Crassulaceae

Abstract

Perennial or rarely annual or hapaxanthic herbs to (sub) shrubs, rarely aquatics, treelike, epiphytic or scandent, with ±
succulent leaves, sometimes with succulent stems, rhizomes, underground caudices or succulent roots; indumentum of uni- or
multicellular, often glandular hairs, or plants glabrous. Leaves (sub) sessile or rarely petiolate, usually alternate and
spiral, or opposite-decussate or rarely whorled, frequently aggregated into rosettes, simple, rarely compound, usually entire
or crenate to lobed, rarely dissected, estipulate. Inflorescences usually terminal, bracteate, usually many-flowered, basically
thyrsoids, also pleio-, di-or monochasia (cincinni) or rarely true panicles, racemes or spikes. Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely
unisexual, actinomorphic or very rarely zygomorphic, usually proterandrous, (3-)5(-32)- merous; sepals free or connate at
base, sometimes distinctly unequal in size; petals free or connate to a short to long corolla tube; stamens as many as or
usually twice as many as petals; filaments free or ± connate with a tubular corolla; anthers basifixed in basal pit, 4-sporangiate,
2-locular at anthesis, dehiscence latrorse or slightly introrse by longitudinal slits; ovary usually ± superior to semi-inferior;
carpels as many as petals, usually free or almost so, sessile or sometimes stipitate, tapering gradually to abruptly into
short to long, erect to divergent stylodia, basally with a small to conspicuous dorsal nectary scale; stigma small, (sub)
apical, often poorly differentiated; ovulesusually many, rarely few to one, anatropous, crassi-or tenuinucellate, bitegmic,
on parietal to marginal placentae. Fruits usually follicles, and usually ± completely dehiscent along the ventral suture,
rarely few-seeded, indehiscent and nutlike; seeds smallish, usually 0.5–1 mm long,elongate-fusiform, longitudinally ridged
(costate) or papillate (uni-or rarely multipapillate), rarely (nearly) smooth, usually brownish; embryo small, straight; endosperm
cellular, scanty.

Full text

Crassulaceae 93
tribe
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to I
lsl
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North
Africa -{
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ic
ae
rd
li-
u-
ES
n-
le
ra
d
't_
re
n,
clade
Rhodiola
rytvum
- Aeonium
'Leuco-
sedum
S. ser. Pubescens
[G]
S. ser. Caerulea lGl
S. ser. Monanthoidea
[G]
Aichryson
Monanthes
Aeonium
S. magel/ense
[G]
S. dasyphyllum [G]
S. tydium lGl
Rosularia
S. sedoides
[G]
S. hispanicum
[G]
S. commixtum lGl
Prometheum
S. gracle [G]
Sedella
Dudleya
S. div. spp.
[S]
(Asia)
S. div. spp.
[S]
(Europe)
S. sexangu/are
[S]
S. fannosum
[S]
S. ser. Macaronesica [S]
Villadia
S. oaxacanum
lSl
S. obcordafum
[S]
Lenophyllum
S. fernafum
[S]
S. hemsleyanum
[S]
S. fuffuraceum lSl
S. sect. Pachysedum
[S]
Graptopetalum
Thompsonella
Echeveria
Pachyphytum
Adromischus
Kalanchoe
Tylecodon
Cotyledon
Crassu/a
Macaronesia
Europe/
Mediterranean/
Near EasV
(CentralAsia)l
North America
taxon distribution ::"
spp.
Slnocrassu/a l
Kungia l, , .r
Meterostachys f f;mnerate ä
Orostachys
subs. Append. I
Hytotetephium )
Umbilicus I
Pseudosedum I temoerate t
Rhodiota f atiu 1e
Medit')
i
Phedimus )
Sempervivum Europe/N.East
S. assyrlacum
[G] Near East N
S.
mooneyifG] NE Africa ;
Petrosedum Eurooe/Medit.
family
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America
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Kalanchoe
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Crassula
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)'
(South)Africa \
(n

Crassulaceae 109
reli'
t r-t
)or
rtt).
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ons
,
gar
and
)g)',
sed
ned
rted
-lus,
:hin
allv
also
)s.
rbg.
the
rdes
;sile
1t0
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rica
Ium
ade
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rdly
:eds
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t al.
uhl
: al.,
tml
ned
:ent
ous
Ling
;eo-
:ent
roots); Ieaves usually terete-subulate,
* conspic-
uously spurred at base; inflorescences t elongate
thyrsoids, often spike- or raceme-like,
with
6-70(-150) cincinnoid partial inflorescences
with
1-5(-8) flowers;
sepals
(almost)
free, (always?)
spurred at base;
petals connate
at base,
lobes
spreading
to reflexed
or erect, whitish to pink or
reddish; stylodia t recurved; fruits
erect. n = 9-17,
20-22,33 and
higher.
