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Looking for Information—A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs, and Behavior
... The theoretical assumptions underlying this dissertation are based on the Information Seeking and Communication Model (ISCM), the Extended Longo Health Information Model (Longo), and the HBM, all of which provide a solid foundation for understanding HISBs among immigrants, asylum seekers, and refugees. These models are also consistent with the subject of LIS, since they underline the relevance of information availability, appraisal, and usage in decision-making processes (Case & Given, 2016). The relationship between these theoretical assumptions and LIS stems from the awareness that information is an important resource for people making informed health actions. ...
... This article highlights the importance of comprehensive understanding and awareness about the availability and accessibility of health information and services. It also emphasises the need for simple, fact-based information that considers the cultural context and religious values of the target audience (Case & Given, 2016). ...
... Conduct longitudinal studies: Longitudinal studies could provide a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of health-seeking behaviours, health actions, and information-seeking patterns (Lim et al., 2022). This design would align with the interest within LIS on how information behaviour changes over time (Case & Given, 2016). ...
This dissertation undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the health information behaviours and health service requirements of immigrants, asylum seekers, and refugees across Nordic countries of Norway, Finland, and Sweden. The study presents valuable findings concerning the complex interplay among cultural factors, social networks, and personal experiences, thereby deepening our current understanding of the health behaviours displayed by these communities. This study explicitly includes immigrants, asylum seekers, and those denied asylum, acknowledging that the circumstances and contexts in which people experience health information needs might then differ.
This thesis integrates data obtained from six academic articles and employs diverse research methodologies to investigate this intricate subject matter. The research employs various qualitative and quantitative methodologies, such as systematic literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, and structured surveys. The use of mixed methodologies ensures comprehensive and rigorous approach to the investigation.
Rather than focusing on particular mental or physical health conditions, the studies included in this analysis take a broader perspective by assessing the overall well-being of the populations being studied. This approach enables the integration of various perspectives towards health-related behaviours and needs of these communities, thereby augmenting the scope and depth of scholarly comprehension in this domain. Furthermore, this thesis addresses the influence of cultural, traditional, and social factors on health beliefs and healthseeking behaviours among asylum seekers and refugees.
Understanding health susceptibility perceptions among asylum seekers and those denied asylum in Finland, Norway, and Sweden, offers a novel perspective on this issue. The thesis identifies a variety of internal and external cues that motivate health-related behaviour in these populations.
The proposed conceptual model that investigates the impact of health beliefs, information access, and cultural influences on health behaviours and outcomes among immigrants in Nordic countries is a significant contribution to this dissertation. This paradigm captures the complexity of these factors and promotes a more context-aware, user-centred design approach. It corresponds with the person-in-context perspective and the social determinants of health framework, advocating for the indispensable role of information professionals in providing culturally appropriate health information.
The theoretical underpinning of this thesis spans on multiple interdisciplinary fields, including information system design, service design, behavioural studies, social science, human-computer interaction (HCI), user experience (UX) design, patient-centred design, human-centred design methods, and designing for health equity, among others.
The findings of this thesis provide policymakers, healthcare providers, and information professionals involved in devising and delivering health services for immigrant populations with invaluable insights. It requires the implementation of user-centred design principles, cultural sensitivity, and inclusive approaches in the creation of information systems and services, highlighting strategies to integrate health information services into broader social and cultural contexts. This strategy promotes health information equity and has the potential to enhance immigrant populations' health outcomes.
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). This specific research focus is commonly referred to as Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) (Savolainen, 1995(Savolainen, , 2018 or, more broadly, everyday life information practices (Lloyd, 2013;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 1995Savolainen, , 2008Savolainen, , 2021. ...
... (For a further discussion see section 2.2, and also Bayer et al., 2020;Bucher and Helmond, 2018;Clemmensen et al., 2016;Kuutti and Bannon, 2014;Rogers, 2012). Research within ELIS has examined information seeking activities in various everyday life contexts, such as leisure, hobbies, health, vaccinations, parenting, immigration, and unemployment, to name just a few (see Case and Given, 2016;Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018;Hertzum and Hyldegård, 2019;Hirvonen, 2019;Kari and Hartel, 2007;McKenzie, 2003b;Savolainen, 2017b). ...
Social networking sites are integral in reshaping how we access and interact with information and others. This doctoral thesis aims to offer an in-depth understanding of engagement in an everyday life information practice within a private Facebook group. Based on interviews with Facebook group members, the thesis addresses questions such as: What affordances does the Facebook group offer for engagement in information activities? How do these affordances facilitate or constrain members' opportunities to engage? How is the group maintained as an environment for information activities and how does the group navigate the opportunities and challenges presented within it? The findings show that the Facebook group offers a distinctive online space providing both valuable opportunities and challenges for engagement in joint information activities. The study also highlights the strategic ways members individually, collaboratively, and as a group manage and navigate these opportunities and challenges. Overall, the thesis contributes theoretical and practical insights into the multifaceted engagement within a Facebook group for informational purposes in everyday life.
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). This specific research focus is commonly referred to as Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) (Savolainen, 1995(Savolainen, , 2018 or, more broadly, everyday life information practices (Lloyd, 2013;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 1995Savolainen, , 2008Savolainen, , 2021. ...
... (For a further discussion see section 2.2, and also Bayer et al., 2020;Bucher and Helmond, 2018;Clemmensen et al., 2016;Kuutti and Bannon, 2014;Rogers, 2012). Research within ELIS has examined information seeking activities in various everyday life contexts, such as leisure, hobbies, health, vaccinations, parenting, immigration, and unemployment, to name just a few (see Case and Given, 2016;Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018;Hertzum and Hyldegård, 2019;Hirvonen, 2019;Kari and Hartel, 2007;McKenzie, 2003b;Savolainen, 2017b). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). This specific research focus is commonly referred to as Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) (Savolainen, 1995(Savolainen, , 2018 or, more broadly, everyday life information practices (Lloyd, 2013;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 1995Savolainen, , 2008Savolainen, , 2021. ...
... (For a further discussion see section 2.2, and also Bayer et al., 2020;Bucher and Helmond, 2018;Clemmensen et al., 2016;Kuutti and Bannon, 2014;Rogers, 2012). Research within ELIS has examined information seeking activities in various everyday life contexts, such as leisure, hobbies, health, vaccinations, parenting, immigration, and unemployment, to name just a few (see Case and Given, 2016;Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018;Hertzum and Hyldegård, 2019;Hirvonen, 2019;Kari and Hartel, 2007;McKenzie, 2003b;Savolainen, 2017b). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). This specific research focus is commonly referred to as Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) (Savolainen, 1995(Savolainen, , 2018 or, more broadly, everyday life information practices (Lloyd, 2013;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 1995Savolainen, , 2008Savolainen, , 2021. ...
... (For a further discussion see section 2.2, and also Bayer et al., 2020;Bucher and Helmond, 2018;Clemmensen et al., 2016;Kuutti and Bannon, 2014;Rogers, 2012). Research within ELIS has examined information seeking activities in various everyday life contexts, such as leisure, hobbies, health, vaccinations, parenting, immigration, and unemployment, to name just a few (see Case and Given, 2016;Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018;Hertzum and Hyldegård, 2019;Hirvonen, 2019;Kari and Hartel, 2007;McKenzie, 2003b;Savolainen, 2017b). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). This specific research focus is commonly referred to as Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) (Savolainen, 1995(Savolainen, , 2018 or, more broadly, everyday life information practices (Lloyd, 2013;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 1995Savolainen, , 2008Savolainen, , 2021. ...
