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Abstract and Figures

Mobile web guidelines aim at providing developers with guidance to develop web content suitable for mobile devices. Automatic guideline review tools help evaluating conformance with respect to these guidelines in a systematic way. Yet, a number of mobile web guidelines refer to specific device features such as screen size, support for particular picture formats or support for pointing device. Since mobile devices are very diverse, in order to address the greater number of devices, guidelines adopt a device profile that may be considered as the common denominator device which is able to provide a satisfactory experience. While this approach is useful to define guidelines and make them more understandable, it introduces critical inaccuracies that make tool effectiveness decrease. This paper presents an application that considers specific device features in the evaluation process to produce device-tailored reports. As a result, higher rates of evaluation tool completeness, correctness and specificity are obtained.
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Automatic)Device-Tailored)Evaluation)of)Mobile)Web)Guidelines)
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This!is!the!author!copy!of!Automatic!Device"Tailored!Evaluation!of!Mobile!Web!Guidelines.!New!
Review!of!Hypermedia!and!Multimedia!15(3),!223"244.!Taylor!&!Francis.!Available!at!
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13614560903473886!
Note!that!there!might!be!some!inconsistencies!between!this!and!the!above!publication!so!use!this!
copy!at!your!own!risk.
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3.2)) Web)Application)for)Evaluating)Mobile)Web)Best)Practices)
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'
Figure)4.)Web)application)for)mobile)web)evaluation)
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Figure)5.)Detailed)evaluation)report'
4.) Interpreting)mobileOK)Compliance)
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4.2)Identifying)Guideline)Dependent)Device)Features'
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Table)1.)Browser)and)device)dependencies)with)regard)to)mobileOK)tests)
Description)of)
features)
namespace)
concept)
mobileOK)Basic)
mobileOK)Pro)
Browser)issues)
'
'
RSM!T'7100+#;'
access
xhtmlSupport
TAcXfM-YdWMfBeY!-M'
'
@JJ'7100+#;'
access
cssSupport
TAcXfM-YdWMfBeY!-M'
JMITWfJSWWMJfJ9PPeYM'
7100+#;%4'0)8;1#%7'
<+#.";'
access
picFormatSupport
@ecMWcMfBeY!-MfJ9PPeYM'
A!-dWf!-PJ'
TAcXfM-YdWMfBeY!-M'
'
"88%0;%4'8="#7%;7'
prf
CcppAccept-Charset
@S-Y-@MWYfWc@eQAcdfJ9PPeYM'
'
'
'
'
<#".%7'7100+#;')3*'
6#+H7%#'
prf
FramesCapable
cefBY-!WJ'
'
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
_'=;;0OkkHHHD+0%3.+6)&%"&&)"38%D+#*k'
5":"J8#)0;'7100+#;'
prf
JavascriptEnabled
e>5W@MJfeYfJ@YAPM'
e>5W@MJfeYfJ@YAPM'
5":"'"00&%;'7100+#;'
prf
JavaAppletEnabled
e>5W@MJfeYfJ@YAPM'
'
.1&;)NH)34+H'
7100+#;'
access
mwSupport
PePf9PJ'
'
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prf
TablesCapable
M->TWJf-TMWYc-MA(WJ'
M->TWJfJ9PPeYM'
8++$)%7'7100+#;'
access
cookiesSupport
'
@eeXAWJ'
Device)issues)
'
'
0+)3;)3*'4%:)8%'
7100+#;'
access
pntSupport
'
-@@WJJfXWIJ'
?1%#;2'$%26+"#4'
7100+#;'
access
quertyKeyboard
'
-(eAQfBYWWfMWRM'
78#%%3'H)4;='
access
screenWidth
'
J@YeTTAcd'
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=%"4%#7')3'+#4%#';+'0%#<+#.'.+#%'8+.0&%;%'%:"&1";)+37'E+)3;&2'H);='."#$N10'"3"&27)7D'M"6&%'Z'
)4%3;)<)%7';=%'SMMP'#%70+37%'=%"4%#7';+'6%'8"0;1#%4D'
Table)2.)HTTP)response)headers)and)their)relationships)with)regard)to)mobileOK)tests)
header)
namespace)
concept)
mobileOK)Basic)
mobileOK)Pro)
8"8=%N8+3;#+&'
http
cacheControl
@-@SAcd'
'
%K0)#%7'
http
expires
@-@SAcd'
'
0#"*."'