About 21 species in southern
USA (south-western
Texas), Mexico,
Guatemala
(Baja
Yerapaz),
Peru, at
(600-)1,500-4,000
m.
Divided into seven informal species groups
(Thiede
in Eggli
2003). Appears
to be closest
to
Sedum sect.
Fruticisedum
(IJhl and Moran,
l.c.).
Täxa
formerly classified
in sect.
Altamiranoa are
now placed in Sedum
(Moran 1996; Thiede
and
't Hart 1999).
24. Lenophyllum
Rose
Lenophyllum Rose, Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 47:159
(190a);
Moran, Haseltonia 2:l-19 (1994),
rev.
Herbs,
roots
fibrous
or thickened; leaves
decussate
in few
basal
pairs,
elliptic, roundish
or rhombic;
inflorescences
thyrsoids with several
cincinni,
narrow
thyrsoids of compact
cincinni or reduced
to racemes
or spikes
above or throughout;
sepals
erect or ascending, nearly
equal, * as long
as open
corolla; petals
in upper half
spreading to recurved,
(ob)lanceolate,
yellow(ish); stamens slightly
exserted;
nectary scales subquadrate;
carpels
erect,
narrog tapering
into slender
stylodia;
fruits
erect. n --
22,32,33,44.
Seven species, from USA
(southern
Texas)
and
north-eastern
Mexico.
Genera
25-28
Stems at least
basally
woody,
but many
taxa with
sessile rosettes; leaves
usually
thick and strongly
succulent, in t distinct rosettes;
inflorescences lat-
eral;
petals
at
least
basally connate.
x - 30-34 with
secondary
reductions.
Centred
in Mexico.
According to molecular data (Mort et al.
2001),
these
genera
form a distinct American
clade
(--'Echeveria
group'), together with Sedum
sect.
Pachysedum. The latter shares
the above
characters, except
for its
choripetalous
flowers.
25, GraptopetalumRose
Graptopetalum
Rose, Contr.
U.S.
Natl Herb. 13'296
(1911);
Acevedo et al.,
Brittonia
56:185- 194
(2004),
morph. phylog.;
Acevedo
et al., Amer. |. Bot. 91:1099-1104
(2004),
mol.
phylog.
Byrnesia
Rose
( 1922).
Tacitus Moran (1974).
Herbs
(sect.
Graptopetalum)
to subshrubs
(sect.
Byrnesia); Ieaves
obovate to (broadly)
spathulate,
usually mucronate in sect. Graptopetalum; usually
+ glaucous-pruinose;
inflorescences
thyrsoids
with few to many cincinnoid partial inflores-
cences, or pleiochasia
with few
cincinnoid partial
inflorescences;
flowers
(4)5(-
10)-merous,
stamens
diplostemonous,
rarely haplostemonous;
sepals
appressed, free to base and + equal in size;
petals
slightly connate
at base, spreading stellately,
basicallywhitish
or
yellowish
(to
greenish), usually
with reddish
to brown cross-band markings or
blotches becoming denser towards tips, rarely
uniformly coloured; stamens
first erect, after
anther dehiscence spreading
and the antesepa-
lous stamens recurved
between the petals,
after
anthesis becoming
erect again; carpels
shortly
connate at base;
stylodia normally abruptly
offset;
fruits ascending
to erect; seeds
usually
reticulate.
n = 30-32,
34, 35,
62, 64, 66, 68, +93, +170,
+175, 192,
+204, +208, +244, +270. Eighteen
species,
USA (central and southern Arizona),
Mexico
(widespread
from Sonora and Chihuahua
to Oaxaca);
rocky
places,
to 2,400 m.
Divided into sect.
Byrnesia
and sect.
Grap-
topetalum
(incl. Tacitus). According
to molecular
data,
Graptopetalum
and
its sections are not mono-
phyletic, and Tacitus,
Cremnophila
(= Sedum)
and selected species
of Sedum and
Echeveria
are
interspersed
among
its
species
(Acevedo
et
al. l.c.).
26. Thompsonella Britton
& Rose
Thompsonel/a
Britton & Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl Herb.
