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How do patients experience stress caused by hospitalization and how do nurses perceive this stress experienced by patients. A comparative study.
Abstract
It has been acknowledged that, in general, stress caused by hospitalization and hospital care may hinder patient recovery and in some cases it may cause potentially life-threatening psychological changes. Hospitalization and subsequent treatment and medical care constitute a period of anxiety for the patients and a severe anxiety-causing situation. This fact has been confirmed by a large number of researches studying many different kinds of hospital care. Many factors were reported to contribute to this anxiety, including those relating to an illness such as pain, anxiety or improvement and recovery, and factors relating to hospital stay such as sleeping in a strange bed or sharing a hospital room with others. Most health professionals are aware of this and try to alleviate this stress by following various procedures in the hope that the patient gains some assurance and experiences less stress. However, how accurately are health professionals informed about those factors, which cause stress to patients, in a hospital area, as well as their importance? This research study aims at exploring these very areas. More specifically, the study used a sample consisting of 35 nurses and 100 patients to whom the same measurement tool was administered, incorporating all necessary changes, in order to measure what stresses patients most and what nurses believe that stresses them. The findings which stem from a comparison of the answers given are of great importance since both groups indicate that lack of knowledge about the course of the disease, questions, possibility of an incurable disease, and lack of relevant information provided are believed to be the most stressful factors, without implying of course that there is not a considerable degree of divergence between the two groups of answers. It is, therefore, imperative that nurses and all other healthcare professionals maintain a channel of continuous communication with the patients, so that stressful factors causing anxiety to patients and making recovery harder can be uncovered and dealt with promptly and efficiently.
... Individuals with traumatic injuries may experience psychological distress in the form of adjustment difficulties, traumatic bereavement, anxiety, low mood, anger, and acute stress as well as possible cognitive impairment due to traumatic brain injury or delirium. There is also evidence that hospital admission can increase psychological distress (Alzahrani, 2021;Kotrotsiou et al., 2001). This suggests that this population are psychologically vulnerable and may benefit from psychological intervention; however, there is a lack of research around the effectiveness of different interventions, especially any using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. ...
Major trauma centers have increased survival following serious physical injury, resulting in increased demand for specialist multidisciplinary rehabilitation. We aimed to explore the feasibility of using early intervention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in an acute inpatient setting, using a non-concurrent, multiple-baseline, pre-post test case-series design. Unfortunately, no patients were recruited. This paper sets out the challenges and reflections of setting up a psychological intervention study in this setting and provides suggestions for further research.
... Devido à natureza de desfechos adversos associados à PE, gestantes com suspeita da doença são frequentemente hospitalizadas para facilitar a monitorização materna com testes laboratoriais e avaliações do bem-estar do feto (Rana et al., 2012). As hospitalizações podem provocar estresse e dificultar a recuperação da paciente e, em alguns casos, pode causar risco de morte relacionado a mudanças psicológicas (Kotrotsiou et al., 2001). A exposição da gestante a situações de estresse também apresenta consequências significativas no desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo do feto, além de comprometer a regulação da atenção e causar decréscimo da massa cinzenta (Schetter & Tanner, 2012). ...
... Stress-related symptoms appear common in inpatients (Medinas-Amorós et al., 2012) which likely hinders recovery (Evagelia et al., 2001). This stress particularly impacts hospitalised children (Coyne, 2006) and their family caregivers (Van Horn & Tesh, 2000). ...
... Although virtually all patients express high levels of satisfaction with their care [6][7][8][9][10][11], customer satisfaction with received care is only one measure of quality of care [12][13][14][15][16]. Patient dissatisfaction often results from a discrepancy between expectations and services received [15,17,18]. Previous studies have shown that dissatisfaction is associated with such factors as waiting times [5] and lack of information [5,19,20]. Satisfaction and dissatisfaction are not considered fully adequate measures of the quality of care, because they are affected by such a wide of different factors [15]. ...
The aim of the study was to answer three questions: first, what methods have been used to measure patient assessments of the quality of care? Second, how do outpatients rate their care? And third, what needs to be taken into account in measuring patient assessments of the quality of care?