... (For a further discussion see section 2.2, and also Bayer et al., 2020;Bucher and Helmond, 2018;Clemmensen et al., 2016;Kuutti and Bannon, 2014;Rogers, 2012). Research within ELIS has examined information seeking activities in various everyday life contexts, such as leisure, hobbies, health, vaccinations, parenting, immigration, and unemployment, to name just a few (see Case and Given, 2016;Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018;Hertzum and Hyldegård, 2019;Hirvonen, 2019;Kari and Hartel, 2007;McKenzie, 2003b;Savolainen, 2017b). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). ...
... The predominant emphasis of information practices research is often placed on analysing information activities in formal workplaces, or academic or educational settings that are governed by institutional rules and regulations, as well as formal structures and hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 2008). However, within LIS, a specific research focus has emerged that largely focuses on analysing people's information activities in everyday life contexts, where those information activities are seen as spontaneous and less driven by formal structures or hierarchies (Case and Given, 2016;Lloyd and Olsson, 2019;Savolainen, 2018). This specific research focus is commonly referred to as Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS) (Savolainen, 1995(Savolainen, , 2018 or, more broadly, everyday life information practices (Lloyd, 2013;McKenzie, 2003a;Savolainen, 1995Savolainen, , 2008Savolainen, , 2021. ...
... (For a further discussion see section 2.2, and also Bayer et al., 2020;Bucher and Helmond, 2018;Clemmensen et al., 2016;Kuutti and Bannon, 2014;Rogers, 2012). Research within ELIS has examined information seeking activities in various everyday life contexts, such as leisure, hobbies, health, vaccinations, parenting, immigration, and unemployment, to name just a few (see Case and Given, 2016;Eriksson-Backa et al., 2018;Hertzum and Hyldegård, 2019;Hirvonen, 2019;Kari and Hartel, 2007;McKenzie, 2003b;Savolainen, 2017b). ...
... Objectivity has been claimed to be an important performance requirement else where. Objectivity in news implies that it is free of bias and that it is factual (Case & Given, 2016). The veracity and relevancy of news constitute its factuality, whereas neutrality and balance in news coverage define its impartiality (Vezjak, Hladnik, Peri, & Golja). ...
... In this information overloaded era, we mentioned that throughout the interview process, this study came out that the online news portals in Malaysia lack credibility whether in foreign students and Malaysian students' perception. First and foremost, the first theme shows that across various cultural backgrounds, students exhibited information-seeking needs and gratification closer to online news platforms diagnosed for their legitimacy and honesty in turning in facts (Case & Given, 2016). Challenges emerged regarding sensationalism in news, coming out with the questions about the balance between engaging content material and major reporting. ...
This study was meant to explore the students' perception of the
credibility of Malaysian online news portals using the method of indepth
interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The results of
the study reveal that the proliferation of technologies such as social
media and internet accessibility has greatly facilitated university
students' access to online news portals. Individuals are seeking upto-
date information more than ever, due to the convenience of
technology. Mainstream, alternative, and independent news portals
each have distinct impacts on students. Key factors contributing to
these credibility issues include information-seeking behaviour,
convenience, confirmation bias, and social interaction. Perceptions
of credibility vary depending on the type of news portal in the eyes
of university students which could be driven by ideology, prejudice,
and bias. However, convenience and credibility theme explain why
online news portals are often criticized for their lack of credibility in
the eyes of university students. Many students perceive clickbait
headlines as a major issue with Malaysian online news portals, often
finding discrepancies between headlines and the actual content of
articles. Incomplete information and journalists' reluctance to
address sensitive issues are also significant concerns for students
when selecting online news portals. Bias and credibility issues on
online news portals often manifest in political and racial
controversies. Students also mentioned the 3R issues during the
interviews. Despite these concerns, online news portals remain the
primary source of information for university students. Overall, the
credibility issues have eroded students' confidence in the reliability
of online news.
... Information seeking is a deliberate process in which individuals actively aim to change their state of knowledge by searching for information about a specific topic Niederdeppe et al., 2007). Although seeking is defined and measured in varying ways (Lambert & Loiselle, 2007), most definitions recognize that information seeking often stems from a person's informational needs, and is a purposeful behavior aimed at satisfying those needs (Case, 2012). ...
... Unsurprisingly, much of the information we obtain is via scanning, which occurs incidentally during the course of our routine media use or interpersonal communication. While representing distinct behaviors, seeking and scanning remain two core interconnected constructs in communication that have been shown to impact a range of psychosocial outcomes and behaviors, particularly in the context of health (Case, 2012;Shim et al., 2006). ...
Prior studies have examined correlates of health information seeking and scanning separately, focusing on distinct theoretical frameworks, antecedents, and outcomes. In this meta-analysis we synthesize this research (k = 21; N = 39,510) by examining the relationship between health information seeking and scanning, and their key antecedents and outcomes. Results show that seeking and scanning are moderately and positively correlated, supporting the claim that these are distinct, albeit related, and behaviors. Level of education and income are positive correlates of scanning (but not seeking) behaviors. Conversely, issue-relevance is positively associated with seeking (but not scanning). Results show substantial parity in associations between seeking and scanning with topic-relevant attitudes and behavioral intention. Information seeking (but not scanning), however, is a significant correlate of risk perceptions and perceived social norms. Thus, scanning and seeking are associated with distinct antecedents, but have similar effects. We offer theoretical implications and directions for future research.
... Seeking information and scanning information are two actions that are related to one basic need (Case 2007). Information seeking, defined as goal-oriented information searching (Case 2007), differs from information scanning, where individuals may read information without clear information seeking purposes in opportunistic browsing (De Bruijn & Spence 2008). ...
... Seeking information and scanning information are two actions that are related to one basic need (Case 2007). Information seeking, defined as goal-oriented information searching (Case 2007), differs from information scanning, where individuals may read information without clear information seeking purposes in opportunistic browsing (De Bruijn & Spence 2008). Both information seeking and scanning are common information behaviors in news recommender systems. ...
Cold start and data sparsity are problems hindering the function of news recommender systems. Optimally serving first-time users through relevant news article recommendations is an application of these problems that have attracted scholars’ attention. Users’ goal commitment might be another solution that raise efficiency of information searching while it is understudied in previous research. Drawing from the results of 669 Amazon MTurk workers’ questionnaires, this experimental study explored solutions. We manipulated the relevance of news recommendations (high relevance vs. low relevance) and information behavior within a news portal, either scanning (via a list of news articles) or seeking (via a search query). We also measured an individual difference variable, goal commitment. Results indicated that higher relevance of recommendations and higher goal commitment lead to lower information overload, higher user satisfaction, and lower information anxiety. We also found interaction effects of goal commitment and content relevance on article selection, such that users will be likely to select more irrelevant articles in the low relevance condition rather than the high relevance condition even though they have a goal commitment and perceive higher information overload and information anxiety indirectly via selecting more irrelevant articles. Furthermore, people with high goal commitment were less anxious when they read fewer irrelevant articles in the news recommender systems. The study addressed the importance of considering the user-recommender interaction and the potential merits of considering users goal commitment in the news recommender system design. The research indicates integrating personal traits into state-of-the-art news recommender systems has the potential to significantly improve user experience. While this research suggests personal traits can mitigate the limitations of imperfect recommender systems, users can also curate or train these systems based on their goals to further enhance efficiency.
