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A revision of the shore crabs of the genus Eriphia (Crustacea: Brachyura: Eriphiidae)
Abstract
The taxonomy of the shore crabs of the genus Eriphia (Eriphiidae), common in most temperate and tropical seas, is revised. Eight species are recognised. One species, E. verrucosa (Forskål, 1775), occurs in the Mediterranean; another, E. gonagra (Fabricius, 1781) is only known from the western Atlantic, while two species, E. squamata Stimpson, 1859, and E. granulosa A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, are eastern Pacifi c in distribution. Four species are known from the Indo-West Pacifi c, E. sebana (Shaw & Nodder, 1803), E. smithii (MacLaey, 1838), E. scabricula Dana, 1852, and a new species, E. ferox. The new species has previously been confused with E. smithii. The differences between E. sebana and E. smithii, which have been often been confused with each other, are clarifi ed, and new characters defi ned. A key to all the members of the genus is provided.
... To examine the hypothesis of Taoyuan Algal Reef as a stepping stone, we investigated the genetic structure of the ferocious reef crab Eriphia ferox (Koh and Ng, 2008), a species recognized as Eriphia smithii (MacLeay, 1836) until 2008 (Koh and Ng, 2008). The relatively newly described E. ferox has a widespread distribution along the hard substrates of the northwestern Pacific, ranging from southern Japan in the north to the southern SCS in the south (Koh and Ng, 2008). ...
... To examine the hypothesis of Taoyuan Algal Reef as a stepping stone, we investigated the genetic structure of the ferocious reef crab Eriphia ferox (Koh and Ng, 2008), a species recognized as Eriphia smithii (MacLeay, 1836) until 2008 (Koh and Ng, 2008). The relatively newly described E. ferox has a widespread distribution along the hard substrates of the northwestern Pacific, ranging from southern Japan in the north to the southern SCS in the south (Koh and Ng, 2008). ...
... To examine the hypothesis of Taoyuan Algal Reef as a stepping stone, we investigated the genetic structure of the ferocious reef crab Eriphia ferox (Koh and Ng, 2008), a species recognized as Eriphia smithii (MacLeay, 1836) until 2008 (Koh and Ng, 2008). The relatively newly described E. ferox has a widespread distribution along the hard substrates of the northwestern Pacific, ranging from southern Japan in the north to the southern SCS in the south (Koh and Ng, 2008). In 2019, a significantly large and continuous population of E. ferox was found at Datan , which is located within the Taoyuan Algal Reef. ...
The east Taiwan Strait is largely fringed by sandy and muddy habitats. However, a massive algal reef made of crustose coralline algae has been found along the coast off Taoyuan city in northwestern Taiwan. The porous structure of Taoyuan Algal Reef harbors high abundance and diversity in marine organisms, including the ferocious reef crab, Eriphia ferox . Such a pivotal geographic location and unique ecological features make Taoyuan Algal Reef a potential stepping stone connecting biotic reefs in the east Taiwan Strait, South China Sea to the south, and even the high latitude of Japan to the north. In this study, we examined the population connectivity and historical demography of E. ferox by analyzing mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) fragments of 317 individuals sampled from 21 localities in the northwestern Pacific. Our analyses of haplotype network and pairwise F ST comparisons revealed a lack of phylogeographical structure among E. ferox populations, implying the existence of a migration corridor connecting the South and East China Seas through the east Taiwan Strait. Multiple lines of evidence, including significant values in neutrality tests, unimodally shaped mismatch distributions, and Bayesian skyline plots elucidated the rapid population growth of E. ferox following the sea-level rise after Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 2–10 Ka). Such demographic expansion in E. ferox coincided with the time when Taoyuan Algal Reef started to build up around 7,500 years ago. Coalescent migration analyses further indicated that the large and continuous E. ferox population exclusively found in Datan Algal Reef, the heart of Taoyuan Algal Reef, was a source population exporting migrants both northward and southward to the adjacent populations. The bidirectional gene flow should be attributed to larval dispersal by ocean currents and secondary contact due to historical population expansion. Instead of serving as a stepping stone, our results support that Taoyuan Algal Reef is an essential population source for biotic reef-associated species along the east Taiwan Strait, and highlight the importance of conserving such a unique ecosystem currently threatened by anthropogenic development.
... Eriphia ferox Koh and Ng, 2008 (has been confused with Eriphia smithii MacLeay, 1838) - Balss, 1922c;Lin, 1949;Nakasone and Nagahama, 1971;Chang and Chen, 1992;Jeng, Chan, Fung, Tzeng and Yang, 1996;Wang and Liu, 1996a;Lai, Huang and Fang, 1997;Ng, 1998;Chen, 2001a;Ng, Wang, Ho and Shih, 2001;L.-P. Wang, 2005L.-P. ...