Systematic review of the literature. Electronic searches were conducted on Medline, CINAHL and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. To be included, articles were to deal with patients' assessments of health care in ambulatory units for somatic adult patients. They were to have been published between January 2000 and May 2005, written in English, Swedish or Finnish with an English abstract, and the research was to have been conducted in Europe. The search terms used were: ambulatory care, ambulatory care facilities, outpatient, outpatients, patient satisfaction and quality of health care. The articles were screened by two independent reviewers in three phases.
Thirty-five articles were included. The quality of care was measured using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Only a few studies relied on the single criterion of patient satisfaction for quality measurements. It is easy to identify common sources of dissatisfaction in different studies. Sources of satisfaction are more closely dependent on the target population, the context and research design.
Patient satisfaction is widely used as one indicator among others in assessing the quality of outpatient care. However, there is no single, universally accepted method for measuring this.
BACKGROUND: The surge in cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever that occurred in East Sumba, Indonesia, in early 2019, required nurses to take a fast and appropriate attitude in dealing with patients. Professional nursing care is the basis in nursing services to overcome patient problems. AIM: This study aimed to obtain an overview of nursing care in dengue fever patients using the theory of planned behavior approach. METHODS: This study used a comparative non-experimental design with two approaches: A cross-sectional approach in the first stage and secondary data analysis in the second stage. This study was conducted in 2019 with 45 nurses determined by simple random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets and analyzed with partial least square. RESULTS: Behavioral beliefs, evaluation of behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, and motivation to comply with the majority of respondents are in the excellent range. Almost all respondents have a desire or intention to document complete nursing care, which is influenced by attitudes toward subjective behavior and norms, while perceived behavior control does not affect nurses’ intentions. CONCLUSION: Based on the theory of planned behavior, nurses carry out nursing care as a form of professional obligation, and its quality is determined by the nurse’s intention to behave.
Psychological stress is a significant public health concern as it is associated with various comorbidities and long-term health implications. Music interventions are emerging therapies for alleviating psychological stress and improving one’s physical and mental well-being. We conducted a systematic literature review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement guidelines for reporting to identify all neuroendocrine biomarkers used to evaluate psychological stress in randomized control trials involving music interventions. We identified 18 unique biomarkers of stress from 14 full-text randomized controlled trials studies. Only one of the 14 music studies included a music therapy intervention. The most frequently used biomarkers across the studies were plasma cortisol, salivary cortisol, and salivary α-amylase. Of the 14 studies, 12 included in this review assessed at least one of these three biomarkers. Of these 12 studies, five papers reported p-values for changes in both stress biomarkers and psychological stress outcome measures. Four of the five studies found significant p-values for the reduction of both stress biomarkers and psychological stress in music intervention groups. The variety of stress biomarkers used and the variance in study protocols makes it difficult to assess the magnitude of effect of music interventions on psychological stress. However, our findings suggest that music interventions have the potential for reducing both stress biomarker levels and psychological stress in acute stress situations.
AGRICULTURAL, ENVIRONMENTAL & NATURAL SCIENCES
SOCIAL, PEDAGOGY SCIENCES & HUMANITIES
MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SCIENCES
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE
ECONOMIC, MANAGEMENT & MARKETING SCIENCES
LEGAL, LEGISLATION AND POLITICAL SCIENCES
At the present stage of development of medicine, the delivery of psychological assistance is an important component of a systemic biopsychosocial approach. Patients and persons accompanying them undoubtedly experience anxiety during hospitalization due to the fact that the very appeal to the hospital and the preceding events are stressful. In turn, many previous studies show that stress can have both mobilizing (eustress) and negative effects (distress) on the emotional state and adaptive processes of a person.
The objective of this study is to study the level of stress and anxiety in patients (n=83) at the time of hospitalization and hospital stay. The study was conducted using three self-reporting scales (the Distress Thermometer, A. Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The results of the study showed that most patients (58%) experienced an increased level of distress. Distress was most often accompanied by the following emotional reactions: anxiety (51%), fear (25%), sadness (21%), and loneliness (21%). The study of emotional state showed that 22% of respondents had a high level of anxiety (according to HADS), and 5% had clinically significant symptoms of anxiety (according to Beck Inventory). Symptoms of depression are less common. In the group of patients with a significant level of distress, a greater number of patients noted high rates of hospital anxiety and depression. In addition, the authors investigated the emotional state of patients after psychological assistance received in the hospital. The results show that the level of distress was almost twice reduced.