... Broadly speaking, it is an area that explores human interactions with information in terms of the fulfillment of needs, searching, and using information in specific contexts and situations. Information behavior in the health field covers two areas: (1) professional information behavior, which relates to the way doctors, nurses, nutritionists, or any other medical professionals acquire information and fulfil their need for knowledge and competency to improve medical measures for patient care; and (2) personal information behavior, which is undertaken by individuals seeking information to meet their own information needs in relation to preventive action and healthcare (Case & Given, 2016;Robinson, 2010). Information behavior models that have been used to examine health information behavior include the Wilson Model, the Kuhlthau Model, and the Sensemaking Model (Andalibi & Garcia, 2021;Das & Sarkar, 2014;Warner & Procaccino, 2004). ...
... Sensemaking is a metatheory that describes the processes used by individuals in understanding their surrounding environment through meaning-making. Sensemaking takes in the individual' s active efforts to identify, interpret, internalize, and respond to information to fill in their own knowledge gap (Case & Given, 2016). This concept has been applied in a number of studies relating to health information as a way of understanding and addressing the various challenges involved. ...
This study aims to develop a comprehensive technological framework anchored in a theoretical model to assess user satisfaction with university library websites (ULWs) in Myanmar. Adopting a quantitative approach, data were obtained via convenience sampling and subsequent inferential analysis. The target population for this study investigated users of various ULWs in Myanmar who were utilizing six university libraries. Of the collected responses, 273 valid surveys were analyzed using SPSS (version 25) and AMOS. Tools such as structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis played pivotal roles in data interpretation and hypothesis validation. The proposed model highlights the significance of information quality, system quality, and librarian services in influencing both perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU), culminating in user satisfaction. Notably, information quality and librarian services primarily impact PU, while system quality is more influential on PEOU. Interestingly, while PU has a direct bearing on user satisfaction, PEOU does not. Moreover, demographic elements such as age, gender, and education level introduce considerable differences in the utilization of ULW services. Drawing from the study’s findings, recommendations are made for ULW managers in Myanmar to bolster services, aligning with user preferences. The resulting framework offers tangible benefits to Myanmar’s educational sector, including academia, government entities, librarians, and policy framers. This pioneering research delves into the realm of ULWs in Myanmar’s higher education sector. Practically, the research underscores the necessity for stakeholders, encompassing Myanmar’s library experts and governing bodies, to elevate the standard of ULWs. Theoretically, a salient takeaway is the direct linkage between heightened usefulness and increased user satisfaction.
Keywords: user satisfaction, university library websites, information system success model, technology acceptance model, Myanmar
... According to this model, individuals are driven to seek information when they perceive a significant gap in their existing knowledge base. By obtaining this knowledge, they move closer to achieving their desired objective (Case & Given, 2016). Increased public interest in a particular subject, especially novel AI tools like ChatGPT, is often reflected in heightened search activity on internet search engines. ...
Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPTs), a class of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models capable of producing human-like responses, have become widely adopted since their release. In India, this development raises questions about whether GPTs have influenced public awareness and interest in AI. Understanding this influence is crucial, particularly in the context of AI literacy. This study examines the impact of GPT adoption on creating increased awareness and public interest in AI in India. AI literacy is assessed using the four-factor framework proposed by Ng et al., (2021): knowledge and understanding of AI, uses and applications, evaluation and creation of new solutions, and ethical considerations. Information-seeking behavior serves as the theoretical foundation for examining changes in public interest across these dimensions. Google search volumes from 2020 to 2024 are analyzed to measure public engagement, with data divided into two periods: 2.5 years prior to and 1.5 years following the initial public release of ChatGPT in November 2022. Welch’s t-test is applied to assess changes in search volumes across these time periods. The results indicate a statistically significant increase in interest across all four aspects of AI literacy. The adoption of GPTs has significantly boosted public engagement with AI literacy in India, enhancing awareness and interest across all facets of AI knowledge and application.
... Several studies have examined the information-seeking behaviour of users in the digital age, highlighting the shift from traditional print resources to electronic formats. For example, Case (2008) found that users tend to prefer electronic formats due to their ease of access and convenience. Similarly, Bates (2002) identified various user behaviours, such as browsing, searching, and monitoring that influence the use of e-resources in libraries. ...
This conceptual study explores the use of electronic resources (e-resources) in libraries, focusing on theoretical frameworks and conceptual models that can guide research and practice in this area. Drawing on existing literature, the study proposes a framework for understanding the utilization of e-resources in libraries, considering factors such as user behaviour, satisfaction, and the impact on library services. The study discusses the importance of user behaviour in determining the effectiveness of e-resources, highlighting the need to consider factors such as user demographics, information-seeking behaviour, and technological proficiency. It also explores the role of user satisfaction in shaping the adoption and use of e-resources, emphasizing the importance of factors such as ease of access, relevance of content, and overall user experience. Furthermore, the study considers the broader impact of e-resources on library services, including changes in collection development practices, budget allocation, and staffing needs. It discusses the challenges and opportunities presented by e-resources, such as issues related to access and accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and integration with library services. Introduction A library is an essential and highly prized asset to any school because of the wealth of information it provides for classroom instruction and student research. A library is a great resource for academics, students, and anyone else doing research or studying for an exam. Traditional libraries used to be the norm, and getting the knowledge you needed meant relying on a lot of people and devoting a lot of time and energy. Although libraries have always relied on print materials, the rise of electronic resources has made them indispensable, both in terms of time savings and the ease with which they can carry out their mission (Sinha, 1990).
... Common reasons given for searching for information are curiosity, buying a product, fulfillment of a work or school responsibility, making a decision, and understanding law or regulation [145]. Each of the common reasons for searching for information may be applied to an adolescent searching for sexual health information online. ...
This narrative review offers a deep dive into the theoretical and empirical literature on adolescent online health information-seeking behavior, specifically in relation to sexual health. It presents ways in which motivational influences impact adolescent social media use to seek sexual health information and offers insight into how Longo’s comprehensive and integrated model for understanding health information, communication, and information-seeking and self-determination theory may be used as frameworks for improved understanding in adolescent use of social media for seeking information related to sexual health. The main objectives of this article are, first, to examine the existing literature pertaining to social media, namely its main characteristics and uses by adolescents, its use as an educational tool, and its relation to health information; second, to explore information-seeking and learning through online platforms, particularly social media; and third, to provide a framework utilizing self-determination theory to better understand adolescent motivation in health-seeking behavior. This manuscript advances current knowledge and practices in supporting adolescent skill-development surrounding information-seeking and evaluation behaviors. Such practices will only become more beneficial as young people seek information in various settings (e.g., online, social media platforms, and artificial intelligence systems), particularly sensitive information such as that related to sexual health.
... Kullanıcının içinde bulunduğu durumu etkileyen belirsizliği ifade eden enformasyon gereksinimi, zihinsel bir terimdir. İnsanlar, yaşadıkları belirsizlik durumunu o anda var olan bilgileriyle yok edemediği an, enformasyona gereksinim duyar (Donald, 2002). Enformasyon gereksinimi tanım olarak ifade edilecek olursa; enformasyon kullanıcılarının herhangi bir konu hakkındaki amaçlarına ulaşma noktasında bilgi birikimlerinin yetersizliğini fark etmeleri olarak tanımlanabilir. ...
... However, it is crucial to acknowledge that, due to the limited sample size, the generalization of results may be restricted. Nevertheless, this analysis still provides valuable insights into the phenomenon being studied (Case & Given, 2016). ...
