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Influence of Diesel fuels containing FAME on engine lube oil degradation and particulate matter (PM) emission
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The paper describes significant problems related to influence of Diesel biofuels on engine lube oil deterioration. It was demonstrated by monitoring the engine oil aging and performance changing during its operation in modern high speed direct injection (HSDI) light duty (LD) engine through the use of bench tests. This engine has been equipped with modern common rail (C R) type fuel injection system. In our study, to determine when and how the engine lubricant properties have been depleted, taking advantage of standard oil analysis as well as innovative methods, made among other things extensive analysis of engine bulk lubricant oxidation tests and thin lubricant film oxidation tests. At the same time aspires to discern diesel biofuels (including different quantity of FAME) influence on direct injection nozzle coking and deposit formation on the inside surfaces of injectors component parts. As a result of conducted investigations has been stated potential hazards of FAME contained in diesel fuel, for engine lubricant degradation and for correct in-system performance of CR system.
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Increasing interest in biofuels-specifically, biodiesel as a pathway to energy diversity and security-have necessitated the need for research on the performance and utilization of these fuels and fuel blends in current and future vehicle fleets. One critical research area is related to achieving a full understanding of the impact of biodiesel fuel blends on advanced emission control systems. In addition, the use of biodiesel fuel blends can degrade diesel engine oil performance and impact the oil drain interval requirements. There is limited information related to the impact of biodiesel fuel blends on oil dilution. This paper assesses the oil dilution impacts on an engine operating in conjunction with a diesel particle filter (DPF), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) storage, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) emission control system, and a 20% biodiesel (soy-derived) fuel blend. The main focus was on the biodiesel oil dilution levels observed during an accelerated aging protocol and an assessment of the potential impacts on the engine and emissions control systems. For the NOx storage system (which requires a late in-cylinder fuel injection for regeneration), biodiesel oil dilution levels ranged from 5%-10%. For the SCR system (which used a urea solution as a reductant and late in-cylinder fuel injection for diesel particle filter regeneration), biodiesel oil dilution ranged from <4%-8%. These observations were made over typical oil drain intervals. Despite these observed biodiesel oil dilution levels, there were no observed impacts on performance of the engine or the emission control systems.
This study explored the effect of oil dilution with biodiesel and ultra low sulfur diesel fuel on acidity and corrosion in two lubricants with API service ratings of CJ-4 and CI-4+. The oils were diluted to levels of 0%, 5% and 10% with ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD), 20% biodiesel (B-20) and 100% biodiesel (B-100). For each case, the mixture of fuel and oil was subjected to oxidation tests using a procedure similar to ASTM D6594. The oxidation resistance of the CJ-4 and CI-4+ lubricants was similar in each case. The advanced formulation of the CJ-4 lubricant gave comparable overall performance to the CI-4+ lubricant, despite reduced levels of metallic additive compounds. The highest levels of lubricant degradation occurred when the lubricants were diluted with B-100. A substantial increase in acidity was observed when the oils were diluted with B-100. Moderate levels of copper and lead corrosion were observed in the tests with no fuel dilution, and dilution with ULSD. An order magnitude increase in corrosive wear was seen in the tests with B-100. Lower corrosion occurred with the CJ-4 lubricant.
Badanie wpływu oleju smarującego silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym na emisję cząstek stałych w spalinach przy zasilaniu silnika paliwem z biokomponentami. Dokumentacja ITN nr 4085
- Z Stępień
- W Urzędowska
Stępień Z., Urzędowska W.: Badanie wpływu oleju smarującego silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym na emisję cząstek
stałych w spalinach przy zasilaniu silnika paliwem z biokomponentami. Dokumentacja ITN nr 4085/2007.
Impacts of Biodiesel Fuel Blends Oil Dilution on Light-Duty Diesel Engine Operation
- M J Thornton
- T L Alleman
- J Luecke
- R L Mccormic
Thornton M.J., Alleman T.L., Luecke J., McCormic R.L.:
Impacts of Biodiesel Fuel Blends Oil Dilution on Light-Duty
Diesel Engine Operation. SAE International Powertrains,
Fuels and Lubricants Meeting, June 15-17, 2009 Florence,
Italy.
Porównawcze badania degradacji oleju smarowego w silniku wysokoprężnym z bezpośrednim, wysokociśnieniowym wtryskiem paliwa, zasilanym standardowym olejem napędowym lub olejem napędowym zawierającym FAME
- W Urzędowska
- Z Stępień
Urzędowska W., Stępień Z.: Porównawcze badania degradacji oleju smarowego w silniku wysokoprężnym z bezpośrednim, wysokociśnieniowym wtryskiem paliwa, zasilanym
standardowym olejem napędowym lub olejem napędowym
zawierającym FAME. Dokumentacja INiG nr 0085/TE/08.
Badanie form zużycia układów wtrysku paliwa w czasie eksploatacji silników z zapłonem samoczynnym
- Z Stępień
- W Urzędowska
- K Rożniatowski
Stępień Z., Urzędowska W., Rożniatowski K.: Badanie
form zużycia układów wtrysku paliwa w czasie eksploatacji
silników z zapłonem samoczynnym. Dokumentacja INiG
nr 0938/TE/08.