... Wang, 2005L.-P. Wang, , 2009Koh and Ng, 2008;Dai, Wang, Chang and Jeng, 2009;Liou, 2013;Chen, 2015;Liao, Chang and Shao, 2017 [Fig. 3e] Eriphia scabricula Dana, 1852-Sakai, 1939Horikawa, 1940;Lin, 1949;Nakasone and Nagahama, 1971;Suzuki, 1985;Wang and Liu, 1996a;Chen, 2001a;Ng, Wang, Ho and Shih, 2001;Chen, 2002;Koh and Ng, 2008;Li, Ko and Li, 2010; Eriphia sebana (Shaw and Nodder, 1803) (senior synonym of Eriphia laevimana Guèrin-Mèneville, 1829) - Horikawa, 1940;Lin, 1949;Nakasone and Nagahama, 1971;Wang and Liu, 1996a;Lai, Huang and Fang, 1997; Ng, 1998;Chen, 2001a;Ng, Wang, Ho and Shih, 2001;Chen, 2002;Koh and Ng, 2008;Li, Ko and Li, 2010;Shih, 2012Shih, , 2013bChan, 2014;Chen, 2015 [Fig. ...
... Wang, , 2009Koh and Ng, 2008;Dai, Wang, Chang and Jeng, 2009;Liou, 2013;Chen, 2015;Liao, Chang and Shao, 2017 [Fig. 3e] Eriphia scabricula Dana, 1852-Sakai, 1939Horikawa, 1940;Lin, 1949;Nakasone and Nagahama, 1971;Suzuki, 1985;Wang and Liu, 1996a;Chen, 2001a;Ng, Wang, Ho and Shih, 2001;Chen, 2002;Koh and Ng, 2008;Li, Ko and Li, 2010; Eriphia sebana (Shaw and Nodder, 1803) (senior synonym of Eriphia laevimana Guèrin-Mèneville, 1829) - Horikawa, 1940;Lin, 1949;Nakasone and Nagahama, 1971;Wang and Liu, 1996a;Lai, Huang and Fang, 1997; Ng, 1998;Chen, 2001a;Ng, Wang, Ho and Shih, 2001;Chen, 2002;Koh and Ng, 2008;Li, Ko and Li, 2010;Shih, 2012Shih, , 2013bChan, 2014;Chen, 2015 [Fig. 3f] ...
... Crab specimens were preserved with 10% formalin and transferred to the zoology laboratory of Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University's Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology. The morphology of the crabs, such as sex, carapace width, carapace length and weight, were recorded and their species-level identified by several keys [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The digital camera photographed different morphologies and characteristics on both the anterior and posterior sides (Fujifilm version Fujifilm XA5). ...
Research on the diversity, abundance and population structure of shore crabs (Decapoda: Brachyuran: Menippidae, Eriphidae, Xanthidae, Oziidae) at Nom Sao Island, Chanthaburi Province, was conducted for a period of around nine months in 2019, starting in January through to May and then continuing from September to December. The study area focused on four ecosystems: sand beaches, rocky shores, coral reefs and bare ground. Specimens were collected via collapsible crab traps, driftnets and free-hand methods. Species identification was done in both external and internal morphology consideration. The result found that species diversity of shore crab was belonged to 4 family, 6 genera and 9 species. Menippidae was found one species; Myomenippe hardwickii, Eriphiidae was found two species; Eriphia ferox and E. sebana, Oziidae was found 3 species; Ozious guttatus, O. rugulosus and Epixanthus frontalis and also Xanthidae was found 3 species; Leptodius nigromaculatus, Atergatis integerrimus and Atergatis floridus. The highest dominance species was L. nigromaculatus (280 individual/square meter, 53.33%). Moreover, rocky shore was found highest diversity (9 species) including it was also found highest abundance of xanthid crabs. The highest abundance of nine crab was found on April (130 individual/square meter, 24.76%) but in contrast A. integerrimus was occurred all year round. In addition to, the ratio between male and female crab was 1:0.46. Carapace size distribution was found in highest ranged 11-20 mm. Regarding to, relationship between abundance of shore crabs and ecological factors were significantly difference with transpar-ency depth (p<0.05).
... At the family level, examples of major revisions that affect the Indian fauna are on the Acidopsidae Števčić, 2005 (Griffin & Tranter 1986);Matutidae De Haan, 1835(Galil & Clark 1994; Ocypodidae Rafinesque, 1815 ; Palicidae Bouvier, 1898 (Castro 2000);andScalopidiidae Števčić, 2005 (Ng & Castro 2013). Generic level and species-group revisions have been much more extensive, with important examples relevant for India treating various genera of Camptandriidae Stimpson, 1858 (Harminto & Ng 1991;Ng et al. 2009); Epialtidae MacLeay, 1838 (Richer De Forges & Ng 2009a; Eriphiidae MacLeay, 1838 (Koh & Ng 2008;Lai et al. 2014);Gecarcinidae MacLeay, 1838 (Ng & Davie 2012;Ng & Shih 2014;Lai et al. 2017); Grapsidae MacLeay, 1838(Poupin et al. 2005); Hymensomatidae MacLeay, 1838 (Naruse & Ng 2007;Poore et al. 2016); Inachidae MacLeay, 1838 (Guinot & Richer de Forges 1982Loh & Ng 1999); Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819(Galil 2001a, b, 2003Tan & Ng 1995); Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851 (Naderloo & Türkay 2011;Barnes 2010;Kitaura et al. 2010); Majidae Samouelle, 1819 ; Mathildellidae Karasawa & Kato, 2003(Ahyong & Ng 2016; Ocypodidae Rafinesque, 1815 (Türkay et al. 1996;Shih et al. 2009Shih et al. , 2012Naderloo et al. 2010Naderloo et al. , 2016; Parthenopidae MacLeay, 1838 (Chiong & Ng 1998;Tan & Ng 2007a, b); Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819 (Chia & Ng 2000;Davie 1989;Ng 2010;Ng & Clark 2008;Hsueh et al. 2009); Pinnotheridae De Haan, 1833 (Ahyong & Ng 2005Ng & Kumar 2015a); Plagusiidae Dana, 1851 (Schubart & Cuesta 2010); Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815 (Schubart & Reuschel 2009;Spiridonov et al. 2014); Sesarmidae Dana, 1851 (Davie 1992(Davie , 1994Davie & Ng 2013;; Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 ( Castro et al. 2004); Trichopeltariidae Tavares & Cleva, 2010(Tavares & Cleva 2010andXanthidae MacLeay, 1838 (Guinot 1976;Clark & Galil 1993;Lai et al. 2011;Lasley et al. 2015). ...
