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Floridi's Philosophy of Information and Information Ethics: Current Perspectives, Future Directions

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In order to evaluate Floridi's philosophy of information (PI) and correlative information ethics (IE) as potential frameworks for a global information and computing ethics (ICE), I review a range of important criticisms, defenses, and extensions of PI and IE, along with Floridi's responses to these, as gathered together in a recent special issue of Ethics and Information Technology. A revised and expanded version of PI and IE emerges here, one that brings to the foreground PI's status as a philosophical naturalism—one with both current application and important potential in the specific domains of privacy and information law. Further, the pluralism already articulated by Floridi in his PI is now more explicitly coupled with an ethical pluralism in IE that will be enhanced through IE's further incorporation of discourse ethics. In this form, PI and IE emerge as still more robust frameworks for a global ICE; in this form, however, they also profoundly challenge modern Western assumptions regarding reality, the self, and our ethical obligations.
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... A Figura 14 apresenta a distribuição dos estudantes por faixa de renda familiar, segundo tipo de curso. Os estudantes de Medicina são os de mais alta renda, seguidos pelos de Direito, o que é consistente com achados da literatura, em particular de Beltrão & Mandarino(2014). ...
... No entanto, a literatura internacional consultada assume o ProInfo, de 1997, como primeira política de uso de TICs na educação. Ver Valdivia(2014) eMorales (2015).Sunkel (2006) situa o Brasil entre os países com programas iniciados na segunda metade da década de 90, mas faz uma ressalva observando que a informática educativa já existia há muitos anos no país e resgatando o projeto EDUCOM e o programa Proninfe, ambos implementados na década de 1980. 8 "La creación de la red escolar buscaba instalar gradualmente una infraestructura que permitiese a alumnos y profesores conectarse mediante proyectos, intercambiar experiencias educativas y reducir el aislamiento de muchas escuelas." ...
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Esse livro é o resultado de muitos anos de pesquisas e colaborações. O último de uma série de projetos financiados pelo International Development Research Centre (IDRC) e desenvolvidos pelo Centro de Tecnologia e Sociedade da FGV, foi pensado em rede e costurado por muitas mãos. Ao olhar para os processos de digitalização, a série à qual esse livro pertence tentou entender desdobramentos e impactos de novas tecnologias na produção cultural em diferentes setores. Aqui apresentamos a última análise da série, trazendo debates e vozes do ecossistema de acesso à materiais educacionais no Brasil. A ideia de se olhar para o ecossistema e tentar entender seus atores e relações de poder nos ajudou a entrar em contato com a realidade multifacetada da produção, disseminação e acesso ao conhecimento científico no país. O Brasil vem passando por diversas mudanças, tanto nas políticas públicas de educação, quanto no fomento à pesquisa e inovação, o que tem incrementado a complexidade de algumas dinâmicas apresentadas neste livro. Outras, todavia, permanecem como um desafio para a sociedade civil, pesquisadores e formuladores de políticas públicas, como a defasada Lei de Direitos Autorais de 1998, cujos esforços acumulados em mais de uma década para sua reforma encontram-se dissipados. A relevância dos questionamentos apresentados aqui soma-se aos esforços da garantia de acesso (à cultura, ao conhecimento, à medicamentos), de liberdade de expressão e autonomia universitária. Reunimos diversos especialistas e atores do ecossistema que oferecem um importante panorama sobre pesquisa, legislação e políticas públicas.
... These concerns include the following: that the nature of privacy is being overcomplicated; that the human subject with its subjective view of the world is being lost in a focus on objective impersonal information; and that, since all informational entities have a moral value, it becomes difficult to deal with conflicting interests with respect to privacy. We suggest, following Floridi (2008Floridi ( , 2013 and Ess (2009), that the last point is easily dealt with; although it is true that all informational entities have a moral value, it is not an equal one, and choices and priorities can be established. The second point appears to be a misunderstanding due to an oversimplified view of Floridi's position, specifically the use of levels of abstraction; there is ample scope for consideration of the subjective personal viewpoint in this model. ...
... Tavani (2008a) suggests that it could incorporate other insights, such as Nissenbaum's "privacy as contextual integrity." This is a strong argument for Floridi's model, since it appears highly hospitable to, rather than competitive with, contextuallyspecific privacy models and concepts; see Ess (2009) for an early argument along these lines. Furthermore, the basic concepts within Floridi's model may be used to develop formal contextual models for digital privacy, using concepts of information accessibility, information gap, information flow, and ontological friction; see, for example, Primiero (2016). ...
