary) fossil
evidence of the carapace. The species is represented by a fi ne carapace from the Pleis-
tocene Coral Rock of Barbados (Collins & Morris, 1976).
Class Cirripedia Burmeister, 1834
Suborder Balanomorpha Pilsbry, 1916
Family Chthalamalidae Darwin, 1854
Subfamily Chthalamalinae Darwin, 1854
Genus Chthalamus Ranzini,1818
Type species – Lepas stellata Poli, 1791, p. 29, by original designation of Ranzani (1818,
p. 276) (Newman et al., 1969, p. R283).
Chthalamus fragilis? Darwin, 1854
Pl. 6, fi gs. 1, 5, 6.
Material – Numerous specimens on 13 chips of rock, RGM 211 749-211 753.
Remarks – One author (J.S.H.C.) noted that these barnacles could all too easily be
Recent specimens. However, the collectors (S.K.D., T.A.S. and students) accumulated
specimens from above the high tide mark on a coastline where no extant barnacles were
apparent. More than one specimen preserved round borings (Pl. 1, fi g. 6), Oichnus sim-
plex Bromley, 1981, suggesting gastropod predation.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 33
Family Balanidae Leach, 1817
Subfamily Balaninae Leach, 1817
Genus Balanus da Costa, 1778
Type species – Lepas balanus Linnaeus, 1758, p. 667 (= Balanus porcatus Costa, 1778), by
the subsequent designation of Pilsbry (1916, p. 49) (Newman et al., 1969, p. R284).
Balanus eburneus Gould, 1841
Pl. 6, fi gs. 2-4.
Material – Seven individual specimens, RGM 211 754-211 758.
Remarks – The new specimens correspond in all respects with those recorded from
the Port Morant Formation at southeast Old Pera Harbour (Collins et al., 1997, p. 58, pl.
12, fi gs. 7, 9, pl. 19, fi gs. 1-5).
Family Pyrgomatidae Gray, 1825
Subfamily Ceratochonchinae Newman & Ross, 1976
Genus Ceratoconcha Kramberger-Gorjanović, 1889
Type species – Ceratoconcha costata Kramberger-Gorjanović, 1889, p. 50, by
mono-
typy.
Table 1. Wider occurrence of decapod crustacean taxa discussed herein. Key: PM = Port Morant Forma-
tion, southeast Port Morant Harbour (Collins et al., 1997; Collins & Donovan, 1998); JF = other Jamaican
rock formations (Collins & Portell, 1998); OI = fossil records of other Antillean islands; RR = new fossil
record of a Recent species; x = present; 1 = P. P. punctata (Linnaeus) known from southeast Port Morant
Harbour (Collins et al., 1997, p. 56).
PM JF OI RR
Lepidophthalmus jamaicense? (Schmi ) x
Neocallichirus peraensis Collins et al. x
Neocallichirus? sp.
Petrochirus bahamensis (Herbst) x
Paguristes sp. cf. P. lymanni Milne-Edwards & Bouvier x
Hepatus praecox Collins et al. x
Persephona sp. 1
Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson x
Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards x
Mithraculus forceps A. Milne-Edwards x
aff . Hyas sp. x
Portunus vocans (A. Milne-Edwards) x
Achelous sebae (H. Milne Edwards) x
Actaea sp. cf. A. bifrons Rathbun x
Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards) x
Micropanope sp. aff . M. truncatiformis Rathbun x
Carpilius corallinus Herbst x x
34 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Ceratochoncha sp. aff . C. barbadensis (Withers, 1926)
Pl. 6, fi g. 7; Pl. 7.
Material – At least ten individuals on six rock fragments, RGM 211 759-211 763.
Remarks – The new specimens correspond in all respects with those recorded from
the Port Morant Formation at southeast Old Pera Harbour (Collins et al., 1997, p. 58, pl.
15, fi g. 2, pl. 17, fi g. 3).
Discussion
Of the 17 species (albeit seven only tentatively) determined from this new site in the
Port Morant Formation, only four, sparsely represented species are common to the
same formation at Old Pera on the eastern side of Port Morant Harbour, where they are
relatively common. Two species are known from other deposits in Jamaica and two
from other Caribbean islands, whereas eight are Recent species new to the fossil record
of the Caribbean (Table 1).
Acknowledgements
S.K.D. gratefully acknowledges the fi nancial support of a Sylvester Bradley Award
from the Palaeontological Association that made possible collaborative fi eldwork with
T.A.S. in April 2007. Vahni Bajnathragoo, Victoria De Leon and Jason Fisher, all under-
graduates at the University of the West Indies, Mona, in April 2007, are thanked for
their enthusiastic help in the fi eld. We thank Phil Crabb (Photographic Unit, The Natu-
ral History Museum, London) for taking the many photographs and Niko Korenhof
(Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden) for arranging the plates. Special thanks
from J.S.H.C. to the staff of the Zoology Library, The Natural History Museum, London,
for assistance with references. Our referees, Rodney M. Feldmann (Kent State Univer-
sity, Ohio) and Gérard Breton (Le Havre, France), are thanked for their thoughtful and
thorough reviews.