An annotated checklist of the marine brachyuran crabs occurring in India is compiled from published literature and augmented by collections between 2005 and 2015. A total of 910 species belonging to 361 genera and 62 families are herein listed from Indian waters. Specimens representing 130 species were obtained from Gujarat state during 2005 and 2015, of which 23 are new records to Gujarat state and two species are reported for the first time from the west coast of India. The highest number of species were recorded from the Andaman and Nicobar islands (588 species) while the smallest number were from Goa and Karnataka state (82 species). The records indicate that the east coast of India, with 803 species, is more diverse than the west coast, which has 446 species.
... At the laboratory, collected specimens were identified according keys of Crosnier (1965) for grapsids and Koh and Ng (2008) for eriphiids, then sorted, sexed and investigated. Stomachs of E. verrucosa and P. marmoratus were dissected, and the gastric mills or stomachs were separated from esophagus and hind gut. ...
... However, Ng (1998) stated that the name Eriphiidae MacLeay, 1838 had been overlooked and was the oldest available name for this group of brachyurans. This has been subsequently followed by Davie (2002), Stev ci c (2005), Karasawa & Schweitzer (2006), Koh & Ng (2008) and Ng et al. (2008). ...
The evolutionary relationships of the brachyuran crab superfamily Eriphioidea, commonly known as stone or rubble crabs, are examined. Analysis of three mitochondrial (12S, 16S and COI) and two nuclear loci (18S and Histone 3) was carried out for 51 taxa representing the Carpilioidea, Dairoidea, Eriphioidea, Goneplacoidea, Parthenopoidea, Pilumnoidea, Portunoidea, Pseudozioidea and Xanthoidea. Phylogenetic analyses of molecular data used three methods of inference that recovered similar topologies with minor differences. Maximum parsimony analysis of 20 morphological characters taken from first zoeas of 11 species yielded two equally parsimonious trees and generally supported the molecular analyses. None of the analyses recovered Eriphioidea as monophyletic, and each of the eriphioid families represented by two or more taxa was shown to be polyphyletic in both molecular and larval analyses. This study indicates that the present classification based on adult morphology is incongruent with phylogenetic relationships and that the diagnostic characters the result of convergence (particularly in feeding morphology) rather than shared ancestry.
... The following references were used for identification of each crustacean's taxa: Tirmizi et al. (1982), Collins et al (1984), Serene (1984), Jones (1986), Galil & Clark (1994), Türkay et al. (1996), Apel & Spiridonov (1998), Neumann & Spiridonov (1999), McLaughlin (2003), Ng & Koh (2008), Galil (2009), Ng et al. (2009), Anker et al. (2010), Khalaji-Pirbalouty & Wägele (2010). ...
Qeshm Island is the largest island of the Persian Gulf. It is located in the north-eastern part, near the Strait of Hormuz, which connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman. Between 2007 and 2010 by support of the Persian Gulf Biotechnology Research Center a collection of the two most dominant macrobenthic fauna groups (Gastropoda and Crustacea) was gathered around the island. A total of 28 intertidal stations were investigated, including four basic habitat types (rocky, sandy, mud flats and mangrove forests), which resulted in a large diversity of species encountered. The present report provides a summary of the collected taxa. A total of 123 taxa belonging to Crustacea and Gastropoda are recorded in the present study. Identification of the species up to the lowest possible level was attempted; about 88% were identified up to species level. In total, 109 species have been identified. Rocky sites were the most diverse intertidal habitats in the island.
