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Why adolescent group therapy?
Abstract
Group psychotherapy for adolescents is a specific clinical modality in which the adolescent is helped to define his/her identity — the major task of adolescent development. Through the work of the group the adolescent becomes aware of new behavioral possibilities in relationships with peers and authority figures. This paper examines indications and contraindications for adolescent group therapy: issues of composition, selection and types of groups; group therapy as a prime modality or as adjunct to individual or family treatment. Issues of confidentiality, group rules and group structure are reviewed. Group leadership and transference and countertransference issues are explored. A case example illustrates how group participation can assist in the separation — individuation process.
... Berdasarkan paparan diatas, peneliti menyusun program intervensi kelompok bagi remaja untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menolak secara asertif bagi remaja secara daring. Menurut Leader (1991), Program intervensi dalam kelompok bagi remaja ...
p>Sebagian remaja rentan terpengaruh oleh tekanan teman sebaya yang mengarahkan mereka untuk menujukkan konformitas terhadap perilaku kelompok. Hal ini dapat menjadi cikal bakal terlibatnya remaja dalam perilaku kenakalan seperti merokok, menggunakan narkoba, seks bebas, tawuran, pencurian, dan tindakan melanggar norma lainnya. Dalam masa pandemi COVID-19, tekanan untuk melanggar aturan seperti mengikuti ajakan untuk berkumpul, pergi ke keramaian, dan menyalahgunakan waktu sekolah dapat muncul. Hal ini perlu dicegah agar remaja tidak terkena risiko yang membahayakan keselamatan dirinya. Salah satunya dengan program intervensi berkelompok untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menolak secara asertif pada remaja yang rentan mengalami tekanan teman sebaya. Program dirancang secara daring agar dapat menjangkau partisipan yang membutuhkan dan menjaga kesehatan serta keselamatan diri. Hasilnya para partisipan merasakan manfaat yang positif, namun hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan program belum cukup efektif meningkatkan kemampuan menolak secara asertif namun terbukti efektif meningkatkan kecederungan berperilaku asertif pada partisipan.
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... Precisely this use of self-disclosure was highlighted by the young adults as one of the things which they valued in the mentors and one of them described this as contributing to a close and friendly relationship. Many studies also show that, especially in group therapy with young adults, elements such as self-disclosure, authenticity and personal involvement can be important and contribute to facilitating a group climate where individuals can share their experiences with each other (Leader, 1991;Oetzel & Scherer, 2003). It must be noted that this kind of approach in therapy is not necessarily effective for all young people, as some find it too obtrusive, too direct, or strange and confusing (Greenberg, Watson, Elliott, & Bohart, 2001). ...
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine what was beneficial and what was challenging in a group intervention for young adults based on RENEW principles in a municipal employment centre. RENEW (Rehabilitation for Empowerment, Natural support, Education, and Work) is an education-oriented support model for young people.
Method: The eight young adults who participated in the group and three mentors who led the group were interviewed about their experiences with the group, and a workshop was held for staff to validate the themes found in the study.
Results: Three themes emerged, one denoted the importance of helpful personal relationships, both between the mentors and the young adults and among the young adults; another denoted how an authentic attitude from the mentors made group exercises inconspicuous as the group members experienced activities in the group as originating from spontaneous, genuine interest rather than the manual-based exercises they were. The last theme conveyed how the group process was challenged by the institutionally regulated compulsory attendance and the mentors’ lack of teamwork resources.
Conclusions: The study suggests that meeting young adults authentically and flexibly combining a certain element of self-disclosure with a manual-based group intervention such as RENEW can strengthen relatedness and convey hope, thereby supporting educational rehabilitation.
... 143). The psychosocial impacts of peer support are equally resonant of group therapy whereby the opportunity to belong to an informal social network diminished participants' isolation, and validated their feelings of confusions, shame, and anger (Shulman, 1993;Leader, 1991). Despite the sense of community and shared psychosocial impacts fostered through peer support, these outcomes represent ameliorative and not transformative change because they reflect changes to individual well-being rather than changes to structural levels of society. ...
The current study explores the impacts of peer support programs on recently resettled refugees to Canada. This research uses qualitative data that was collected from service users as part of a broader formative evaluation of a regional mental health initiative, the Promise of Partnership. This initiative arose from a need to proactively address the resettlement issues experienced by refugees in the Region of Waterloo. The analysis focuses specifically on the impacts to refugees involved in Arabic-speaking peer support groups as understood through the theoretical framework of the ecological model. Findings from the analysis locate key benefits to participants across the interpersonal, organizational, and community levels of the model, revealing the interwoven and impactful nature of peer support amongst participants and their broader community. Given the unprecedented influx of Syrian refugees to Canada, we argue for the continued implementation of peer support groups as a source of mental wellness promotion, empowerment, and a broadened sense of community.
... Many of the young people of all ages that attend the groups explicitly comment on their surprise that there are so many other people who are bereaved and who are ''like them.'' This destigmatization through the realization that they are not the only ones experiencing these things seems to be helpful to young people of all ages (Metel & Barnes, 2011) but may be particularly important to the teenagers, who are more concerned with their standing within their peers (Leader, 1991;Stallard, 2005). This aspect of the groups is very similar to that of the FBP, which normalizes the experiencing of grief-related feelings and encourages their adaptive expression (Sandler et al., 2003). ...
