One dimensional model to study hydrodynamics properties for north part of Shatt Al Arab River (south Iraq)

Abstract

Mike 11 hydrodynamic (HD) modeling is used for simulating hydrodynamic behavior of northern part of Shatt Al Arab which has 64 Km length starts from Qurna confluence (upstream river) toward Basrah city at Maqal port (downstream river). Mike 11 is river modeling system developed by Danish Hydrologic Institute, (DHI). Its performed an implicit finite difference computation of unsteady flow in rivers based on the saint Venant equations. The process of simulation has achieved in Marine Science Center, Basra University in Iraq, where the package softwere is introduced. The study area grid has created by TM Landsate Satellite image, and five of cross sections distributing along studied river part, which necessary data to make network file for simulation processes, as well as, It is open boundary type of upstream and downstream, where the discharge(Q) value at upstream is constant that equals 300 m3/s. And the time series file of water level (H) of Shatt Al Arab downstream was created with 30 days period, which started 01 /03 / 2009 to 31 /03 / 2009. The model relationship of (Q

Full text

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
1
One dimensional model to study hydrodynamics properties
for north part of Shatt Al Arab River (south Iraq)
Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud , Hazim A. Al-Sayaab , Dawod S. B. Al-Miahi , Ali B. M. &
Wissam R. Mutasher
Marine Science Center, Basrah university, Iraq
ABSTRACT
Mike 11 hydrodynamic (HD) modeling is used for simulating hydrodynamic behavior of northern
part of Shatt Al Arab which has 64 Km length starts from Qurna confluence (upstream river) toward
Basrah city at Maqal port (downstream river). Mike 11 is river modeling system developed by
Danish Hydrologic Institute, (DHI). Its performed an implicit finite difference computation of
unsteady flow in rivers based on the saint Venant equations. The process of simulation has achieved
in Marine Science Center, Basra University in Iraq, where the package softwere is introduced. The
study area grid has created by TM Landsate Satellite image, and five of cross sections distributing
along studied river part, which necessary data to make network file for simulation processes, as well
as, It is open boundary type of upstream and downstream, where the discharge(Q) value at upstream
is constant that equals 300 m3/s. And the time series file of water level (H) of Shatt Al Arab
downstream was created with 30 days period, which started 01 /03 / 2009 to 31 /03 / 2009. The
model relationship of (Q&H) appears a change zone in river discharge levels at starting the
chainage (45000 m), where fluctuate between (200-400)m3/s., but as 55500 of chainage, the
Discharge levels obviously is change between (2000 – 2500) m3/s. with average (50 -500)m3/s. The
max. Conveyance value was 12600 m3 at 41000 m of chainage as 3312m2 of cross-section area and
3.61meter of water level. But min. Conveyance value was 7000 m3 at 64000 chainage as cross-
section area equaling 2000 m2 and 2 meter of water level. Cross sections models appear
asymmetrical shapes, where begin with shallow depths between (1.5-3.5m) at right bank – towards
downstream-. These depths continue to mid of channel, then started the deep levels continue to end
of width of cross section.

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
2
Shatt Al Arab channel is characterize with some complex hydraulic properties difficulty made for
which complex conditions to create a model to it, In spite of that Mike11 model have been reflected
actual results, user friendly model and feasibility to interpret it. The flexible and visible results of
model are a very useful as an application that can be helpful for decision support tool for designing
of large hydraulic constructions as dams, regulators, weirs or canals due to the simulation of
hydrodynamic parameters and predicting of river behavior is being used in forecasting of
hydrological changes at the same model in the future.
Introduction
Shatt Al Arab is a river formed from a
confluence of Euphrates and Tigris rivers in
Qurna city, north of Basrah Governorate. The
river considers the old stage of Euphrates and
Tigers, where pouring in the Arabian Gulf
after that its flowing more than 190 Km from
Qurna to Fao city, southern Basrah (Fig-1).
Shatt Al Arab water is mainly depended
on discharges of water which supplying from
Euphrates and Tigris Rivers. In the last two
decades ago, it has subjected to high slow
down water discharges which was coming to
Shatt Al Arab. The figure (2) shows two time
periods of Euphrates river discharges before
and after 1973 (2594 m3/s) and (831 m3/s)
respectively (ACSAD, 2000 in UNEP, 2001).
The reduction in discharge of Shatt Al Arab
River is mainly due to construction projects in
and out side of Iraq country. Subsequently,
tidal waters from the gulf have become more
influence to river water, where the salinity
increases in the water e river (Al-Mansoury
et al., 2007).
Mike 11 is river modeling system developed
by Danish Hydrologic Institute, (HDI). The
results from a MIKE 11 simulation are an
easily assimilated and highly visual format,
highly facilitating interpretation and analysis
of potential impacts (Kjelds & Müller, 2008).
The relationship between tidal water levels
and the discharge is a basic phenomenon in
Shatt Al Arab river because the river
considers a transitional estuarine environment
with tidal effects on the fluctuation of water
levels of the river. Therefore modeling and
predicating hydrodynamic behavior of this
relation, which is Complex dynamics
ecosystem, considers the mean important
steps for assessment of hydraulic and water
quality conditions where, the main aim of the
present study is a simulation of hydrodynamic
behavoir of northern part of Shatt Al Arab
River by using program technique of Mike 11
hydrodynamic (HD) modeling.