12.391(1909);
Moran, Cact.
Succ.
I. (U.S.)
64:37-44
(1992),
synopsis.
Glabrous herbs
or subshrubs; leaves in rosettes,
flattish, semi-amplexicaul,
often glaucous, mar-
gins straight or undulate; inflorescences erect
narrow
thyrsoids or spicate above or as a whole,
with 10-70, 1-12-flowered
cincinni; flowers
(almost)
sessile;
sepals free, (sub)equal,
clavate;
petals
shortly connate at base, imbricate in bud,
spreading
from middle, outer face
pale, inner
face
* dark purplish-red; nectary
scales minute;
carpels shortly
stipitate, shortly
connate at base;
stylodia slender; fruits erect; seeds
reticulate
with irregular
longitudinal rows. n = 26,52.
Six
species, central and southern Mexico; usually on
limestone.

110 |. Thiede and U.
Eggli
Genera
27 + 28
Petals upright and connate
for most of their length;
sepals
often strongly unequal in size;
petals thick-
fleshy;
anthers
(light) yellow; fruits divergent.
27, EcheveriaDC.
Echeveria DC., Prodr. Syst.
Regni Veg. 3:401
(1828);
Walther,
Echeveria
(1972),
rev.
Oliverella
Rose
(
1 903).
Urbinia
Britton
& Rose
(1903).
Oliveranthus
Rose
(
1905).
Glabrous to hirsute herbs to subshrubs; stem
none or tall, branching or not; leaves rarely
scattered along the stems, usually (ob)lanceolate
and mucronate, often glaucous
or highly coloured;
inflorescences, racemose, paniculate, or rarely
spicate
thyrsoids, or cymose with one to several
cincinni; pedicels usually with one to several
minute bracteoles; sepals
reflexed
to appressed but
usually somewhat expanding, almost completely
free, equal to strongly unequal; corolla cylindri-
cal to pentagonal to urceolate; petals imbricate
(valvate in Ser. Valvatae), white through yellow
and orange to red, rarely green(ish), inner surface
usually with nectar-cavity at base; stamens 10,
5 attached at top of nectar-cavities, 5 at top of
corolla tube between petals; carpels connate at
base, erect at anthesis; stylodia slender; fruits
widely divergent follicles; seeds reticulate or
smooth. n = L2-34,
polyploid from 28-25A. About
139 species, centred in (southern) Mexico, also
southern USA (Texas) and Central and South
America (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru,
Bolivia, northern Argentina).
Divided into 17 series
(Kimnach
in Eggli 2003).
28. PachyphytumLink, Klotzsch & Otto
Pachyphytum Link, Klotzsch & Otto, Allg. Gartenzeitung
9:9-10
(1841).
Subshrubs;
stems first erect,
with age usually de-
cumbent to pendent, not or few-branched; leaves
obovate, spathulate, elliptic-oblong or lanceo-
late, usually very thick, usually conspicuously
glaucous-farinose; inflorescences almost always
simple cincinni, first drooping,later * erect;
floral
bracts 5-9 mm in sect. Diotostemon
or usually
13-30
mm in sect. Pachypltytum; sepals erect,
appressed,
almost equal
(sect.
Diotostemon) or (of-
ten strongly) unequal (sect.
Pachyphytum); petals
erect
(sect.
Diotostemon)
or spreading
to divaricate
(sect.
Pachyphytum),
* oblong to oblanceolate,
white to pink, rarely orange
to red(dish), inner
face in upper
part often
with red blotch in sect.
P a
chy
phy
t um, Iaterally ne
ar b
as
e
with app
endages
which form two free,
1-2
mm large
scales
beneath
filaments; antetepalous
filaments connate
with
corolla, antesepalous ones
(almost)
free;
nectary
scales oblong, * yellowish(-white); carpels
erect
at anthesis, f free;
stylodia
inconspicuously
offset
to abruptly narrowing; fruits usually divergent
follicles; seeds fairly smooth. n - 3l-33,62,64,66,
96,99, +I24, +128, +160, +186.
Fifteen species,
in eastern central
Mexico,
(600-)
I,200-2,500
m.
Divided into sections
Diotostemon and
Pachy-
phytum
(Thiede
in Eggli 2003). The morphology
of
the petal scales was studied by Leinfellner
(195a);
similar scales also occur
in som
e Echeveria spe-
cies. Pachyphytum maybe
nested within Echeveria
and closest
to its sect. Urceolatae
(Thiede
in Eggli
2003).