This article is part of a PhD research and investigates the impact of rapid technological evolution, focusing on the adoption of smart mobile devices (SMD), such as smartphones, tablets and laptops, and applications (app) in the personal lives of higher education professors in the area of Information Science. In addition, gaps are identified in existing research, emphasizing the need to understand how SMD is used in personal activities for personal knowledge management (PKM) practices and infocommunication. Specific objectives include identifying the most commonly used SMDs and apps, the frequency of such use, and how they are used for those practices. The methodology is qualitative, triangulating the integrative review with a questionnaire (N-10). The results point to interest in device ecologies for PKM and Info-communication, with communication apps (text and voice) and e-mail being the most important for teachers. It is hoped that the results of this study can contribute to the advancement of knowledge about the use of SMD by teachers and to the development of a generic descriptive model of infocommunicational behaviour and PKM that can be applied in other contexts.
... Each specific information seeking task influences both information needs, which in turn affects an individual's choice of information sources while looking for information [19], and information seeking, where the nature of the task affects the amount of effort and psychological state invested in the task [16,20]. Users gravitate toward information sources that are most relevant to their needs [17], and the personal sense of control that comes from finding information that matches their needs encourages further use of its source [72]. In sum, the nature of an information seeking task affects a user's choice of information source, and hence their choice of information seeking tool. ...
Conversational search offers an easier and faster alternative to conventional web search, while having downsides like lack of source verification. Research has examined performance disparities between these two systems in different settings. However, little work has considered the effects of variations within a given search task. We hypothesize that psychological distance - one''s perceived closeness to a target event - affects information needs in search tasks, and investigate the corresponding effects on user preferences between web and conversational search systems. We find that with greater psychological distances, users perceive conversational search as more credible, useful, enjoyable, and easy to use, and demonstrate increased preference for this system. We reveal qualitative reasons for these differences and provide design implications for search system designers.
... Consequently, it was predicted and hypothesized that negative emotion has a positive relationship with information avoidance behavior. Donald (2003) and Gaspar (2015) provide evidence in their work as a way of attesting that the world makes sure that information that is able to interfere with the inherent cognitive tendencies is shunned. ...
This paper explores the effects of information overload, irrelevance and fear of missing out on social network fatigue and how social network fatigue has impact on avoidance behavior. This study used quantitative research design and used a survey approach. The data was empirically tested by a survey of 300 Pakistani university students using the social networks service (Facebook). The smartPLS was used to analyze the data. The results show that FOMO, information overload and information irrelevance have positive effect on the social network fatigue. The findings also show the significant relationship between the FOMO and information overload and information irrelevance had association with information overload. The social network fatigue has significant effect on the avoidance behavior. Thus, investigating what triggers users’ social network fatigue and avoidance behavior has been an emerging theme in the recent years, yet there is a lack of discourse that investigates factors of social network fatigue which causes avoidance behavior. In this regrag, the outcomes obtained from the study enhance the understanding of adverse consequences related to the social network usage.
... Information-seeking behaviour is defined by Ajiboye (2007) as a means and style of obtaining and gathering information for one's usage, knowledge update, and development. With the development of technology, information search, information use, and information-seeking behaviour have taken on new aspects (Case and Given, 2016). Scholars and academics are interested in examining the relationship between technologies, such as social media, and information-seeking behaviour, as a result of these rapid changes. ...
Purpose – The aim of this paper is to contribute to sustainable development in higher education by exploring the online information behaviour (OIB) of first-year full-time PhD students. In the case of first year PhD students, there is a high demand for information to complete their tasks and to finalise their studies. The quality of the education these postgraduate students acquire is dependent on their ability to access quality information devoid of barriers. In other words, there seems to be a lack of research on the online information behaviour of postgraduates in their first year of doctoral studies. Design/methodology – The study examined this phenomenon through the case study method, using the interpretivism paradigm and the quantitative approach. Using convenient and purposive sampling methods, 10 first-year PhD students were sampled from the University of Ghana's student population for 2023. A structured interview schedule was used as the instrument for data collection from the participants of the study. Findings – First-year PhD students are faced with online information-seeking barriers such as poor internet connectivity, limited access to online databases and resources, inability to access the needed paid online resources due to financial constraints, information overload, difficulty in acquiring requisite information and lack of information literacy skills and financial resources. These challenges tend to influence the quality of education they receive negatively given the inequalities in their information literacy skills against the literacy skills of second to final-year PhD students. Practical Implications and Conclusion – The study will contribute to literature on the information-seeking behaviour of first-year PhD students. The lack of information on the subject in Ghana is an issue this study seeks to address. The study has shown that postgraduate students at the University of Ghana do not understand their information needs, although they depend heavily on information for their work and survival.
... Моделът на информационно-търсещ процес на Карол Култау е публикуван през 1991 г. и е приложим за всяка една област, но той разглежда информационно-търсещия процес от гледна точка на потребителя на информация, а не 2 Пак там, с. 36. 3 от гледна точка на предлагащия такава. Характерно за него е, че е създаден въз основа на дългогодишни проучвания сред студенти и ученици и е особено подходящ за изследване на информационното поведение в библиотеките. ...
Информационно-търсещият процес е свързан със задоволяване на конкретна информационна потребност, която формира определено информационно поведение. Изследването на
този процес е от съществено значение от една страна за библиотеките, за да могат те адекватно
да посрещнат и удовлетворят нуждите на своите потребители. От друга страна това е важно и
за самите потребители, тъй като по този начин те стават част от процеса, в който библиотеките
се приближават до техните индивидуални потребности. Моделът на Култау на информационно-търсещия процес се базира на изследвания предимно на студенти, което го прави подходящ
за прилагане в университетските библитотеки.
... In library science, information seeking or information seeking is the process of searching for information related to a specific topic on the internet, online databases, journals, institutional repositories, or e-books in the form of news, information, or research to meet information needs and overcome knowledge gaps. This is consistent with Case's assertion (Case, 2002) The deliberate endeavour to obtain information in response to a need or knowledge gap is known as information seeking. Statements were used to reinforce Kwanya(2016) Information seeking is the process of acquiring or obtaining information for specific or general goals. ...
The goal of this study was to discover the information-seeking behaviour of coastal communities in Southeast Sulawesi, which has the second highest marine catch (fish) income in Indonesia, despite the fact that the majority of its territory is made up of oceans, but the people's income is still low and less prosperous, as evidenced by the export value of marine catches still falling under East Java, Jakarta, and South Sulawesi. The data for this study were collected from 105 respondents who used a quantitative technique to fill out a list of information seeking behaviour, while 10 respondents used a qualitative approach, namely in-depth interviews about the hurdles experienced when seeking information. According to the findings of this study, the information seeking behaviour of coastal populations in Southeast Sulawesi is still manual, that is, they still use experiences and feelings by 45.8% of the time, and the barriers they confront in obtaining information are related to technology by 29.1% of the time. The outcomes of the study are directly related to the income obtained by the coastal villages of Southeast Sulawesi, which is still poor and less prosperous
... Morrison (2002) suggests that seeking for information denotes an expression aimed to reach feedback for uncertainty reduction, providing self-evaluation models and knowledge. According to what affirmed by Case (2007) the activity of information-seeking is a crucial and regularly operated part in individually and socially-organized oriented behavior. Agarwal and Prasad (1997), in their seminal work, investigate reticence to accept innovation, considering this conscious choice based on an adequate knowledge construction linked to risks, potentials and characteristics inherent the innovation. ...
The research, in its general lines, tends to open an interpretative perspective on the fact that the bitcoin and blockchain (BTC-BC) phenomenon could be defined primarily through the social learning lens, and in that case would be considered a privileged way to investigate humans' behavior related to the emergent innovations, considering voluntariness in information seeking as antecedent of reduced reticence to acceptance. The approach inherent in the analysis proposed should be considered as exploratory and embryonic, but interesting and crucial for a seminal investigation of the field, due to the rapid emergence of the phenomenon object of the study. The main implication of the interpretative paradigm provided on the BTC-BC scene, considering the social learning view, could be found on the managerial side, thanks to the possible indirect knowledge-based strategy, able to shape an informed social context, promoting the future probable and potentially facilitated application of “disruptive” technologies in several work environments.