This article describes the largest evaluation of a UK child bereavement service to date. Change was assessed using conventional statistical tests as well as clinical significance methodology. Consistent with the fact that the intervention was offered on a universal, preventative basis, bereaved young people experienced a statistically-significant, small to medium-sized decrease in symptoms over time. This change was equivalent across child age and gender. Type of bereavement had a slight impact on change when rated by parents. Potential clinical implications are highlighted, and various limitations are discussed which we hope to address using an experimental design in future research.
This report forms part of Wellcome’s 2020 Workplace Mental Health Commission. The aim of the commission was to understand the existing evidence behind a sample of approaches for supporting anxiety and depression in the workplace, with a focus on younger workers. This report is about the use of Group Psychological First Aid for supporting humanitarian workers and volunteers, aged 14-24.
Group psychotherapy is an ideal choice for adolescents who engage in mental health treatment. It is considered a “natural” fit, as adolescents are focused on their peer group. This research study presents the effectiveness of an adolescent psychotherapy group with an interpersonal approach, using their “voices” and perspectives. A qualitative descriptive design was selected. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with eight adolescents who attended a process-oriented psychotherapy group for a period of three months. The data were analyzed using manifest content analysis. All eight participants described their experiences and the meaning of their experiences. A number of therapeutic factors emerged from the data consistent with Yalom’s theoretical framework. The participants also described a number of benefits and identified several recommendations for group therapists.
This chapter argues that immigrants' need for mental health services can most effectively be met by community-based services that respect and integrate aspects of their culture of origin. The chapter includes three sections. First, unique characteristics of adolescent immigrants and their special needs are reviewed and illustrated. The second section reviews hallmarks of community-based practice, discusses and illustrates principles generated from successful community-based mental health services for adolescent immigrants, and argues why such services are better equipped than traditional services to meet their needs. The focus is on what proved helpful and how it can be done. Finally, the third section presents one example of a community-based mental health service.
The impact of personal construct and psychodynamic group work on the psychosocial functioning of offender adolescents was evaluated. The repeated measures design involved 3 data collections. Data from 102 participants included measures of 5 pairs of maturational processes and 5 psychological states. Group work was effective immediately after terminating treatment in increasing helpful maturational processes and in reducing the less helpful maturational processes. The group work was also effective to some extent in reducing less helpful psychological states. The implications of this research for future interventions and its evaluation are discussed.
The effects of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on adolescent aggressive behavior were examined. Participants included 11 adolescent boys (6 African American and 5 white). The Youth Self Report, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale were administered pretest (before group therapy) and posttest (after group therapy). Results revealed that adolescents reported statistically significant changes in aggressive behavior, attentional problems, somatic complaints, anxious/depressed behavior, and perceptions of intellectual and school achievement and status. Parents reported clinical changes in adolescent aggressive behavior, albeit not at the level of statistical significance. These findings suggest that group therapy can be an important mechanism to help adolescents examine their attributional biases and alter maladaptive patterns of interpersonal conflict.
The lack of attention to countertransference in the treatment of children and adolescents appears to be due to several factors. The primary variable appears to be the variety and strength of affects evoked in the therapist which in turn produce anxiety, guilt, and a range of defensive reactions. Defenses against hostile and sexual feelings appear to be central. Countertransference reactions have traditionally been treated as an anathema. However, in the past 25 years a few child therapists generally more cautious than adult therapists, have begun to explore the potential value of countertransference clues. Four types of countertransference reactions are derived around the axes of two variables: (1) the source of the countertransference, i.e., patient induced or therapist derived and (2) the extent of awareness of the countertransference by the therapist, i.e., conscious or unconscious. Type I, wherein the therapist is dominated by his own unconscious reactions, is the most therapeutically pernicious while Type IV, wherein the therapist is aware of feeling induced by the patient, holds the most potential for therapeutic understanding and constructive intervention.
Belief in the truth of the occasional reports of children having beenreared by wolves and behaving like animals may in part be accounted for by a narcissistic unwillingness to acknowledge the human nature of the so-called feral children. However, Ogburn has successfully proved that in a recent instance there is no sound evidence of animal foster-parents. Moreover, the behavior of the children strongly resembled that of servere cases of infantile autism with seemingly animal-like traits and habits being treated at the Orthogenic School of the University of Chicago. These are for the most part children of intelligent, educated parents, reared in middle-class homes, and there is no question of intervention by non-humans. As far as the etiology of such behavior is established, it seems to lie in extreme emotional deprivation, which may be equated with the traumatic experiences of wolf children reported from India.
EXAMINES AND COMPARES THE RELATIVE ASSETS AND LIMITATIONS OF 4 APPROACHES TO THE SUPERVISION OF GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY: DYADIC, GROUP, COTHERAPY, AND TRIADIC. CONCLUSIONS ARE REACHED ABOUT EACH METHOD OF SUPERVISION, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TRAINING AND SUPERVISION OF GROUP THERAPISTS ARE SUGGESTED. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Four distinct but related categories of group intervention with adolescents are proposed as a means of reducing the confusion of terminology within the "group" field. Major theoretical and methodological issues in group treatment of adolescents are delineated. Stress is placed on the need for special training of practitioners and proper balancing of groups, along with a flexible approach aimed at fostering workable groups.
Adolescents grow in groups
- I H Berkovitz
Identity group psychotherapy with adolescents: A reformulationAdolescent group psychotherapy
- A W Rachman