Biological collections constitute a record of the natural history of different regions and provide relevant information for various scientific investigations related to systematics, biogeography, conservation biology, among others. In collections associated to arthropods in Colombia, crabs (Meiura) formed by the infraorders Anomura and Brachyura (Decapoda) are poorly represented, despite being the second country with the most diversity of freshwater crabs worldwide and having many representatives of marine and semi‐terrestrial species from the Atlantic and Pacific. The small representativeness of the group in the collections could be due to the small number of specialist researchers in the group and the small amount of samplings. The objective of this work was to expand the knowledge on decapods from Colombia through the review of the specimens deposited in the CEBUC collection. We found 98 individuals distributed in 15 families, 23 genera and 22 species. The material reviewed comes from the Central Western and Atlantic coastal region of Colombia, where Caldas is the best represented department, with 50% of the records. In this work altitudinal enlargements are registered for the distribution of Hypolobocera bouvieri and Strengeriana fuhrmanni (Pseudothelphusidae). In addition, expansions in the range of distribution are documented for other species. This work constitutes a preliminary source of information on the diversity of crabs (Meiura) at the regional level and reflects that diversity can increase substantially with the expansion of the number of investigations and the review of biological collections.
Las colecciones biológicas constituyen un registro de la historia natural de las diferentes regiones y brindan información relevante para diversas investigaciones científicas concernientes con sistemática, biogeografía, y biología de la conservación, entre otras. En las colecciones relacionadas con artrópodos de Colombia, los cangrejos (Decapoda: Anomura y Brachyura) están poco representados, a pesar de ser el segundo país con la mayor diversidad de cangrejos de agua dulce a nivel mundial y poseer numerosos representantes de especies marinas y semiterrestres, tanto del Atlántico como del Pacífico. La pequeña representatividad del grupo en colecciones biológicas puede deberse al número reducido de especialistas en el grupo y al número limitado de muestreos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue ampliar el conocimiento de los decápodos de Colombia mediante la revisión de los especímenes depositados en la colección CEBUC. Se encontraron 98 individuos distribuidos en 15 familias, 23 géneros y 22 especies. Los ejemplares revisados corresponden a la región Centro Occidental y costa atlántica de Colombia, en donde Caldas es el departamento mejor representado, con el 50% de los registros. En este trabajo se registran ampliaciones altitudinales para la distribución de Hypolobocera bouvieri y Strengeriana fuhrmanni (Pseudothelphusidae). Además, se documentan ampliaciones en el rango de distribución para otras especies. Este trabajo constituye una fuente preliminar de información sobre la diversidad de los cangrejos a nivel regional y enfatiza que la diversidad puede incrementarse substancialmente con la ampliación del número de investigaciones y la revisión de colecciones biológicas.
The Australian southern giant crab, Pseudocarcinus gigas (Lamarck, 1818), has traditionally been placed in the families Oziidae Dana, 1851 or Menippidae Ortmann, 1893 (superfamily Eriphioidea MacLeay, 1838). Previous genetic studies questioned the validity of this classification as the molecular markers placed it far from all eriphioid lineages. A morphological re-examination of P. gigas shows that it possesses a suite of unusual characters in the structure of the antennae, antennules, epistome, carapace, pereopods, thoracic sternum, and vulvae that show it is different from other Eriphioidea as well as all other extant heterotremes, confirming the genetic results. A new family, Pseudocarcinidae, and a new superfamily, Pseudocarcinoidea, both monotypic, are here established for P. gigas.
One of the authors (NS) made extensive collections of shallow water brachyurans (= crabs) of Nakagusuku Bay, southeastern Okinawa Island, from gill net at Chinen and Tozoe fishery ports between 1985 and 1987. Takeda & Shikatani (1990) already reported seven known and one new species of the genus Calappa (Calappidae), and recently Takeda & Komatsu (2017) described two new Actumnus species (Pilumnidae) from this collection. However, most of the specimens collected have still not been reported on. The present report enumerates the brachyuran species other than some remaining specimens of the family Pilumnidae, with photographs and taxonomic comments. Of the recorded species, Epigodromia rugosa McLay, 1993 (Dromiidae), Arcania brevifrons Chen, 1989 (Leucosiidae), Soceulia alainia Galil, 2006 (Leucosiidae), Hyastenus elatus Griffin & Tranter, 1986 (Epialtidae), Schizophrys dahlak Griffin & Tranter, 1986 (Majidae) and Portunus (Xiphonectes) aff. spiniferus Stephenson & Rees, 1967 (Portunidae) are new to Japanese waters.
http://w3.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/naruse/lab/Contents_J_files/50_Takeda_etal.pdf
Fifteen species of stomatopods “mantis shrimps” are recorder from Peru, 12 of these are included on the keys for identification.
About the decapods (shrimps, prawns, mud-shrimps, mole crabs, lobsters, hermit crabs, king crabs and crabs) there 403 species recorded, from these 267 are included in the key. Among the decapods from the 15 species of lobsters, 73 species of anomurans, and 179 species of brachyurans.
The crab fauna (Crustacea: Brachyura) of Lakshadweep (Laccadives), a group of Indian islands in the western Indian Ocean is updated, using material from the intertidal and shallow subtidal areas collected between 2012 and 2015. Fifty-three species were recorded during this study, of which 17 species are newly recorded from the islands, and three are also new records for India. A total of 169 species of brachyuran crabs are now known from Lakshadweep. The taxonomy of Elamena gracilis Borradaile, 1903 (Hymenosomatidae) is clarified and stabilized by the designation of a lectotype.