http
pragma
@-@SAcd'
'
8+3;%3;N;20%'
http
contentType
@S-Y-@MWYfWc@eQAcdfJ9PPeYM'
@S-Y-@MWYfWc@eQAcdf9JW'
@ecMWcMfBeY!-MfJ9PPeYM'
@ecMWcMfBeY!-MfPYWBWYYWQ'
#%<#%7='
http
refresh
-9MefYWBYWJS'
YWQAYW@MAec'
-9MefYWBYWJS'
7%;N8++$)%'
http
setCookie
'
@eeXAWJ'
4.3)Interpreting)Machine)Tests)
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)3;%#0#%;";)+3'<+#'"';%7;D''
if'' ' a#given#test#is#specified#by#the#mobileOK#Basic'then'
' ' apply#it#and#when#applicable#extend#it##
i. with#information#in#MWBP#1.0#
ii. should#the#above#be#vague#or#incomplete,#use#WCAG#1.0#techniques#where#applicable#
else'use#MWBP#1.0#as#a#basis#for#tests#and#WCAG#1.0#techniques#to#implement#such#tests
#and,#as#a#last#resort,#use#the#mobileOK#Pro#draft#document#where#applicable#'
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+3*+)3*'4+81.%3;')7'+3&2'17%4'H=%3')371<<)8)%3;')3<+#.";)+3')7'<+134D'L%';#2'3+;';+'"617%');7'
17"*%'6%8"17%'+<');7'4#"<;'7;";17')3';=%'L\@'0#+8%77D''
M=%' <+&&+H)3*' )7' ;=%' "1;=+#7p' )3;%#0#%;";)+3' +<'H=";' .+6)&%eX' P#+' ;%7;7' 7=+1&4' 70%8)<2'62'
<+&&+H)3*';=%'"6+:%'=%1#)7;)8D'W"8=';%7;'<+&&+H7'"';%.0&";%';+'6%'4%78#)6%4O'
PRINCIPLE:)BEST_PRACTICE_NAME)
J=+#;'4%78#)0;)+3'
pseudo-XQuery statement type of issue produced
J+1#8%'+<')3<+#.";)+3'
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QQ@rD'-&;=+1*=';=%'<#".%H+#$'0#%7%3;%4')3';=)7'0"0%#')7'8"0"6&%'+<'%:"&1";)3*'.+6)&%eX'>"7)8'
"34'.+6)&%eX'P#+';%7;7'#%&2)3*'+3';=%'QQ@'+#'<+&&+H)3*';=%'QQ@r'"00#+"8=,';=%'<+&&+H)3*'6%7;'
0#"8;)8%7' +3&2'8+:%#' ;=+7%' QQ@N)34%0%34%3;' .+6)&%eX' P#+' ;%7;7' ;=";' 8"3' "&&+H'
U7%.)V"1;+.";)8' ;#%";.%3;D' -' 4%78#)0;)+3' +<' +3%' 6%7;' 0#"8;)8%' <+#' %"8=' !L>P' bD[' *1)4%&)3%'
Uc":)*";)+3'"34'T)3$7,'P"*%'T"2+1;' "34' @+3;%3;,'P"*%'Q%<)3);)+3'+#'97%#' A301;V' )7')38&14%4'"7'
"3'%K".0&%')3';=)7'7%8;)+3D'M=%'8+.0&%;%'70%8)<)8";)+3'8"3'6%'<+134'%&7%H=%#%bbD''
NAVIGATION)AND)LINKS:)LINK_TARGET_ID)
M=%' ;"#*%;' +<' ;=%' &)3$' 7=+1&4' 6%' 8&%"#&2' )4%3;)<)%4,'":+)4)3*' %K0#%77)+37' 718=' "7' h8&)8$' =%#%g,'
h&)3$g,' %;8D' B+#' "1;+.";)8' %:"&1";)+3' 01#0+7%7,' &)3$' 8+37)7;%382' 8"3' 6%' 8=%8$%4D' A3' +;=%#'
H+#47,'&)3$7'H);=';=%'7".%';%K;'7=+1&4'0+)3;';+';=%'7".%'#%7+1#8%'13&%77';=%2'=":%'"'4)<<%#%3;'
title'";;#)61;%D'
T1: $i:=//A[@title and @href]
for $temp in $i
if $temp/preceding::A=$temp and $temp/preceding::A/@title=$temp/@title and
$temp/preceding::A/@href=$temp/@href or
$temp/following::A=$temp and $temp/following::A/@title=$temp/@title and
$temp/following::A/@href=$temp/@href FAIL
T2: $i:=//A[not(@title) and @href]
for $temp in $i
if $temp/preceding::A[not(@title)]=$temp and
$temp/preceding::A/@href!=$temp/@href or
$temp/following::A[not(@title)]=$temp and
$temp/following::A/@href!=$temp/@href FAIL
WK;#"8;%4'<#+.'L@-d'bD[';%8=3)?1%7'<+#'b\Db'8=%8$0+)3;'
PAGE)LAYOUT)AND)CONTENT:)GRAPHICS_FOR_SPACING)
97)3*';#"370"#%3;')."*%7'<+#'70"8)3*')7'#%*"#4%4'"7'"3'134%7)#"6&%'0#"8;)8%,'"&;=+1*='7+.%'%N
