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Auroral phenomena as seen by co-ordinated measurements of SKA-3, UVSIPS and IMAP-3 experiments on board the Interball-2 satellite
Abstract
The Interball project investigates the system solar wind-magnetosphere- ionosphere by Auroral and Tail probes. On board the Auroral satellite , SKA-3 (a set of particle detectors) and the magnetometer IMAP-3 provide in-situ characteristics of the energetic particles and the magnetic field, respectively. The UV Spectrometer UVSIPS maps the ionospheric auroral characteristics in 3 lines: of the atomic oxygen (1304Å, 1356Å) and nitrogen (1493Å). The co-ordination of the satellite and the ground-based measurements allows to clarify the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions and to contribute in understanding the magnetospheric models.The purpose is to present examples of the observations demonstrating the quality of the data recorded by the instruments.
... В отличие от призменных видеоспектрометров «Фрегат» построен на дифракционном диспергирующем элементе. Благодаря этому он обладает постоянным спектральным разрешением во всем регистрируемом диапазоне электромагнитного спектра [15,16]. На сегодняшний день приборы данного класса являются единственными в нашей стране дифракционными видеоспектрометрами. ...
Subject of Research.The paper deals with the problems of detection and identification of objects in hyperspectral imagery. The possibility of object type determination by statistical methods is demonstrated. The possibility of spectral image application for its data type identification is considered. Method. Researching was done by means of videospectral equipment for objects detection at "Fregat" substrate. The postprocessing of hyperspectral information was done with the use of math model of pattern recognition system. The vegetation indexes TCHVI (Three-Channel Vegetation Index) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) were applied for quality control of object recognition. Neumann-Pearson criterion was offered as a tool for determination of objects differences. Main Results. We have carried out analysis of the spectral characteristics of summer-typecamouflage cover (Germany). We have calculated the density distribution of vegetation indexes. We have obtained statistical characteristics needed for creation of mathematical model for pattern recognition system. We have shown the applicability of vegetation indices for detection of summer camouflage cover on averdure background. We have presented mathematical model of object recognition based on Neumann-Pearson criterion. Practical Relevance. The results may be useful for specialists in the field of hyperspectral data processing for surface state monitoring.
A method of satellite measurements of the auroral characteristics in the vacuum UV spectral region and of the characteristics of the polar ionosphere is considered. The design and the main characteristics of the ultraviolet spectrometer UVSIPS placed onboard the Auroral Probe satellite (the INTERBALL project) are described. As an example, the measured intensity profiles of the auroral λ1304 Å and λ1356 Å [OI] emissions obtained during a substorm are examined. We also present the data of parallel measurements of the auroral electron and ion distributions obtained with the SKA-3 unit of instruments.
The 1356-Å dayglow limb intensity is calculated for a variety of
conditions. Contributions are included from both the O I 1356-Å
and N2 LBH 1354-Å features. Photoelectron excitation
rates are calculated with a recently developed computer code by
Strickland and Meier (1982). O I 1356-Å multiple scattering
solutions are compared with those based on the single scattering
approximation and are found to be as much as a factor of 1.6 larger with
the actual value changing along the profile. Multiple scattering can
therefore not be ignored in analyses dealing with 1356-Å limb
data. Solutions are generated for four sets of conditions defined in
terms of solar activity and the model atmosphere. Noticeable variations
occur as these conditions are altered. Excellent agreement is obtained
between the theoretical intensities and limb data from the DMSP-F4
satellite UV spectrometer experiment.
The results of a study of the global pattern of electron precipitation measured at low altitude are presented. The electrostatic analyzers that provided the data and the orbital coverage of the three satellites used in the study are described along with the method of binning the data and the calculation of the integral quantities. The average spectra and their variation in MLT are shown, and the global maps are discussed. The pattern of precipitation of cool electrons associated with the boundary plasma sheet, cusp, and dayside low-latitude boundary layer is considered, and the precipitation pattern of hotter electrons associated with the diffuse aurorae and central plasma sheet is discussed.
Techniques and applications of the ultraviolet wavelength region are examined. The topics addressed include: radiometry, sensors, space operations, the earth's atmosphere, solar photoabsorption, photon cross sections, airglow, aurora, scattering and fluorescence, atmospheric ultraviolet backgrounds, radiance and transmission codes, ozone and lower atmospheric composition, upper atmospheric composition and density, global auroral imaging, and ionospheric electron density.
The description of the spacecraft Prognoz-M2 is given, which is a
modification of a satellite of the Prognoz series. Two satellites of the
Prognoz-M2 type will be launched, namely, the Auroral Probe and the Tail
Probe in orbits of 20000 km and 200000 km at apogee, respectively.
Either spacecraft carries a small subsatellite which separates from the
carrier during the flight. This four-satellite system enables to perform
multiple-point measurements in the near-Earth space.
The authors describe the main area of scientific research within the
INTERBALL multisatellite experiment, the orbital characteristics of the
satellites, and their instrumentation. A brief overview is given of the
fundamental problems in the physics of the Earth's magnetosphere and
interactions in the solar wind - magnetosphere system with the goal of
outlining the expected results of the INTERBALL experiment in the
perspective of contemporary solar-terrestrial research. The timeliness
and multi-directional nature of this project is argumented and
emphasized.
UV-spectrometer in INTERBALL Project to Map Ionospheric Characteristics in the Magnetic Field Line Foot Print from the Auroral Probe Satellite
- Kuzmin
Measurements of Charged Particles by Means of the SKA-3 Experiment
- Shuiskaya
The ION Experiment: Energetic Ion Composition and Electron Energy Spectrometers for the Auroral Probe
- Sauvaud