... Although there is a wealth of literature on information behaviour (Case and Given, 2016;Given et al., 2023) and, as is evident from papers delivered at Information Seeking in Context (ISIC) conferences, very little research has been done on electronic dictionaries from an information behaviour perspective. Exceptions are Bothma and Fourie (2024), Bothma and Gouws (2022), Bothma and Prinsloo (2013) and Huang and Tarp (2021). ...
Introduction. Extensive conceptualisations of context in information behaviour research do not extend to all contexts revealed in the use of electronic (e)-dictionary and similar e-sources. Information behaviour emphasises users’ contexts and their situations. As intermediaries, examples of using e-dictionaries reveal additional contexts. E-dictionary research and lexicographical insight add additional conceptualisations of information behaviour contexts. Method. Conceptual paper drawing on literature reviews of research on e-dictionaries and conceptualisations of information behaviour contexts, and an exemplar approach to e-dictionary use. Analysis. The literature and dictionary use examples are analysed through an information behaviour lens with added lexicographic insight. Results. Conceptualisations of context in information behaviour research strongly focus on the user (e.g. the need, problem) and specific situations in such contexts, sometimes extending to temporality and spatiality. Information retrieval literature also notes the context of the person who created information and of an intermediary (person or system). Three contexts are evident from e-dictionary use and lexicography: user, information intermediary (dictionary), and word, phrase or text (information source). These contexts might influence information behaviour. Conclusion. The use of e-dictionaries and similar intermediaries, observed with lexicographic insight, can enhance conceptualisations of context in information behaviour, which is of value in the use of information sources and information evaluation.
... Many information behaviour and information seeking models have been discussed in the literature e.g., in the books of Case and Given (2016), Wilson (2022) and Given et al. (2023). Some of these might be used for studies in the context of music. ...
Introduction. Music repertoire selection is a process driven by music conductors. They focus on scoring, ensemble composition, acquisition methods (i.e., acquiring the music). Information needs and seeking are core to repertoire selection and conductors’ tasks/roles. It cannot be considered in isolation; other conductor responsibilities, past experiences, and external factors (e.g., finances) influence the process and information seeking. We report findings from an exploratory study conducted in 2023 with 37 conductors. Method. Brief literature review, triangulated with findings from a mixed-method study. A semi-structured questionnaire collected quantitative data from 37 conductors and individual online interviews collected qualitative data from two conductors. Analysis. Quantitative data revealed typical tasks requiring information, issues to consider in repertoire selection (e.g., text, ensemble capabilities), internet usage and other information seeking activities and sources. Qualitative data elaborated on factors influencing repertoire selection and information seeking e.g., repertoire inspiration and financial factors. Results & discussion. Three core themes influencing information seeking are discussed: process of repertoire selection, user (individual conductor) characteristics, external factors. The repertoire selection (process) is mapped against information seeking behaviour (activities, sources), user characteristics and external factors. Conclusion. Music repertoire selection’s interdependence with other tasks of music conductors, the importance of individuality and inevitable external factors, influence information seeking.
... The engagements that parents have with information on the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy matter because they are the ones making decisions concerning the health of their children. Information behavior refers to the way individuals and families interact with information to locate and access the right information to achieve their goals (Case, 2012). Zhang et al. (2021) applied PMT to investigate parents' COVID-19 vaccination information behavior. ...
Objectives
This research study investigates COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents in charge of vaccinating their adolescents. The study employs the threat and coping appraisals of the Protection Motivation Theory as a framework to examine parents’ information behavior toward vaccinating their adolescents.
Methods
A quantitative research design using online questionnaires was conducted to collect data from Jordanian parents of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old. Using convenience sampling, 1000 questionnaires with closed-ended and Likert scale questions were distributed electronically, and only 467 response were retrieved. The study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze data from 421 responses.
Results
The study found that the information behavior of parents in dealing with perceived vulnerability and response cost of the virus were significant predictors of parents’ vaccination hesitancy. The study has also found that making a vaccination decision based on the available information, response efficacy, and self-efficacy were not significant predictors of vaccination hesitancy. Surprisingly, having information on the perceived severity of the virus was found to increase vaccination hesitancy.
Conclusion
The study provides useful demographic information about the targeted population and suggests that vaccination promotion strategies should focus on providing accurate information about vaccine-related vulnerabilities and lowering response costs. The findings add to the existing literature on vaccination apprehension and can help guide future research and policy decisions.
... Wilson, in his general theory of information behavior, established a connection between need and information seeking; however, "Information seeking is only one aspect of information behaviour: other activities (which may play a part in information discovery) include information exchange or sharing, information transfer to others whose needs are known, as well as the avoidance and rejection of information" [48]. Another definition of information behavior "encompasses information seeking as well as the totality of other unintentional or serendipitous behaviors (such as glimpsing or encountering information), as well as purposive behaviors that do not involve seeking, such as actively avoiding information" [49]. ...
How are scientists coping with misinformation and disinformation? Focusing on the triangle scientists/mis-disinformation/behavior, this study aims to systematically review the literature to answer three research questions: What are the main approaches described in the literature concerning scientists' behavior towards mis-disinformation? Which techniques or strategies are discussed to tackle information disorder? Is there a research gap in including scientists as subjects of research projects concerning information disorder tackling strategies? Following PRISMA 2020 statement, a checklist and flow diagram for reporting systematic reviews, a set of 14 documents was analyzed. Findings revealed that the literature might be interpreted following Wilson and Maceviciute's model as creation, acceptance, and dissemination categories. Crossing over these categories, we advanced three standing points to analyze scientists' positions towards mis-disinformation: inside, inside-out, and outside-in. The stage 'Creation/facilitation' was the least present in our sample, but 'Use/rejection/acceptance' and 'Dissemination' were depicted in the literature retrieved. Most of the literature approaches were about inside-out perspectives, meaning that the topic is mainly studied concerning communication issues. Regarding the strategies against the information disorder, findings suggest that preventive and reactive strategies are simultaneously used. A strong appeal to a multidisciplinary effort against mis-disinformation is widely present but there is a gap in including scientists as subjects of research projects.
... Situational factors include the length, content, and audience of an email (all of which influence the complexity of the email-writing task), while organizational factors include the amount of time and resources available for executing the task. Once these factors are accounted for, they determine the information needs of the user and the subsequent actions the user chooses to take (Case & Given, 2016). In this proposed framework, the email writers consult some combination of internal, online, or social information resources, depending on their perception of the email's task complexity. ...
This study explores the information behaviour of staff working in postsecondary education who write work emails in second-language French (L2). The article is inspired by existing research in public administration and translation. An exploratory study is conducted through the use of semi-structured interviews. Three participants (n=3), bilingual in English and French, shared their experiences preparing work emails in French and discussed their consultation of internal, online, and social information resources. The findings highlight several themes: linguistic identity, reliance on prior L2 knowledge, use of online tools like DeepL and WordReference, and consultation with Francophone colleagues for complex questions. These themes help to shape a proposed framework based on Byström and Järvelin's (1995) model, elaborating a process of information seeking according to perceived task complexity. The model also invokes Zipf’s Principle of Least Effort, demonstrating participants' interest in minimizing time and effort in consulting information resources, while prioritizing accurate email content. Overall, the study illuminates how individuals in postsecondary roles navigate writing work emails in a learned language, outlining their information behaviour and the relationship between internal and external information resources.