8+..%#8%'7);%7'."$%'17%'+<';=%.'<+#';#"8$)3*'01#0+7%7D'M=%'<+&&+H)3*'7;";%.%3;'E17;'H"#37'+<'
;=%'0#%7%38%'+<'7."&&'*#"0=)87'U%?1"&'+#'&%77';="3'Z'0)K%&7' H)4%'"34'=)*=VD' -<;%#'%38+13;%#)3*'
);,'"3'%K0%#;'7=+1&4'8=%8$'H=%;=%#';=%'*#"0=)8'<+134')7';#"370"#%3;'+#'3+;D'
T1: //IMG[@width2 and @height2] WARNPartial
T2: //OBJECT[fn:starts-with(@type,'image/')) and (@width2 and @height2)]
WARNPartial
WK;#"8;%4'<#+.'.+6)&%eX'>"7)8';%7;7'
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
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T1: //SCRIPT and not(prf:JavascriptEnabled) FAIL
T2: //*[@onload|@onunload|..|@onchange] and not(access:javascriptEnabled)
FAIL
T3: //A|LINK[fn:starts-with(href,’javascript:’)] and
not(access:javascriptEnabled) FAIL
T4: //OBJECT[not(ancestor::OBJECT) and not (fn:starts-with(@type,'image/') and
fn:normalize-space(.)=’’ WARNCheck
T5: //APPLET and not(prf:JavaAppletEnabled) FAIL
WK;#"8;%4'<#+.'.+6)&%eX'>"7)8';%7;7'"34'%K;%34%4'<+#';=%'QQ@r'
USER)INPUT:)PROVIDE_DEFAULTS)
@=%8$'8+37)7;%382')3'<+#.'8+3;#+&7,'%D*D'"&&'#"4)+'61;;+37')3'"'7%;'7=+1&4'7="#%';=%'7".%'name'
";;#)61;%D'A3'+#4%#';+'.)3).)/%'17%#')301;,');')7'#%8+..%34%4';=";'0#%N7%&%8;%4':"&1%7'=":%';+'
6%' 0#+:)4%4' )3' 8+3;#+&7D' Mb'8+3;#+&7' ;=%' %K)7;%38%' +<' E17;' +3%' 8=%8$%4'#"4)+' 61;;+3' )3' "' 7%;,'
H=)&%'MZ'4%"&7'H);=';=%'31.6%#'+<');%.7'7%&%8;%4')3'"'7%&%8;'8+3;#+&,'H=)8='="7';+'6%'%?1"&';+'b'
13&%77' %K0&)8);&2' 7;";%4' 62';=%'multiple'";;#)61;%D' -88+#4)3*' ;+' .+6)&%eX' P#+' ;%7;7,'
7;";%.%3;7'7"2)3*'H=";';+'H#);%'7=+1&4'6%'0%3"&)/%4'UM\,'M`VD'
T1: $a:=//FORM/descendant::INPUT[@type='radio']
$b:=fn:distinct-values($a/@name)
for $i in $b
$c:=//FORM/descendant::INPUT[@type='radio' and @name=$i]
if (count($c[@checked='checked'])>1 or not($c[@checked='checked']))
WARNCheck
T2: $a:=//SELECT/OPTION[@selected=’selected’]
if count($a)=0 or
if count($a)>1 and $a/ancestor::SELECT[not(@multiple=’multiple’)]
WARNCheck
T3: //INPUT[@type=’text’ and fn:normalize-space(.)!=’’] WARNPartial'
T4: //TEXTAREA[fn:normalize-space(.)!=’’] WARNPartial'
WK;#"8;%4'<#+.'.+6)&%eX'>"7)8';%7;7'UMb,'MZV'"34'.+6)&%eX'P#+';%7;7'UM\,'M`V'
5.)Case)Study)
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4%0%34%3;'<%";1#%7D'
Table)3.)Support)of)mobileOK)test)device-dependent)features)by)three)different)devices)
feature)
D1)
D2)
D3)
access:xhtmlSupport'
s'
s'
s'
access:cssSupport'
s'
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access:picFormatSupport'
dAB,'L>!P'
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>!P,'A@e,'dAB,'5PWd,'Pcd,'J(drR!T,'
MABB,'L>!P,'RN>!P,'RNWPe@N!d!,'
RNL!B'
prf:CcppAccept-Charset'
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'
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XeA]NY,'87XeA]Y,'9MBN],'9MBNb^'
prf:FramesCapable'
K'
K'
K'
prf:JavaScriptEnabled'
K'
K'
K'
prf:JavaAppletEnabled'
K'
K'
K'
prf:TablesCapable'
s'
s'
s'
access:cookiesSupport
s'
s'
s'