A collection of crabs assembled during the KUW 2009 expedition to Mayotte Island and deposited in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Paris is studied. In total 202 species are recognized, 138 of them being new records for the Island and a list of brachyuran crabs is documented and illustrated with photographs. A complementary list of all crabs previously in taxonomic literature from Mayotte and its nearest Islands (Comoros Islands, Glorieuses Islands and marine banks of Zélée, Geyser and Leven) is also provided. In total 298 crabs are identified from the region, the richness of this fauna is discussed with zoogeographic considerations and the prospects for further studies are outlined. © 2018, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. All Rights Reserved.
In two poorly known books published in 1938 and 1944, Anthony Curtiss described 21 species of decapod and stomatopod crustaceans from Tahiti. Of these, 20 are found to be junior synonyms of well-known shallow-water species. One species, however, Cancer raihoae Curtiss, 1938, is a possible senior synonym of Portunus hawaiiensis Stephenson, 1968 (Portunidae).
The taxonomy of spider crabs of the genus Maja Lamarck, 1801, is revised, and a total of 36 species in 10 genera are now recognised from the eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean and Indo-West Pacific. The present revision describes seven genera and 17 species as new. Two genera previously synonymised under Maja: Paramaya De Haan, 1837, and Paramaja Kubo, 1936, are here treated as valid taxa. The confused nomenclature of Cancer cornutus Linnaeus, 1758, is resolved, and the name replaces Maja capensis Ortmann, 1894, and Mamaia queketti Stebbing, 1908. All genera and species are diagnosed and figured, and keys are provided for their identification.
Male True Crabs use two pairs of gonopods to deliver mating products during copulation. Commonly, the second pair is shorter than the first pair, and most research to date has focused on species with short second gonopods. We investigated male and female copulatory organs in Calappula saussurei and Calappa pelii, two species of box crabs (Calappidae) with second gonopods which are longer than the first pair. Scanning electron microscopy and histological cross sectioning show that the female copulatory system is unique in several aspects: the genital duct is part concave and part simple type. The seminal receptacle is divided into two chambers, a ventral chamber of ectodermal and mesodermal origin, and a dorsal chamber of ectodermal origin. This dorsal chamber is the location of spermatophore reception during copulation. A sperm plug closes the dorsal chamber off. We propose that long second gonopods deliver male mating products directly into the dorsal chamber. To date, spermatophore reception has been associated with the mesodermal tissue of the seminal receptacle. The copulatory system of box crabs with long second gonopods shows novel deviations from this general pattern. J. Morphol., 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The names and dates of the publications of Brachyura of Guérin (Guérin-Méneville from 1836) are reviewed, and previously unidentified or overlooked names are identified. Several identical new names used in multiple publications by Guérin (also under the name Guérin-Méneville), and others that appeared in the same year necessitated the accurate determination of publication dates to establish priority. The authorships of three names should be credited to Guérin (1832): Gecarcinus lateralis (Gecarcinidae), Halimus aries (Majidae), and Libinia spinosa (Epialtidae), the first previously attributed to Fréminville (1835), the last two to H. Milne Edwards (1834). The overlooked genus- and species-group names Cyclocarcinus pinnotheroides Guérin-Méneville, 1838, are determined to be senior subjective synonyms of the genus- and species-group names Hapalonotus reticulatus (De Man, 1879) (Pilumnidae). Applying Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, precedence is reversed between the genus-group names and the correct name is Hapalonotus pinnotheroides (Guérin-Méneville, 1838). Current and widespread use of the genus-group name Thalamita Latreille, 1829 (31 March) (Portunidae) is threatened by the overlooked Thalamites Guérin, 1829 (21 March), and the precedence of the names is also reversed to maintain usage of the former. The genus-group name Eurypodius Guérin (Inachidae) is shown to have been established in 1828, not 1825. Included is a complete bibliography of the publications in which Guérin (also under Guérin-Méneville) established new names for Brachyura, with their accurate publication dates.
The binomial name Cancer arenarius has been proposed in five different works for species of Crustacea. The earliest name, Cancer arenarius Toreen, in Osbeck, 1765, is identified with Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772), with usage of the latter name being maintained by a reversal of precedence. We identify Cancer arenarius Zimmermann, in Cavolini, 1792, with Eriphia verrucosa (Forskål, 1775). Cancer (Mantis) arenarius Herbst, 1793, is a preoccupied and unavailable objective synonym of Lysiosquillina maculata (Fabricius, 1793), and we herein designate the neotype of the latter as the simultaneous neotype of the former to fix the identities of both names. Cancer (Gammarellus) arenarius Herbst, 1793, is identified with Gamarellus homari (Fabricius, 1779). Cancer arenarius Catesby, 1771, has been deemed not an available name by the Zoological Commission, but is identifiable with Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787). Cancer eques Aubert de la Chesnaye des Bois, 1759, and Ocypoda ippeus Olivier, 1804 (and its incorrect original spelling, Cancer hippeus), are both referred to Ocypode cursor (Linnaeus, 1758), while Ocypoda edwardsi Osorio, 1890, is a subjective junior synonym of Ocypode africana De Man, 1881. The authorship of Cancer erythropus (now Dromia erythropus): Edwards, in Catesby, 1771, is also clarified.
