... Second, in identifying the plurality of narratives that exist around leadership development, we follow others' suggestions to "cast a wider net" in terms of the criteria associated with LDP effectiveness (Hoole & Martineau, 2014;Mabey, 2013) and therefore contribute to the literature on LDPs, particularly to the work on the evaluation of these programs (Day & Dragoni, 2015;DeRue & Myers, 2014). Specifically, our study suggests that the criteria for leadership development evaluation should go beyond what has been examined in previous research-from training satisfaction, learning and behavioral components, or skill transfer (e.g., Arthur, Bennett, Edens, & Bell, 2003;Kirkpatrick, 1994;Scaduto, Lindsay, & Chiaburu, 2008)-to include, for example, the strategic functions of LDPs (Ardichvili et al., 2016;Clarke, 2012). This finding aligns with the emerging view that leadership development is a multilevel phenomenon that operates beyond individual leaders to affect the leadership of the entire organization (Batisti c, Cerne, & Vogel, 2017;Boxall, Guthrie, & Paauwe, 2016;Farndale & Paauwe, 2018;Leroy, Segers, van Dierendonck, & Den Hartog, 2018;Ployhart & Moliterno, 2011). ...