... Information-seeking behavior refers to a "conscious effort to acquire information in response to a need or gap in your knowledge" (Case & Given, 2016, p. 6). Research on informationseeking behavior emphasizes the active state of searching rather than passive information acquisition (Case & Given, 2016;Wilson, 1997). The fields of communication, information science, and psychology have developed models to explain people's information-seeking behavior. ...
Sex trafficking is a prominent human rights issue that has been increasingly associated with the hosting of large-scale sport events. Despite insufficient evidence demonstrating a causal or correlative link, event stakeholders have implemented antitrafficking efforts in attempts to prevent and promote awareness of sex trafficking. Using Google Trends data to measure audiences’ information-seeking behavior online and Twitter data as a proxy for antitrafficking efforts on social media, we employed a difference-in-differences approach to estimate the change in online demand for sex-trafficking information among the residents of Miami-Dade, the host city of Super Bowl LIV (54). Findings highlight an increase in the online demand for sex-trafficking information in the host city during and after the event. This increased demand attributed to the Super Bowl may offer support for host communities utilizing sport events to promote awareness of pressing social issues.
... We have argued that the twentieth century should be thought of as the Broadcast Era in terms of information production and dissemination, epitomized by the successive rise of radio, motion pictures, and television (as well as mass circulation newspapers and magazines). The twenty-first century should be characterized as the Internet Era, representing a new decentralized system of just-in-time information acquisition (Case and Given, 2016;Johnson and Case, 2012;Miller et al., 2021;Pew Research Center, 2017;Prior, 2007). A key behavior related to information acquisition in the Internet Era is individual-initiated efforts to find information and Model 3 includes a measure of this behavior 7 (see Table S6 in the SOM section III). ...
The public acceptance of evolution remains a contentious issue in the United States. Numerous investigations have used national cross-sectional studies to examine the factors associated with the acceptance or rejection of evolution. This analysis uses a 33-year longitudinal study that followed the same 5000 public-school students from grade 7 through midlife (ages 45–48) and is the first to do so in regard to evolution. A set of structural equation models demonstrate the complexity and changing nature of influences over these three decades. Parents and local influences are strong during the high school years. The combination of post-secondary education and occupational and family choices demonstrate that the 15 years after high school are the switchyards of life.
This study examined the epistemological beliefs and information-seeking behavior of 350 first-year Lanao del Sur graduate students. Descriptive statistics were used for frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Moreover, inferential statistics such as Chi-Square, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and regression analysis were used to test the significant difference and relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The salient findings include epistemological beliefs regarding the acquisition of knowledge, which got the highest mean, while the learning speed got the lowest mean. The level of information-seeking behavior was highest in preparing to present. The findings disclosed a significant difference in the information-seeking behavior of the graduate students when grouped according to their characteristics. Epistemological beliefs showed a positive relationship towards information-seeking behavior. This means that the null hypothesis is rejected. In conclusion, most respondents have the highest degree of epistemological beliefs towards acquiring knowledge and have the highest level of information-seeking behavior in preparing to present. Their’ information-seeking behavior varies according to their characteristics, which include sex, age, civil status, course enrolled in, number of hours spent in Internet search, and nature of work. The epistemological beliefs have a bearing on information-seeking behavior. It is then recommended that the graduate students be assisted in developing thorough and productive research skills. Second, schools should encourage librarian and faculty collaboration in teaching research methods to graduate students.
CONTENTS
Introduction
1 The Term and Meaning of Media Manipulation
2 Effects of Media Manipulation
3 Methods of Media Manipulation
4 Techniques of Media Manipulation
5 Manipulation in Media Dictionaries
6 Media Manipulation of Public Opinion
7 Manipulation in Political Reporting and Discourse
8 Manipulation in Advertising
9 Manipulation in the Digital Space
10 Journalism Without Manipulation
>>>>> CITED AS: Tkáčová, H. 2022. Trójsky kôň masmédií – manipulácia. Vydavateľstvo P+M, Turany, 179 s. ISBN 978-80-89410-46-0.
Целта на статията е да проследи развитието на комуникацията
потребител-информация в унисон с развитието на информационните и комуникационните технологии. Заобикалящата ни среда е фактор, който оказва
въздействие върху моделите на поведение на потребителите в библиотеките.
Скоростното навлизане на изкуствения интелект поставя нови предизвикателства пред потребителите и библиотеките, защото се променя моделът на
комуникация и се преминава към нов вид услуги и ресурси. Адаптирането
на моделите в съответствие с новите тенденции показва развитието на средата и на потребителя. Чрез проследяване на тези модели и прилагането им
в практиката се постига по-добра комуникация на потребителя с информацията, опосредствана от услугите и ресурсите, които предлагат библиотеките. Новите условия на информационната среда, в която библиотеките трябва
да работят, поставят редица предизвикателства, чието решение трябва да
намерят и да предложат на своите потребители. В статията се прави анализ
на промени в поведението в традиционни ситуации, както и в кризисни,
каквато е пандемията с корона вируса. Изведени са обобщения с цел установяване на съвременни процеси и явления в поведението на потребителите в
библиотеките при анализиране на Chat GPT, софтуери, алгоритми, изкуствен
интелект.
Събирането, опазването, съхранението и разпространението на книжовното наследство са приоритет на българските библиотеки. Съхранението и опазването на книжнината
е обект на редица технически методи и технологични решения, с които то остава достъпно за
поколенията. Популяризирането на тези ценни издания става чрез способите за дигитализиране на текстовете, които освен функция по защита на изданието, изпълняват и функция да го
направят достъпно за всеки един заинтересован от него. Дигитализирането на тези обекти е
задължително за представянето им пред широката публика, но библиотеките трябва да насочат
усилията си и към споделянето на тези ценности с повече потребители. Връзката между потребността на индивида и библиотеката е обект на настоящата разработка, в която ще направя
паралел между изучаването на информационните потребности на потребителите и възможностите на библиотеките да отговорят на тези потребности чрез включването им в образователния процес, което е една от възможностите за прокламиране на значението на книжовното
наследство.
This chapter reviews extant literature on information needs and uses of the informal sector entrepreneurs of Uganda. The review is based on the study conducted from 1999 to 2002. By this time, studies on information needs were already forty years old since the early writing and exposition by Taylor in 1962, 1968. Motivation to the study is that the informal sector whose entrepreneurs were studied, had during this time relatively few studies of information needs and uses undertaken in developing Africa and within Uganda there was no empirical evidence to rely on to the size, nature, range, and activities of the sector. There is also a wide information gap in government, NGOs and other stakeholders on the sector regarding what they do and yet the sector contributes to the national economy. However the sector is part of the Ugandan economy that is deeply rooted in the history, customs and culture of the country. It is the second economy that has demonstrated remarkable ability to survive and expand in recent years. To understand the information needs and uses of entrepreneurs, their demographic and business characteristics are highlighted and empirically tested. Qualitative research methodologies, applying critical incidence technique for interviews of informal entrepreneurs from various trades was employed. Observations of entrepreneurs’ work environments and historical methods were engaged. Results suggest modern/exotic models of information transfer based on textual media and ICT, exhibit less impact on the entrepreneurs’ information needs and use at macro levels because of illiteracy, low levels of education and poor information infrastructure. Most ‘elite’ models share a platform with information behavior of entrepreneurs at the micro levels. The conclusion is drawn that an appropriate model for information behavior for information poor communities like the informal entrepreneurs must be grounded on oral traditions and indigenous knowledge and should be sensitive to poverty, infrastructure and illiteracy. There is need for information repackaging and use of appropriate media for information provision.