access:pntSupport
K'
K'
K'
access:quertyKeyboard
K'
K'
s'
access:screenWidth
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Table)4.))Evaluation)results)when)following)the)DDC)specification)
Item)
URL)
mobileOK)Basic)
mobileOK)Pro)
Warnings)
Failures)
Warnings)
Failures)
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Table)5.)Evaluation)results)of)mobileOK)Basic)tests)when)specific)device)features)are)considered)
Item)
URL)
D1)
D2)
D3)
Warnings)
Failures)
Warnings)
Failures)
Warnings)
Failures)
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Table)6.)Evaluation)results)of)mobileOK)Pro)tests)when)device-specific)features)are)considered)
Item)
URL)
D1)
D2)
D3)
Warnings)
Failures)
Warnings)
Failures)
Warnings)
Failures)
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... Adaptation has also been applied to Web accessibility [3, 4]. The objective is to collect user characteristics into user models that allow the adjustment of Web navigation and presentation to each user's specific features, preferences and likes [5, 6], as well as the characteristics of the user device [7]. This paper describes the application by our research team of User-Adapted Interaction techniques for enhancing accessibility in automatic Web accessibility evaluation and automatic user modelling. ...
Conference Paper
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User-adapted interaction based on user modelling is a well known methodology that can be applied to enhance accessibility. To this respect, the structure and content of the user model is a key issue to ensure adequate adaptation. This paper describes the use of Web mining techniques to create user models that allow adaption of the Web interaction pattern. The main novelty of this system is the application of machine learning techniques to extract and structure information for the user model. Diverse adaptation techniques have been implemented for the specific user needs modelled.
... In the same direction, Leporini [23] provides a MAGENTA tool for supporting inspection-based evaluation of accessibility and usability guidelines. In addition, building on a method of assessing compliance with the recommendations, Vigo [24] proposes an application evaluation that considers specific device features in the evaluation process. A design environment GUIDE2ux is proposed by [25] to identify usability problems automatically and facilitate the job for designers to verify their designs on the target device easily. ...
... There are also some automated evaluation tools that are based on this open-source library such as MokE online evaluation tool (Garofalakis and Stefanis, 2008). All these mentioned automated evaluation tools evaluate web pages against the DDC, however there are also some tools that aim to consider different device specifications such as the tool described in Vigo et al. (2009). ...
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