The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, and its predecessors (the Bulletin of the Raffles Museum and the Bulletin of the National Museum), have published a higher than average number of papers relating to brachyuran crabs. Although most deal with taxonomy and systematics, there were several papers dealing with ecology, larval development, ecology, on historical collections of specimens and even a molecular population genetics analysis. In this paper, we have compiled a list of these papers over eighty years. This will provide a standalone reference relevant to brachyuran taxonomy. Taxonomic and systematic descriptions and decisions are the main focus of this article but a complete list of papers is given. A total of 300 names have been published in the Bulletin (and its predecessors). Of these, three are replacement names, 17 have been synonymised and the remainder are valid. In addition to this, there have been changes to the dates of publications for several volumes of the Bulletin, pushing back the year of publication of 12 volumes by a year and bringing forward one of them by a year.
The Raffl es Bulletin of Zoology, and its predecessors (the Bulletin of the Raffl es Museum and the Bulletin of the National Museum), have published a higher than average number of papers relating to brachyuran crabs. Although most deal with taxonomy and systematics, there were several papers dealing with ecology, larval development, ecology, on historical collections of specimens and even a molecular population genetics analysis. In this paper, we have compiled a list of these papers over eighty years. This will provide a standalone reference relevant to brachyuran taxonomy. Taxonomic and systematic descriptions and decisions are the main focus of this article but a complete list of papers is given. A total of 300 names have been published in the Bulletin (and its predecessors). Of these, three are replacement names, 17 have been synonymised and the remainder are valid. In addition to this, there have been changes to the dates of publications for several volumes of the Bulletin, pushing back the year of publication of 12 volumes by a year and and bringing forward one of them by a year. KEY WORDS. – Brachyura, Raffl es Bulletin of Zoology, Bulletin of the Raffl es Museum, Bulletin of the National Museum.
Eriphia norfolcensis is separated from Eriphia sensu stricto and placed into a new genus Bountiana. The two genera differ in many features including carapace shape, eye size and shape; differentiation of efferent branchial openings; length of second antennular segment; length and disposition of basal antennal segment; conformation of gonopod 2; and distinctness of suture between male thoracic sternites 2 and 3. A lectotype is designated for E. norfolcensis Grant and McCulloch, 1907.
The Pacific coast of Colombia has been poorly explored, and its fauna is one of the least known in the tropical eastem Pacific. Although knowledge of the decapod fauna from this coast has recently increased, the information is scattered in numerous sources. A review of the literatura showed that 378 decapods have been reportad (rom this coast, including the islands of Gorgona and Matpelo. The numbers of species are distributed as foilows: Dendrobranchiata, 18; Caridea,79; Thalassinidea, 13; Palinura, 6; Anomura, 61; and Brachyura, 201. Twenty-seven species are known exclusively from the Colombtan coast, three of which are endemic to the islands of Malpelo or Gorgona. A llst of nominal species is presented, including information on distríbution, important references, and synonyms under which the taxa have been reported for this coast. A summary of the history of explorations of the Pacific coast of Colombia as it relates to decapods, is presented. Zoogeographic affinities are briefly discussed for the marine species based on published distributions. Affinities are greatest with the Guif of California (51.8%), followed by the Galápagos (28.6%). the Indo-Pacific (8.8%), and the Caribbean- Atlantic (7.7%).
Samples of benthic macro-fauna were obtained in different habitats along and off the coast of Southern Sinaloa, Gulf of California, Mexico, from 1978 to 1991. Occurrence of species of decapod crustaceans was registered for six habitats, from the interidal to depth of 1200 m. A total of 299 species were collected, belonging to 53 families and including 17 species of Penaeoidea, 45 of Caridea, 6 of Thalassinidea, 5 of Palinura, 1 of Astacidea, 63 of Anomura, and 162 of Brachyura. Number of species varied considerably from one habitat to another. Highest biodiversity was observed in the Bay of Mazatlán, with 121 species, followed by the continental shelf and the rocky interidal (107 species each), the estuarine/coastal lagoons (48 species), the upper slope (18 species) and the sandy beaches (9 species). One species was found to be strictly insular-terrestrial and two are primarily associated with the flotsam. The results of this survey were compared with distribution data available for decapod crustaceans fauna from the SE Gulf of California and the Eastern Tropical Pacific zoogeographic region (ETP). The fauna collected represents 82% of the species cited for the area for coastal and shallow subtidal habitats (to ca. 115 m depth) and 57.6% of deep water (> 200 m) species known to occur in the Gulf of California. Except in two cases, similarity indices (SI) based on the number of species common to any pair of habitats were all very low. Continental shelf and the Bay of Mazatlán have 57 species in common (SI = 0.50), while rocky shore habitat and the Bay of Mazatlán share 27 species (SI = 0.24). Comparative studies of decapod crustaceans communities for the ETP are almost lacking altogether. Available data, however, indicate that biodiversity observed on Southern Sinaloa is so far the highest on record for marine and brackish-water habitants for a given section of this tropical zoogeographic region.