This study delves into the evolution and current state of information-seeking behavior research within the field of Library and Information Science (LIS). Through an informetric approach, the study traces the trajectory of this research area from 1961 to 2023, examining publication trends, mapping author-supplied keywords, and assessing its dispersion across different disciplines. The findings reveal a consistent pattern of exponential growth in publications, reflecting the enduring relevance and vitality of information-seeking and behaviour research. Despite recent debates questioning its significance, the study underscores the interdisciplinary nature of this field and its integral role in understanding how individuals interact with information in diverse contexts. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of technological advancements, societal changes, and emerging research priorities on shaping the trajectory of information-seeking behaviour research. By integrating perspectives from psychology, sociology, computer science, and other disciplines, researchers continue to advance knowledge in this area, addressing contemporary challenges such as information overload and misinformation. The study emphasizes the continued importance of information-seeking and behaviour research in informing practice, policy, and the design of information systems in the digital age.
ntroduction: Today, public library functions are the main source for entertaining reading. Preparing suitable novels for readers is one of the main advantages of public libraries. It seems that several factors are involved in preparing a suitable novel for the reader. Therefore, the present research examines the recognition of the readers' point of view about suitable fiction books in public libraries through the implementation of a qualitative study. The purpose of this research is to know the opinion of readers about suitable fiction books in public libraries through the implementation of a qualitative study.
Method: This research is based on a qualitative study; A semi-structured interview was used to collect the data and the content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The interviewees are 16 members of the central public library of Ardabil province who visit the library in person.
Findings: Based on the findings of the research, the author's name was the most important criteria for readers to choose a book and lend it to the public library. The typology of readers is based on their literary tendencies, each of which has different views on the appropriate story and the method of accessing it.
Discussion and conclusion: Since public libraries are considered as the main center of providing entertainment and reading texts, therefore, the identification of the readers of these sources according to their literary orientation in the library by the librarians will play an effective role in choosing the suitable story book for them.
This chapter investigates the cultural effects on information seeking behaviour in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) universities. The region's unique conservative and collectivist culture played a great role in students' information seeking behaviour. The study was based on Hofstede's cultural concepts of collectivism versus individualism and power distance. It includes also Hall's concept of time cultural dimension. These concepts are measured by information needs, query formulation, task execution, and interacting with systems. It was found that culture has significant effects on students' information needs, query formulation, task execution, and interacting with systems. Undergraduates are more affected by culture, while graduates and postgraduates showed little impact. Cultural impacts on information seeking activities are valuable in adopting new technologies in the libraries, which should culturally be acceptable for better acceptance, utilisation, and implementation. It is culture that hinders people from using some browsers, interfaces, and even databases.
Since the ascent of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to power in 2014 under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, concerns have been raised regarding the appropriation or undermining of the legacies of India’s prominent leaders and the promotion of specific figures to reshape historical narratives by promoting right-wing Hindutva ideology. The study investigates these claims by examining changes in public perception of three significant historical personalities, Mohandas Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Vallabhbhai Patel. Information seeking behavior is used as the theoretical basis to explain any change in public interest, measured using Google search volumes from 2004 to 2023. The data is split into two 10-year subsets centered around 2014 corresponding to BJP’s rise to power. Welch’s t-test is applied to the data to measure if there is any change in search volumes after 2014.Results show an increased interest in Sardar Patel during the period 2014 to 2023 and possible reasons are analyzed. However, no statistically significant changes were observed for Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi. There is no evidence to suggest that the legacies of these personalities are being suppressed or appropriated to align with a Hindutva narrative, or that such actions, if any, have had any statistically significant impact on public interest.
An important question about moral progress is what causes it. One of the most popular proposed mechanisms is moral reasoning: moral progress often happens because lots of people reason their way to improved moral beliefs. Authors who defend moral reasoning as a cause of moral progress have relied on two broad lines of argument: the general and the specific line. The general line presents evidence that moral reasoning is in general a powerful mechanism of moral belief change, while the specific line tries to establish that moral reasoning can explain specific historical examples of moral progress. In this paper, we examine these lines in detail, using Kumar and Campbell’s (2022, A Better Ape: The Evolution of the Moral Mind and How It Made Us Human. Oxford University Press) model of rational moral progress to sharpen our focus. For each line, we explain the empirical assumptions it makes; we then argue that the available evidence supports none of these assumptions. We conclude that at this point, we have no idea if moral reasoning causes moral progress.
Introduction. This study investigates information practices to develop multi-professional work in the planning of healthy living environments in and around urban planning. Method. A qualitative approach was used to study information practices in two city organisations in Finland. 16 professionals working in urban planning, urban planning, traffic, landscaping, promotion of well-being and environmental health and protection were interviewed in semi-structural interviews. Analysis. Interview data was analysed with content analysis, focusing on the information practices in their organisational and multi-professional context. Results. The professionals maintained and developed information practices to use, seek, share and create information in their work on urban planning within city organisations and in the stakeholder networks. Conclusion. The complexity of information-based decision-making can be understood by understanding the wide range of information practices as using, seeking, sharing, and creating information in multi-professional work. In addition, it is important to note, that also organising and managing both information and information practices are needed in information-based decision-making.
The idea of this book series is for the scientists, scholars, engineers and students from the Universities all around the world and the industry to present ongoing research activities, and hence to foster research relations between the Universities and the industry. The purpose of this book is to provide a focal forum to share the latest research findings, knowledge, opinions, suggestions, and vision, while also providing a variety of interactive platforms in the field of Social Science
This study examined health information–seeking behavior among cancer survivors, including informational sources used and the factors correlated with information-seeking across different racial/ethnic groups. We used data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (2017–2022). Adjusted logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of information-seeking by race/ethnicity. Predicting variables were organized into demographic (age, education, race, income, and comorbidity), enabling (having health insurance, having a regular provider, and frequency of care visits), predisposing (quality of care, self-efficacy, and confidence in one’s ability to get information), and reinforcing (patient-centered communication, ease of getting information, and confusing information available) factors based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model. We included 4723 cancer survivors, of which 15.41% have breast cancer, 17.50% have skin cancer, and 11.11% have prostate cancer. A majority (75.08%) had sought health information. Healthcare providers were the most preferred sources of information across demographic groups, followed by the Internet. Health insurance, a regular provider, and frequent visits were enabling factors that positively influenced information-seeking behavior. Confidence in getting information when needed and self-efficacy were predisposing factors positively associated with the information-seeking behavior. Finally, reinforcing factors (ease of getting information and non-confusion of the information available) were also positively associated with information-seeking. Study findings suggest that one-fourth of cancer survivors had not sought cancer-related information. The results have implications for identifying patients at increased risk for unmet information needs. They also contribute to our understanding of critical racial differences and similarities. Further, findings can help guide interventions to assist in information seeking based on patient preferences.
The objective of increasing productivity and therefore the wealth created by beekeeping SMEs remains at the heart of the debates. The aim of this paper is to analyze integration into global value chains on the economic performance of beekeeping SMEs, used data collected on a snowball and matched sample of 105 integrated beekeeping SMEs. At the end of the analyses, the student's t test, generally significant at the 1% threshold, shows that a beekeeping SME would gain an average Net Income of (1199155.43 ± 369430.96 FCFA/ha) when it integrates in the international market. Thus, an active beekeeping man-day would earn remuneration of (8327.46825 ± 2565.49278 FCFA/Man-Day) when the beekeeping SME participates in the international market, much higher than what a man-day would earn when the SME participates in the market regional (5248.50503 ± 821.143995 FCFA/Man-Day) and the national market (4399.41 ± 1003.58 FCFA/Man-Day). Finally, from the apparently independent regression (SURE), it appears that the variables, use of a digital IEC platform; the certification of the cash crop, the cooperative organization and the level of education have a positive and significant influence on the economic performance of beekeeping SMEs.