II. SuspA,r,r.
KaTRNcnoIDEAE A. Berger
(1930).
Shoots * woody*;
tissues
(always?)
with crystal
sand*;
petals
connate
to
strongiy
developed
corolla
tubex; anthers with terminal,
f spherical
connec-
tive appendage*; seeds with few (4-6) costae*
in
side view, coronate* . x - 9*.
Genera 29-32.
Note that Kalanchoideae are morphologically
highly derived,
although cladistically
they are
the
second
clade
branching off from the
remainder
of
the family.
29. AdromischusLem.
Adromischus Lem., lard. Fleur. misc. 2:58-59 (1852);
Pilbeam et al., Adromischus
(I998),
synopsis.
Shrublets to * 20 cm; stems
fleshy-woody;
leaves
flat to almost terete,
glabrous
or glandular-hairy,
often with thick wax bloom;
inflorescences erect
spike-like thyrsoids
or spikes
without terminal
flower, to 55
cm, with few to numerous,
1-5-
flowered dichasia; flowers usually erect, rarely
pendulous (A. phillippsiae (Marloth) Poelln.);
corolla usually long and narrow;
petals
white to
pink to red, rarely bright orange,
Iobes
at sinuses
joined by thin membrane; filaments slightly
exserted
or included, papillate where connate
with corolla tube; carpels elongate;
fruits follicles,
(always?)
dehiscing completely along ventral

Crassulaceae
lte,
ner
3ct.
8es
ath
'ith
ary
'ect
[set
ent
66,
ies,
lry
Yof
;a);
pe-
tria
Sgli
!0).
stal
olla
rec-
'in
ally
the
rof
t52);
tves
iry,
rect
inal
-5-
rely
n.);
:to
rSES
htly
rate
:les,
tral
suture. n = 9. About 28 species,
Namibia, South
Africa (especially
Succulent
and Little Karoo).
30. Kalanchoe
Adans. Fig.
28
Kalanchoe
Adans., Fam. Pl. 2:248 (1763);
Hamet, Bull.
Herb.
Boiss.
II,7:870-900
(1907)
& 8:17-48
(1908);
Hamet
& Lapostolle,
Genre
Kalanchoe au |ardin Botanique
"Les
Cödres"
(I96a);
Raadts,
Willdenowia 8:
101-
157
(1977
), rev.
E. Afr.; Fernandes,
Bol. Soc.
Brot. II, 53:325-442
(1980)'
African taxa; Boiteau & Allorge-Boiteau,
Kalanchoe
de
Madagascar
(1995); Gehrig et al., Pl. Sci. 160:827-835
(2001),
mol.
phylog.
Bry ophyllun Salisbury
(
I 805).
Kitchingia
Baker
(
I 881
).
Shrublets
to shrubs,
rarely
rosulate
or small
trees,
or biennial to annual;
leaves usually
decussate,
rarely
alternate,
verticillate
or subrosulate,
* flat,
rarelyterete,
sometimes
t incised
or 3- to
5-foliate,
margins
usually
crenate,
serrate
or dentate,
partly
with bulbils
(usually
in sect.
Bryophyllum),
rarely
entire;
inflorescences
rarely axillary,
corymbose
or paniculate thyrsoids, partial inflorescences
dichasial,
rarely
inflorescences
few-
to 1-flowered;
flowers
4-merous,
* erect
(usually
in sect.
Kalan-
choe)
or pendent
(usually
in sects.
Kitchingia and
Bryophyllum);
sepals
free, connate
or forming
long,
sometimes
t inflated tube (usually
in sect.
Bryophyllum);
petals usually brightly coloured,
lobes
shorter
than
corolla
tube, erect,
spreading
or
reflexed;
filaments
exserted
or included,
connate
to corolla
tube
at
base
(sect.
Bryopltyllum)
or at or
above
middle (sects.
Kalanchoe
and
Kitchingia);
carpels
free to somewhat
connate
at base,
erect or
somewhat
spreading
(sect.
Kitchingia);
fruits
erect
follicles.
n = usually
17, also
18,20,34,35,36,51,
85. About
144 species,
mainly
Madagascar,
eastern
and southern
Africa,
to tropical
Africa,
Arabia
and
tropical
and
Southeast
Asia; some
taxa
(especially
K. pinnata (Lam.)
Pers.) are neophytic
invaders
throughout
the tropics.
Divided into three sections:
the widespread
sect.
Kalanchoe,
and the Malagasy
sects.