William Sharp MacLeay's (1838) paper was one of the most important for the 19th century, with the author establishing 17 suprageneric taxa, seven new genera and 23 new species from South Africa, described. The status, validity and taxonomy of these taxa are discussed and the extant type specimens are figured in detail for the first time. Of the 23 species described, types are extant for 18 species. Examination of these specimens also leads to some changes to the taxonomy of several species of Eriphia [Eriphiidae], Trapezia (= Grapsillus) [Trapeziidae], and Planes (= Nautilograpsus) [Grapsidae].
Under the auspices of Leiden University and with the financial aid of various organisations and institutions, Messrs. E. Hennipman, P. Nijhoff, C. Swennen, A. S. Tulp, W. J. M. Vader, and W. J. J. O. de Wilde, most of whom are biological students of Leiden University, made a collecting trip to Turkey from March to July 1959. Extensive collections of plants and animals from Turkey were brought together, while moreover incidental collecting was done on the way home in Greece and Jugoslavia. A narrative of this trip will be published by Nijhoff & Swennen. The Decapod and Stomatopod Crustacea brought home by the expedition form an extensive and well preserved collection, which contains many very interesting items. It is gratifying to see that notwithstanding the short duration of the expedition and the limited means available these important results could be obtained. Most of the material was collected either in fresh water or in littoral marine habitats (0-5 m depth); on two occasions a trip with a commercial fishing boat could be made, during these trips material from deeper water was obtained. The accompanying map (fig. 1) shows the localities whence Decapoda and Stomatopoda were taken by the expedition, and other Turkish localities mentioned in the present paper. As extremely little is known about the Decapod fauna of Turkey, even the most common species in the present collection proved to be of interest. A number of Mediterranean species are now reported for the first time from Turkish waters. In addition, the Turkish south coast proved to lodge also several Indo-West Pacific species originating from the Red Sea which have entered the Mediterranean by way of the Suez Canal and went northward along the coasts of Egypt, Israel, the Lebanon and Syria. Several of
For about half a year (February-July, 1953) Dr. M. Boeseman, curator of Fishes of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, was the guest of the Instituto Tropical de Investigaciones Científicas at San Salvador. During this time Dr. Boeseman made extensive collections in numerous localities throughout the Republic of El Salvador and, though his main attention was directed towards the fishes, an interesting collection of Decapod Crustacea was collected and sent home to Leiden. This collection forms the main subject of the present paper. As Dr. G. Kruseman, curator of Insects of the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam, collected some Decapoda in the same region during his stay in El Salvador in the summer of 1952, this material also is included in the present report. The number of species of Decapoda dealt with here is not very large and probably represents only a small portion of the actual number of species inhabiting the territory of El Salvador. Nevertheless it seems worth while to publish the present notes since the carcinological fauna of El Salvador is very poorly known, most of the species being recorded here for the first time as belonging to that fauna. Furthermore the collections contain some species which until now were insufficiently known, and the systematic status of which could be elucidated. I am very thankful to Dr. Boeseman for the interest shown in my work and for the many informations received. Furthermore I am much indebted to the authorities of the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam for their permission to study the material collected by Dr. Kruseman. The collector's numbers mentioned in the enumeration of the material are Dr. Boeseman's, unless stated otherwise. The abbreviations cb. and cl.
An account of the species of Crustacea Decapoda so far known from Cyprus, based on (1) material collected during the 1967-1970 Hebrew University - Smithsonian Institution Joint Program "Biota of the Red Sea and the Eastern Mediterranean", (2) Cyprus material from other sources, and (3) published records of Cyprus Decapoda.
During a 1-year period (1976-77) a total of 96 brachyuran crab species were collected from Bahía de Cartagena and adjacent areas, on the north coast of Colombia, 54 of which are reported for the first time from the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The first known males of the oxystomatous crab Randallia curacaoensis Rathbun, 1922 are discussed and illustrated. Significant range extensions are reported for: Hepatus gronovii Holthuis, 1959, Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923, Libinia ferreirae Brito Capello, 1871 (a Brazilian species), and Pilumnus lacteus Stimpson, 1871; four species were known to occur as far south as the Virgin Islands or Barbados and therefore had not been reported for any section of the South American mainland; these are: Microphrys interruptus Rathbun, 1920, Pelia mutica (Gibbes, 1850), Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, 1860), and Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921). The zoogeography of the species is discussed.
53 species are reported, representing 35 genera and 8 families. Included are 12 species not previously known from the Bahamas: Cronius ruber, Micropanope pusilla, Panopeus boekei, Paraliomera dispar, Pilumnus nudimanus (first known male), Pilumrms gemmatus, Geograpsus lividus, Batrachonotus fragosus, Macrocoeloma subparallelum, Mithrax acuticornis, Teleophrys pococki, and Thoe puella. Known ranges were extended: of Panopeus boekei from Lesser Antilles, of Pilumnus nudimanus from Puerto Rico, and of Teleophrys pococki from Brazil and Curasao. Of 50 species analyzed geographically, one, Portunus bahamensis, is a Bahamas Islands endemic species. 41 occur only in the western Atlantic, and 8 occur in other regions as well: 4 in the eastern Pacific, western Pacific, and eastern Atlantic; 2 in the eastern Pacific and eastern Atlantic; and 2 in the western Pacific and eastern Atlantic. Of the 41 western Atlantic species, 24 have eastern Pacific analogues (most closely related species). These, plus the 6 species actually found in the eastern Pacific, represent an amphi-American tropical fauna that antedates the late Miocene closure of the Panama Portal. The 22 species common to Bermuda, 2 to Ascension, and one each to Cape Verde and St. Thomas, West Africa, indicate larval dispersal to oceanic islands by means of ocean currents.
