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A comparative study of women in the european business world
Abstract
Today, women represent more than 50% of the world's population, yet in no country do they represent nearly half of the corporate managers. According to the United Nation's fourth Conference on Women, women hold only 14% of the top managerial positions in business and only 10% of national legislative seats. Barriers to women's entry into senior management, otherwise known as the "glass ceiling", exist across the globe, and in some areas of the world it is worse than in others. Despite recent progress in most countries, women's advancement in the business arena has been slow. As we are into the 21st century, companies will need to increasingly reflect diversity in their workforce and management can no longer afford to ignore the positive impact women can make.
... This may be due to cultural values, social and economic systems, and attitudes toward women's roles and positions in the society in different countries. Barriers to women's entry into upper management positions exist across the globe, and in some areas of the world it is worse than in others (Istodor, 2009). ...
Purpose
– The purpose of this research is to determine if stereotypical perceptions of women as managers exist between men and women in three countries: the USA, China, and Chile. Based on the extant literature, hypotheses were developed and tested.
Design/methodology/approach
– Participants in the study were students enrolled in degree programs. The data were collected from the USA, China, and Chile using the “Women as Managers Scale”. The study explores attitudinal dimensions. Further, gender and country effects were identified at both multivariate and univariate levels.
Findings
– The findings show that stereotypical perceptions of women as managers exist between men and women in the USA, China, and Chile. US and Chilean men had more positive perceptions of women as managers than Chinese men. Chinese men and women displayed the lowest perceptions of women as managers.
Originality/value
– The results of this study offer useful insights for international managers on the perceptions of women as managers in three distinct countries. Implications for research and practice in international management shed additional light on this important topic.
The correlations study examined from an educational paradigm have women reached a new height in leadership. The heightened need for corporate women leaders to find new operating modalities, and strategies to enhance corporate prosperity in a world characterized by growing global competition, outsourcing, corporate downsizing, rapid innovation, and regulations.
The paper examines the main challenges addressed to intercultural management, in relationship with knowledge management, and considering the context of economic and cultural globalization. Romania, as a recently adhered EU country is examined, from the perspective of its cultural potential and managerial problems. Various models are discussed, and solutions to further implications in the field of intercultural management research are proposed and critically debated.
Organizations Social Responsibility (or CSR - Corporate Social Responsibility) represents a new way "to make business" in the new European economic framework. An increasing number of contemporary companies decide, voluntarily, to contribute to a better society and a cleaner environment. Their strategies include social responsibility as an answer to a variety of social, economic and environmental pressures. These companies aim to transmit a signal towards all the stakeholders: employees, shareholders, investors, customers, providers, public authorities, and non - governmental organizations. Therefore, CSR is a concept which has modified the strategy of many companies.
In this paper, the authors attempt a qualitative study of a large number of companies from western region of Romania. The study seeks an answer to a precise question: is CSR known and applied in the Romanian business environment? Our work is focused on four dimensions of CSR: human resource management, relations with stakeholders, community and human rights, environment. Starting from these points, the authors propose a multicriterial model for CSR measurement.
Dimensiunile culturale ale managementului
- Ionescu
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Ionescu, Gh. Gh. (1997) Dimensiunile culturale ale managementului. Bucuresti: Editura Economica
Managementul structurilor multiculturale – Software-ul gandirii
- G Hofstede
Hofstede G. (1996) Managementul structurilor multiculturale – Software-ul gandirii. Bucuresti: Editura Economica