Kitchin-
gia and
Bryophyllum.
31. Tylecodon
Toelken
Tylecodon
Toelken,
Bothalia
12'378
(197S);
van
Jaarsveld
&
Koutnik, Tylecodon
& Cotyledon
(2004),
rev.
Shrublets
or dwarf geophytes to pachycaul
dwarf
trees to 2.5 m; stems succulent,
rarely woody,
usually
with flaking
bark;
leaves
usually
crowded
at stem tips, soft-herbaceous,
with elongate
epidermal cells with sinuate anticlinal walls,
often
(always?)
with bladder-cells
idioblasts'
usu-
ally completely
drought-deciduous;
inflorescences
thyrsoids
with one
to several
dichasia;
petals
white,
greenish,
yellowish
or mauve,
rarely
reddish;
fila-
ments usually
exserted,
hairy
where
connate
with
corolla tube; fruits follicles,
dehiscing
apically
only;
seeds
with irregular costae.
Forty-six
species,
winter-rainfall regions of Namibia and South
Africa,
mainly Succulent
Karoo.
Growing
season
autumn
to early
summer;
flowering
t in summer.
Sister
to Cotyledon,
according
to molecular
data
(Mort et al.
2001).
The
two genera
have
in
common
basally
hairy
fi.laments.
32. CotyledonL.
Cotyledon
L.,
Sp.
Pl.:429
(1753);
van
Jaarsveld
& Koutnik,
Tylecodon & Cotyledon
(2004),
rev.;
Mort et al.,
Amer.
|.
Bot.
92:1170-1176
(2005),
mol. phylog.
Procumbent to erect shrublets to shrubs, rarely
climbers; stems usually becoming woody; leaves
decussate,
flat or terete,
rarely lobed or orbicular,
glabrous
or (glandular) hairy; inflorescences
thyr-
soids with several
dichasia,
ending in monochasia
with one to many pendent flowers; corolla tube
hairy or glabrous; dried calyxlcorolla complex cir-
cumscissile
along
basal
groove;
filaments
exserted,
hairy where connate
with corolla tube; carpels
ta-
pering
into erect
stylodia;nectary
scales
* cuplike.
n = g.Eleven
species,
southern
and eastern
tropical
Africa, south-western
Arabian Peninsula.
According
to
molecular
data
(Levsen
et
al.,l.c.),
the variable
Cotyledon
orbiculataL. is polyphyletic.
The circumscissile
calyx/corolla complex present
in all Cotyledon
is found also
in at least some TyIe-
codon and
Kalanchoe
spp.
(Moran 2000), and may
represent a synapomorphy for these
three genera.
III. SusrA,M.
CnRssur.oIDEAE
Burnett
(1835).
Leaves decussate*,
rarely ternate or whorled; flow-
ers haplostemonous*; anthers slightly introrsex,
nucellus tenuinucellate*; fruits opening * com-
pletely along whole suture, but releasing seeds
through apical
pore*; seeds
sinuate-unipapillate*.
Genera
33
+ 34.
Note that Crassuloideae are morphologically
highly derived, although cladistically
they are the
first clade
branching off from the remainder of the
family.

t12 J.
Thiede
and U. Eggli
Fig.31. Crassulaceae. Crassula
columnaris. A Flowering
plant. B Flowet opened out. C Young plant seen
from above.
(Berger
1930)
33. CrqssulaL. Fig.31
Crassula L., Sp. Pl;282 (I753);
Toelken,
Contr.
Bolus
Herb.
8 (1977),
rev.
southern African taxa; Tölken,
f. Adelaide
Bot. Gard. 3:57-90 (1981),
rev. Austral. taxa; Blwater &
Wickens, Kew Bull. 39:699-728
(1984),
rev. New World
taxa;
Mort et. al., IOS Bull. 12:35-36
(2004),
mol. phylog.
(abstract).
TillaeaL.
(17s3).
Rochea DC.
(1802).
Perennial or rarely
annual herbs
to (sub)shrubs,
rarely tuberous geophytes;
glabrous, papillate
or hairy; leaves
decussate
or rarely in whorls
of 4, partly with bladder-cell
idioblasts
and leaf
bases connate within a pair (usually in subg.
Crassula);
inflorescences
thyrsoids with 1 to
many dichasia, sometimes partial inflorescences
glomerate, monochasia
or reduced to solitary
flowers;
corolla urn-shaped
to tubular
or stellate;
flowers
(2-)5(-12)-merous,
usually
small; sepals
shortly connate at base; petals
shortly connate
at base,
partly with apex papillate
on outer
face
and with distinct appendage
(usually
in subg.