Introduction signed: Mary J. Rathbun. "No. 1717."
The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA) requires that physicians distribute the appropriate Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) at each immunization visit and discuss the risks/benefits of every vaccine given. In a national study, 31% of pediatricians reported not using the VIS and 56% indicated that time was a barrier to vaccine risk/benefit communication. Parents, however, indicated they want their primary providers to personally tell them about risks/benefits.
To test the feasibility of an Immunization Education Package (IEP) intervention to improve compliance with the federal mandate and to improve physician/parent vaccine risk/benefit communication.
Two multi-physician private pediatric practices in Shreveport, La.
A before-after trial with comparison of 130 pre-intervention and 78 post-intervention visits. Research assistants recorded content and duration of immunization discussions during well-baby visits during which immunizations were scheduled. Clinic staffs were masked as to variables recorded.
The IEP was a multifaceted intervention, involving a practice-based in-service and distribution and discussion of ready-to-use materials including an exam room poster entitled "7 Questions Parents Need To Ask About Baby Shots."
Patients were 90% white and 96% privately insured. Pre and post results revealed a significant increase in VIS distribution (33% vs 91%, P <.001) and physician and nurse initiation of verbal teaching about the vaccine (65% vs 100%, 32% vs 72%, respectively; P <.001 for both), and parent initiation of questions (0% vs 32%, P <.001). A significant increase was found in the discussion of 6 of 8 major immunization IEP topics: contraindications, common side effects, treatment of common side effects, severe side effects, management of severe side effects, and schedule of the next vaccination. These vaccine communication improvements were made with a very small (20-s) increase in physician time. In post-intervention focus groups, provider staff endorsed the IEP method.
This IEP was a feasible way to facilitate compliance with the NCVIA. A significant amount of additional information was provided to parents with only a slight increase in time.
New Brachyura from the Gulf of Davao, Mindanao, Philippine Islands
- M Ward
Ward, M., 1941. New Brachyura from the Gulf of Davao, Mindanao, Philippine Islands. American Museum Novitates, 1104: 1–15, Figs. 1–30
The Brachyura of the Iranian Gulf With an Appendix: The Male Pleopoda of the Brachyura In: Danish scientific Investigations in Iran Checklist of the Mediterranean Brachyura crabs
- K Stephensen
- Iv Part
- E Copenhagen
- Munksgaard
Stephensen, K., 1946. The Brachyura of the Iranian Gulf. With an Appendix: The Male Pleopoda of the Brachyura. In: Danish scientific Investigations in Iran, Part IV. Copenhagen, E. Munksgaard, 1945: 57–237, Figs. 1–60. ˇ ˇ ˇ Stevcic, Z. & Galil, B., 1994. Checklist of the Mediterranean Brachyura crabs. Acta Adriatica, 34: 65–76
Brachyura Crabs collected by the Williams Galapagos Expedition
- M J Rathbun
Rathbun, M. J., 1924a. Brachyura Crabs collected by the Williams Galapagos Expedition, 1923. Zoologica, 5: 153–159, text-fi gs. 38, Pl. 7
Berichte der Kommission für ozeanographische forchungen. Expedition S. M. Schiff “Pola” in das rote meer. Nördliche und Südliche halfte. 1895/96–1897/98 Decapoden des roten meers
- H Balss
Balss, H., 1922. Berichte der Kommission für ozeanographische forchungen. Expedition S. M. Schiff “Pola” in das rote meer. Nördliche und Südliche halfte. 1895/96–1897/98. Zoologische Ergenisse. 34. Decapoden des roten meers. III
On a collection of crabs of South China
- C J Shen
Shen, C. J., 1940. On a collection of crabs of South China. Bulletin of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology (Zoology), 10: 69–104
Shallow water xanthid Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) collected along the Pacifi c of Colombia
- H Prahl
- J Von
Prahl, H., Von & J., Froidefond, 1985. Shallow water xanthid Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) collected along the Pacifi c of Colombia. Zoologische Jahrbuchner (Systematics), 112: 261–273
Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia
- M Takeda
- Y Fukui
- K Wada
- A Asakura
Takeda, M., Y. Fukui, K. Wada & A. Asakura, 1994. Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia. Natural History Research, Special Issue, No. 1: 285–290
Crustacea Decapoda and Stomatopoda In: Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928–29 Scientifi c Reports vol. VII, nº 1. London, Trustees of the British Museum
- F A Mcneill
Mcneill, F. A., 1968. Crustacea Decapoda and Stomatopoda. In: Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928–29. Scientifi c Reports vol. VII, nº 1. London, Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), 668: 1–98, Figs. 1–2, Pls. 1, 2
Xanthidae (mud crabs) of the Carolinas
- G R Lunz
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Lunz, G. R, Jr., 1937. Xanthidae (mud crabs) of the Carolinas. Charleston Museum Leafl et, 9: 9–27