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This conceptual article argues for the value of an approach to privacy in the digital information environment informed by Luciano Floridi's philosophy of information and information ethics. This approach involves achieving informational privacy, through the features of anonymity and obscurity, through an optimal balance of ontological frictions. This approach may be used to modify models for information behavior and for information literacy, giving them a fuller and more effective coverage of privacy issues in the infosphere. For information behavior, the Information Seeking and Communication Model and the Information Grounds conception are most appropriate for this purpose. For information literacy, the metaliteracy model, using a modification a privacy literacy framework, is most suitable.
... 295). Στόχος του είναι µέσα από την κριτική προσέγγιση των διαθέσιµων θεωρητικών µοντέλων να προτείνει ένα νέο µοντέλο, τόσο θεωρητικό όσο και εφαρµοσµένο, για τη δηµοσιογραφική ηθική µέσα στις συνθήκες της παγκοσµιοποίησης (Seid, 2002), της σύγκλισης των Μέσων (Jenkins, 2006) και της ψηφιακής εποχής (Ess, 2009). ...
... Υπάρχουν όµως και προσεγγίσεις που αντλούν από το υπόδειγµα (paradigm) των Πολιτισµικών Σπουδών, όπως π.χ. οι στρουκτουραλιστικές και µεταστρουκτοραλιστικες, µεταφεµινιστικές και κοινωνικές κονστρουξιονιστικές που εστιάζουν στην πολιτισµική και φιλοσοφική διάσταση του θέµατος της ηθικής και αναζητούν τις ιστορικές, πολιτισµικές και πολιτικοκοινωνικές συνθήκες γύρω από το θέµα (π.χ.Ess, 2009; Consalvo & Ess, 2011.Η κεντρική συζήτηση του Ward σχετίζεται µε την πιθανότητα και δυνατότητα ανάπτυξης µιας παγκόσµιας ατζέντας για τη δηµοσιογραφική ηθική, την οποία και αναπτύσσει, αφού έχει προβεί σε µια σχετική ιστορική αναδροµή (πέντε στάδια εξέλιξης της δηµοσιογραφικής ηθικής) και σε µια κριτική συζήτηση των προσεγγίσεων της Κριτικής Θεωρίας. Η θέση του, ότι µπορεί να υπάρχει µια παγκόσµια ατζέντα δηµοσιογραφικής ηθικής, προϋποθέτει την ύπαρξη µιας κοσµοπολιτικής δηµοσιογραφικής προσέγγισης: Θεωρεί ότι µε την εδραίωση πια των διαδικτυακών Μέσων όλοι οι άνθρωποι -και βέβαια οι δηµοσιογράφοι-έρχονται και αποκτούν πολλές και διαφορετικές πολιτισµικές προσλαµβάνουσες. ...
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This student book discusses issues of journalism ethics within a broader concept of how we understand, negotiate and embody ethics in western culture. The work of Charles Ess on ethics and digital culture as well as the work of Michel Foucault on governmentally have been influential in how the terms and debates discussed in this book are conceptualised.
... IS research has a long history of examining and ensuring the ethical use of computers and curating this knowledge (Chatterjee et al., 2009;Kallman, 1992;Stahl, 2008). Various frameworks, principles, and guidelines have been established to support researchers and practitioners in the ethical use of computers (Ess, 2009;Harrington, 1996;King, 1996;Sojer et al., 2014). Nonetheless, Stahl noted in 2008 that there were only a small number of IS papers dealing with ethics. ...
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The ethical dimensions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) constitute a salient topic in information systems (IS) research and beyond. There is an increasing number of journal and conference articles on how AI should be designed and used. For this, IS research offers and curates knowledge not only on the ethical dimensions of information technologies, but also on their acceptance and impact. However, the current discourse on the ethical dimensions of AI is highly unstructured and seeks clarity. As conventional systematic literature research has been criticized for lacking in performance, we applied an adapted discourse approach to identify the most relevant articles within the debate. As the fundamental manuscripts within the discourse were not obvious, we used a weighted citation-based technique to identify fundamental manuscripts and their relationships within the field of AI ethics across disciplines. Starting from an initial sample of 175 papers, we extracted and further analyzed 12 fundamental manuscripts and their citations. Although we found many similarities between traditionally curated ethical principles and the identified ethical dimensions of AI, no IS paper could be classified as fundamental to the discourse. Therefore, we derived our own ethical dimensions on AI and provided guidance for future IS research.
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