Objectives
Exploring clinical information-seeking behaviour (CISB) and its associated factors contributes to its theoretical advancement and offers a valuable framework for addressing physicians’ information needs. This study delved into the dimensions, interactions, strategies and determinants of CISB among physicians at the point of care.
Design
A grounded theory study was developed based on Strauss and Corbin’s approach. Data were collected by semistructured interviews and then analysed through open, axial and selective coding.
Setting
The study was conducted at academic centres affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.
Participants
This investigation involved recruiting 21 specialists and subspecialists from the academic centres.
Results
The findings revealed that physicians’ CISB encompassed multiple dimensions when addressing clinical inquiries. Seven principal themes emerged from the analysis: ‘clinical information needs’, ‘clinical question characteristics’, ‘clinical information resources’, ‘information usability’, ‘factors influencing information seeking’, ‘action/interaction encountering clinical questions’ and ‘consequences of CISB’. The core category identified in this study was ‘focused attention’.
Conclusions
The theoretical explanation demonstrated that the CISB process was interactive and dynamic. Various stimuli, including causal, contextual and intervening conditions, guide physicians in adopting information-seeking strategies and focusing on resolving clinical challenges. However, insufficient stimuli may hinder physicians’ engagement in CISB. Understanding CISB helps managers, policy-makers, clinical librarians and information system designers optimally implement several interventions, such as suitable training methods, reviewing monitoring and evaluating information systems, improving clinical decision support systems, electronic medical records and electronic health records, as well as monitoring and evaluating these systems. Such measures facilitate focused attention on clinical issues and promote CISB among physicians.
As pesquisas brasileiras na área de odontologia se destacam no cenário mundial, analisa-se a relação da informação científica produzida e a influência no comportamento informacional do cirurgião-dentista que necessita constantemente de atualização para sua prática clínica. O método utilizado consistiu no levantamento de indicadores bibliométricos na área de odontologia publicados no SCimago de 1996 a 2009 e revisão bibliográfica de artigos que tratem da temática informação e comunicação científica na área de odontologia no Brasil que estivessem relacionados com aspectos relevantes para se analisar o comportamento informacional dos cirurgiões-dentistas, tais como periódicos mais lidos, a informação científica na prática clínica, entre outros.
Introduction. The aim of this paper is to explore the investigation of information-seeking behaviour in the literature of psychology, with special reference to the period before 1981, when the term was introduced into information science, and compare the research of that period, with research reported in 2022-2023. Method. A search of the literature for the term ‘information-seeking behaviour’ was carried out in Web of Science and Scopus for the period 1900 to 1980 and from January 2022 to May 2023, producing two data sets for analysis. Analysis. Descriptive analysis of sources and geographic distribution of the papers is presented. This is followed by an analysis of the research themes and approaches. Results. In the early set of papers the main context of the research was educational and career counselling and the main research perspective social learning theory, with an emphasis on the concept of locus of control. In the later set, the main theoretical interest was in aspects of cognition, with a particular interest in curiosity. Conclusion. There is much that the information science research can learn and apply from the literature of psychology. In particular, social learning theory, cognitive theory, and the associated research instruments could be of value.
An ethnographic approach to document analysis is offered based on principles of qualitative data collection and analysis. It is proposed that numeric as well as narrative data be collected when studying such documents as TV new and movies. Ethnographic content analysis is briefly contrasted with conventional modes of quantitative content analysis to illustrate the usefulness of constant comparison for discovering emergent patterns, emphases and themes in an analysis of TV news coverage of the Iranian hostage situation. It is suggested that an ethnographic perspective can help delineate patterns of human action when document analysis is conceptualized as fieldwork.
Citations support the communication of specialist knowledge by allowing authors and readers to make specific selections in several
contexts at the same time. In the interactions between the social network of (first-order) authors and the network of their
reflexive (that is, second-order) communications, a sub-textual code of communication with a distributed character has emerged.
The recursive operation of this dual-layered network induces the perception of a cognitive dimension in scientific communication.Citation analysis reflects on citation practices. Reference lists are aggregated in scientometric analysis using one (or sometimes two) of
the available contexts to reduce the complexity: geometrical representations (‘mappings’) of dynamic operations are reflected
in corresponding theories of citation. For example, a sociological interpretation of citations can be distinguished from an
information-theoretical one. The specific contexts represented in the modern citation can be deconstructed from the perspective
of the cultural evolution of scientific communication.
This paper provides explicit characteristics of those two-part tariffs which maximize profit and consumers' plus producer's surplus. The effect of consumption externalities (as in telecommunications systems) is then explored. The characterizations are in terms of elasticities of demand with respect to price, income, and the number of other customers in the system.
A model based on strikingly different philosophical as. sumptions from those currently popular is proposed for the design of online subject catalog access. Three de- sign principles are presented and discussed: uncer- tainty (subject indexing is indeterminate and probabilis- tic beyond a certain point), variety (by Ashby's law of requisite variety, variety of searcher query must equal variety of document indexing), and complexity (the search process, particularly during the entry and orien- tation phases, is subtler and more complex, on several grounds, than current models assume). Design features presented are an access phase, including entry and ori- entation, a hunting phase, and a selection phase. An end-user thesaurus and a front-end system mind are presented as examples of online catalog system com- ponents to improve searcher success during entry and orientation. The proposed model is "wrapped around" existing Library of Congress subject-heading indexing in such a way as to enhance access greatly without requiring reindexing. It is argued that both for cost reasons and in principle this is a superior approach to other design phi- losophies.
Although decision-making analysis has been widely pursued in political science and other fields, most emphasize an outcome orientation, ignoring (or assuming away) the process by which decisions are made. This study treats the process of decision making at the small group level by applying the cognitive information processing model to the methods by which search behavior reduces uncertainty in the collective environment. After examining the theoretical constraints on search behavior, an experiment is performed on student subjects with two of the constraints—information level and decision rule—operationalized as treatment variables on the volume and type of search by individuals in a small group environment. The findings suggest that increasing information availability and requiring consensus decisions will increase search, but that subjects are easily overloaded with information, increasing—not reducing—their uncertainty about their decisions.
Increasingly, the Internet is proving to be an important research tool. Today, cyberspace affords researchers easy access
to traditionally difficult to reach populations, a host of virtual communities, and a wealth of data created through computer-mediated-communication.
This newfound research frontier brings with it, however, a multiplicity of ethical concerns, including: (1) whether the Internet
constitutes a private or public space; (2) whether the human subject paradigm is appropriate when considering the ethics of
Internet research; and (3) whether cyber participants/‘speakers-as-writers’ and communities should be guaranteed confidentiality
and anonymity when researchers contain or consider them in research. This paper examines these specific ethical concerns as
they relate to Canada's Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans, which, as yet, does not explicitly address ethics involved in Internet research. I propose that in large part the Internet
is by definition a public site of activity, and as such, many posters cannot expect their texts to remain confidential, nor
their names anonymous, and that the human subject paradigm is highly problematic in terms of regulating ethics involved in
some research generated through new information technologies. This is most expressly the case with computer-mediated-communication,
which, in light of the Tri-Council Policy Statement, can be viewed as theoretically akin to public entertainment and performance.