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Comparison of skin test results obtained with different dust, Dermatophagoides; Acarus siro and spider extracts
Abstract
The authors describe the comparative analysis of skin tests performed in 87 asthmatic children with extracts of house dust, grain dust and different arthropodes beloging to the Arachidaegenus. Most of these patients were living in traditional agricultural environment. Reactions to the Acarus siro and grain dust (Sevac) extracts gave significant correlation, whereas house dust did not show this agreement. Extracts from spiders (Aranidae) caused often, in 40% of asthmatic children, positive skin reaction; that was the same frequency as with Dermatophagoides, nevertheless the correlation was only partial. The authours conclude that Acarus siro and antigenically related mites are the main allergizing component of grain dust; excretes of spiders display a comparable allergizing factor in house dust as do Pyroglyphid mites in this area.
Ham represents an appropriate medium for development of many arthropods species. In this paper, the basic biological properties, life cycle of cheese skipper (Piophila casei), grain mite (A. siro), and larder beetle (Dermestes lardarius) and their influence on hygienic quality of ham, during curing and storage, are described. Ham is not the only place where these pests can lay their eggs, what increases the possibility of ham infestation due to the presence of other foodstuffs in the storehouse. Furthermore, they can be mechanical vectors of microorganisms. Organoleptic properties of foodstuffs are change by the presence and activities of larvae, which causes abhorrence of consumers and, in some cases, health problems, too. The most important measure in ham pests control is sanitation. That includes thorough cleaning of the storehouse, removing all debris of food, sealing cracks and crevices and placing the protective nets. Regular control of stored food is necessary as well as maintaining of proper storage conditions. Infested food should be removed. Chemical treatment .should be made only when the storage area is empty, but its effect is diminished by the development of pest's resistance. Taking that in consideration, it can be said that there is no ideal preparation for ham pests control, but it requires the combination of more measures.
We report a 31-year-old farmer whose work consists in handling cereal and vegetables, who consulted our clinic because of asthma symptoms after inhalation of dust during manipulation of the deposited material, usually inside the warehouse.
Skin prick tests and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) determinations were negative with common aeroallergens. The patient noted the presence of many spiders in the warehouse, which were identified as the cellar spider Holocnemus pluchei and the common house spider, Tegenaria domestica. Extracts of spider bodies brought in by the patient were obtained and used to perform in vivo and in vitro studies. Molecular characterization of IgE-binding bands was performed by mass spectrometry. We obtained positive prick tests to the extracts of the bodies of both spiders. Immunoblotting displayed different bands in both spider extracts, in a range of 20-70 kDa. All were hemocyanins, except for a 17-kDa protein of Holocnemus identified as an arginine kinase (AK). Bronchial challenge was positive with the extract of the cellar spider and with the AK, but was negative with the domestic house spider.
We present the first case of respiratory allergy due to sensitization to AK from a common spider, confirmed by bronchial provocation tests.
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