Crassula) often * whitish; filaments shortly adnate
to petals
at base and
alternate
with these; carpels
usually
free;
fruits rarely nutlike
and
indehiscent.
n = 8,7 and polyploids.
About 195
species;
mainly
southern Africa, a few species in sub-Saharan
Africa and
south-western
Arabia, some ephemeral
herbs ('TiIIaea')
distributed worldwide,
and the
oniy
genus of the family in Australia.
Divided into the paraphyletic
subg.
Disporo-
carpa with nine sections
(hydathodes
of type I,
rarely
type II; n = 8,
rarely
7) and
subg.
Crassula
with eleven sections
(hydathodes
of type IIl' n - 7
with two satellites; Friedrich 1.973; Toelken
1977
l.c.;
Martin and von
Willert 2000). The ephemeral
herbs
of sects. Helophytum
and Glomeratae,
often
segregated
as genu s Tillaea,
are
nested within Cras-
sula,
according to molecular data
('t Hart unpubl.
data).
34. Hypagophytum
A. Berger
Hypagophytum
A. Berger in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzen-
fam., ed. 2, l8a:467-468 (1930); Gilbert, Opera Bot.
12r:47-50
(1993).
Tuberous
geophytes;
stems one to few,
drought-
deciduous;
leaves
ternate, sessile
or with petiole-
like base, somewhat spurred at base, flat;
inflorescences
usually with 3 monochasia
below
terminal flower; flowers 10-l2-merous,
stellate;
sepals free; petals
white or with faint pink tinge;
carpels free,
laterally compressed,
constricted into
two segments, upper part spiny-papillate,
with
long filiform stylodia; fruits 2-seeded,
breaking
transversely
at the constriction, upper seed
dispersed
within the upper part of the carpel,
lower seed released
separately.
Only 1 species,
H. abyssinicum
(Hochst.
ex A. Rich.)
A. Berger in
north-western
Ethiopian
highlands.
Characterised by a unique combination of spe-
cialised features,
which all occur
in Crassula
(tu-
bers
with annual
shoots, whorled leaves, hydath-
odes
along leaf
margins,
haplostemonous
and
poly-
merous flowers,
and
the
peculiar
fruits). The seed
surface structure
was
given
as
costate by Gilbert
(1989
and
l.c.) and
Knapp
(1994),
which
prompted
't Hart (1995:
169)
to place
the genus in his 'Se-
doideae'. However,
according to Knapp
(1997),
the
seed
surface structure in fact corresponds to the
sinuate-papillate
(Crassula-)
type,
clearly favour-
ing the placement
in Crassuloideae.
Hypagophy-
tum may
be nested within Crassula
and
closest to
.
'\
-:.-
...
:,,:
::l
Se

Crassulaceae 113
ro-
]I,
uIa
)77
:ral
ten
'as-
rbl.
ace
bg.
ate
rels
)nt.
nly
:an
:ral
the
:en-
3ot.
;hr-
rle-
lat;
ow
lte;
8e;
nto
.ith
ing
:ed
rel,
ies,
'in
Pe-
tu-
th-
rly-
:ed
,€f
t
ted
Se-
the
the
ur-
hy-
Ito
its sect.
Petrogeton,whichshares the tuberous habit
and exhibits
in some species
leaves
with short peti-
ole and in whorls of 4, monochasial inflorescences
with stellate and polymerous flowers,
and long fili-
form stylodia.
The
same
peculiar fruit type is found
in sect.
Glomeratae
p.p.(cf. Stopp 1957).
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d
The Families
and
Genera
of Vascular Plants
Edited
bv K. Kubitzki
T \f Flowering
Plants
.
Eudicots
I /\ Berberidopsidales,
Buxales,
Crossosomatales,
Fabales
p.p., Geraniales,
Gunnerales,
Myrtales
p.p.,
P
r o t e al e s,
S
axifr
agal e s, Vit
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Zy
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Clu
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Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae,
Sabiaceae
Volume Editor:
K. Kubitzki
in Collaboration with C.
Bayer
and P. F.
Stevens
With 174 Figures
üspringer

Prt.rtessor
Dr. Kraus
Kusrrzrr
L'niversität
Hamburg
Biozentrum
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und Botanischer
Garten
Ohnhorststraße
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22609
Hamburg
Germany
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