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40 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 1
Figs. 1, 2. Lepidophthalmus jamaicense? (Schmi , 1935), RGM 211 708., le propodus, inner (1) and outer
(2) surfaces. Both x 3.6.
Fig. 3. Neocallichirus? sp., RGM 211 709, le propodus, outer surface. × 3.3.
Figs. 4, 5. Neocallichirus peraensis Collins et al., 1997, RGM 211 710, le dactylus, inner (4) and outer (5)
surfaces. × 3.3.
Figs. 6-8. Petrochirus bahamensis (Herbst, 1791), RGM 211 711. (6) Paired chelae and associated pereio-
pods. × 1.6. (7) Detail of pereiopod. × 2.5. (8) Apertural view of hermit crab (shell lost due to diagenesis).
× 1.6.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 41
42 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 2
Figs. 1, 3. Paguristes sp. cf. Paguristes lymanni A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1893, RGM 211 712, right
propodus, outer (1) and inner (3) surfaces. Both × 3.2.
Figs. 2, 4. Hepatus praecox Collins et al., 1997. (2) RGM 211 713, carapace fragment. (4) RGM 211 714, right
propodus, inner surface. Both × 3.2.
Figs. 5, 6. Persephona sp. (5) RGM 211 715, male sternite. × 4.8. (6) RGM 211 716, limb fragment. × 5.6.
Figs. 7, 8. Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, 1870, partial carapaces. (7) RGM 211 717, note encrusting bryo-
zoan. × 4.6. (8) RGM 211 718. × 3.8.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 43
44 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 3
Figs. 1-8. Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832. (1, 2) RGM 211 723, le dactylus, inner (1) and
outer (2) surfaces. Both × 2.7. (3, 4) RGM 211 728, chela carpus, inner (3) and outer (4) surfaces. Both ×
4.1. (5, 6) RGM 211 720, le propodus, inner (5) and outer (6) surfaces. Both × 2.8. (7) RGM 211 719, right
cheliped, inner surface. × 3.3. (8) RGM 211 732, spinose merus. × 4.2.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 45
46 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 4
Fig. 1. Mithraculus forceps A. Milne-Edwards, 1875, RGM 211 734, right chela-carpus. × 2.7.
Fig. 2. aff . Hyas sp., RGM 211 735, fragment of a pereiopod merus. × 3.9.
Figs. 3, 4. Portunus vocans (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878), RGM 211 736, inner (3) and outer (4) surfaces. Both
× 3.3.
Figs. 5, 6. Achelous sebae (H. Milne Edwards, 1834). (5) RGM 211 738, right fi xed fi nger (right) and frag-
ment of dactylus, outer surface. (6) RGM 211 737, right fi xed fi nger, outer surface. Both × 3.2.
Fig. 7. Actaea sp. cf. Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898, RGM 211 740, carapace lacking basal margin. × 3.2.
Fig. 8. Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834), RGM 211 741, le propodus, outer surface. × 2.9.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 47
48 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 5
Figs. 1-4. Micropanope sp. aff . Micropanope truncatiformis Rathbun, 1898. (1, 4) RGM 211 742, le pro-
podus, outer (1) and inner (4) surfaces. Both x 5.3. (2, 3) RGM 211 743, right chela, inner (2) and outer (3)
surfaces. Both × 5.5.
Figs. 5-8. Carpilius corallinus Herbst, 1783. (5, 6) RGM 211 747, right free fi nger, outer (5) and inner (6)
surfaces. Both × 2.2. (7, 8) RGM 211 748, le free fi nger, inner (7) and outer (8) surfaces. Both × 2.6.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 49
50 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 6
Figs. 1, 5, 6. Chthalamus fragilis? Darwin, 1854. (1) RGM 211 752. × 2.8. (5) RGM 211 749. × 3.7. (6) RGM
211 750, note circular boring, Oichnus simplex Bromley, 1981. × 3.7.
Figs. 2-4. Balanus eburneus Gould, 1841. (2) RGM 211 756. × 2.9. (3) RGM 211 755. × 2.6. (4) RGM 211 754.
× 2.9.
Fig. 7. Ceratochoncha sp. aff . C. barbadensis (Withers, 1926), RGM 211 762. × 5.5.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 51
52 Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009)
Plate 7
Figs. 1, 2. Ceratochoncha sp. aff . C. barbadensis (Withers, 1926), RGM 211 760, lateral (1) and apertural (2)
views of individual infesting Siderastrea siderea (Ellis & Solander). Both × 5.2.
All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride.
Collins et al. Fossil Crustacea of the Port Morant Formation. Scripta Geol., 138 (2009) 53