A pilot study of a group of patients being treated in the clinical departments of an emergency hospital allows us to draw a preliminary conclusion about the positive effect of the course of psychocorrective classes on the patient’s emotional state and the level of distress experienced, i.e. helps the patient resolve certain internal conflicts associated with a sudden change in life, calm down and positively set oneself up for treatment.
Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.
During the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, over 850 healthcare workers contracted Ebola, and over 500 died. These tragic numbers underscore the need for strict adherence to infection control precautions when caring for patients with Ebola and other diseases that are both highly infectious and potentially fatal. In addition to the use of personal protection equipment (PPE), such measures include source isolation of infected patients. In the process of confining infectious pathogens, however, it is essential that health systems do not overlook the psychological needs of patients nor that of the medical staff who care for them. This chapter is divided into two sections. The first explores the experiences of patients cared for in source isolation, highlighting the possible iatrogenic psychological consequences of treatment in a biocontainment unit. Strategies for mitigating the potentially harmful psychological effects of isolation are reviewed, including considerations for children. The second section considers the experiences of healthcare workers. The discussion outlines the psychological impact of treating patients with infectious diseases, risk factors for emotional distress, and strategies to promote psychological well-being and resilience.
The aim of the study is to describe the connection between the burden of nurses' work experience and patient dissatisfaction using electronic indicators available in databases.
The hospitals in this study have a lot of information stored in electronic databases, but the data is stored in different databases and there are no straight connections between them.
This study was retrospective. Inpatient rates, workload statistics, patient classification, patient satisfaction and financial statistics were collected on 39 hospital wards from electronic databases. The data were analysed statistically.
The results showed that the higher care intensity index and number of gross treatment days are, the greater was the burden on nurses. The burden was smaller on those wards using a named nurse system.
Nurses' workload varies according to the condition of patients and patient flow. There is a connection between high workload and patient dissatisfaction. Nurse Managers should easily be able to use significant indicators.
Nursing management must have tools that are easy to use in every day workload measurement, burden adjustment and personnel planning in the long run. This article presents patient classification and the number of beds used including daily change percentage of wards as instruments for nursing management.
It is generally recognized that the stress of hospitabzation and hospital treatment can impede the recovery of patients and in some cases cause potentially life-threatening physiological changes Previous studies have indicated that nurses do not accurately perceive worry, anxiety and stress in patients In order to assess how accurately nurses perceive worry, anxiety and stress in their patients, questionnaires were designed and distributed to a group of preoperahve patients and nursing staff from general surgical wards, in order to discover how closely these two groups considered various situations and events as causing worry in preoperahve patients The results showed that whilst there was a considerable level of agreement between the two groups for the rank order of the 26 items in the questionnaire, nursing staff consistently assessed patients as worrying considerably more than the patients actually reported themselves The nurses in the study were therefore over-estimating the degree of worry, anxiety and stress in their patients
The purpose of this study was to: design and test an instrument to evaluate the incidence and severity of stressors associated with coronary bypass surgery and assess the concordance between patient and nurse perceptions of such stressors. The patient sample consisted of 30 patients recovering without complications from coronary bypass surgery. Patients were white, primarily male and employed, one-third with graduate education, with a mean age of 54. The nurse sample consisted of 18 registered nurses with cardiosurgical nursing care experience. A 30-item stressor scale was developed: 27 items were derived from literature review and 3 from comments of cardiovascular clinical specialists. Stressfulness of each item was rated on a 5-point scale. A pilot study with seven patients provided information for initial scale refinement. Content validity of the scale has both theoretical and empirical support because of the varied sources used to obtain and validate relevant items for the tool. Homogeneity reliability of the scale was supported by high coefficient alphas. Based on severity of stress ratings, two-way analysis of variance indicated that the cardiothoracic nurses generally rated all items as significantly more stressful for coronary bypass patients than did the patients themselves. Comparisons used by the nurses and the patients in assigning stressfulness ratings are discussed.
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