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
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Study area
The study area is the northern part of Shatt Al
Arab channel from Qurna city to Basra City
with a long 64000 m of distance, at about
47°30´-47º55´North and 31º10´-30º30´ East.
Available data
The north part of Shatt Al Arab has 64 Km
length that starts from Qurna confluence (up
stream river) toward Basrah city at Maqal port
(down stream river).
The required data of model simulation
file are (DHI, 2004):
Network file (ntwrk 11 ) : geometery of
studied channel has created using network
file (ntwrk 11). It deals with actual data
grid, where Eastering and Northing points
of study area (figure,1). So, TM Landsate
Satellite image of study area was based to
obtain actual coordinates grid of Network
file. Satellite image at the 38 zone of
southern Iraq was used. Figure (1) explains
this corrected image and rearrangement it
in GIS environment for preparing to export
to Mike 11 Network.
• Cross sections file : there are ( 5 ) cross
sections distributed along the northern
river part have been measured during 2008
year. Then, cross sections file ( xsc11) is
created to input 5 sections data. It's
necessary data to modeling and simulate
morphological setting of river and then
estimate hydraulic parameters for each 500
m. (fig.1), The accuracy of bathymetric
data is directly reflected on the numerical
model accuracy.
The boundary conditions file (bnd 11). It is
open boundary type of upstream and
downstream. At upstream the discharge value
is constant that equals 300 mP
3
P/s. A time series
file of water level of Shatt Al Arab
downstream was created with 30 days period,
which started on 01 / 03 / 2009 to 31 /03 /
2009.

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
4
Figure (1) Map of northern part of Shatt Al Arab (studied segment).
343000
342000
341000
340000
339000
Qurna
Basra city
Qarmat
Ali river
Shatt Al Arab
Figure (2) the discharge regime for the Euphrates river before
and after 1973 periods (ACSAD, 2000 in UNEP, 2001).

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
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MODEL DESCRIPTION
The hydrodynamic model is a one
dimensional modeling system performing an
implicit finite difference computation of
unsteady flow in rivers based on the saint
Venant equations (DHI, 2004; DHI, 2007).
Figure (3) shows the geometry shape of
northern part of Shatt Al Arab. This segment
was selected to simulate the hydrodynamic
behavior of the river according to available
data.
The process of simulation has achieved in
Marine Science Center, Basra university in
Iraq, where the package software is
introduced.
The word " chainage " is mean a release
distance from upstream point (0.00 meter) to
any point on a segment of the River by meter
unit, where the initial point is considered as
(zero meter) of distance at upstream.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
The model begins from upstream at
chainage 0.00 m (distance) and finish to
downstream at (chainage 64000 m). Along
this distance (64 Km) and during 30 days
from time series of water level readings the
hydrodynamic conditions were simulated.
Figure (4- A, B, C, D, E) represent five
important sites on the river could be reflected
the variations, resulting from the interaction
of influence between the discharge (Q) and
water level (H), where : (A) the site at (0.0m)
of chainage, ( Qurna city) where no existence
of water level influence, while it appears the
tidal effect after chainage (55500 m), e.g.
after confluence Shatt Al -Arab with Qarmat
Ali river toward downstream. The model
relationship of (Q&H) in figure (5) appears a
Figure (3) grid shape of northern part of Shatt Al Arab with actual
coordinates lines.

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
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change zone in river discharge levels at
starting the chainage (45000 m), where the
discharge fluctuates between (200-400)m3/s.,
but as chainage (55500m), the discharge
levels obviously is change between (2000 –
2500) m3/s. The extremely of this range no
due to the increase coming from the river but
entrance of tidal water mass during flood
period and it withdrawal at ebb period,
anyway those the increase is no reflect
realistic behavior of the river but it represents
a condition extremely at limited short time
series was rarely frequent as shown in Figure
(4) at time 11/3/2009. The confluence zone
Shatt Al Arab and Qarmat Ali Rivers largely
slowdown the tide effect on fluctuation of
water levels, so, it observed clearly very little
fluctuation towards upstream after chainage
(55,500 m), as well, (Al Badran, 2002)
mentioned existence influence of confluence
zone on the hydrological behavior of Shatt Al
Arab by the sedimentation and erosion
processes of the river. It can be performed
relationship between water levels and the
discharge a long the river (0.0 m – 64000 m)
of chainges as shown in figure (7).
Regarding to one-dimensional numerical
models along of channel, the bathymetric
information is required in the form of cross-
sections of the river segment within the model
domain. The results of cross sections models
at (500m, 54000, 55500, 64000 m of
chainages) in Shatt Al Arab are explained in
Figures (9A, 9B, 9C, 9D). Also, are found out
to the figures show models of water levels
ranges at selected cross sections during
simulation period, ( 30 ) days.
Table (1) shows some processing
hydrodynamic parameters, which have been
simulated at each section model along the
channel profile. It's estimated at each 1000m
towards downstream to 64000 m of chainage.
The Conveyance is one of important
hydraulic parameters which is consider an
important function of Hydraulic capacity of
the cross-section varies with the water level.
Conveyance is equal (rRfRARP
2/3
P) at selected
water levels (DHI, 2007), where:
rRfR: the resistance factor
A: cross-section area, mP
2
P.
R: hydraulic Radius, m.
Figure (10) explains the relation between the
Hydraulic capacity (Conveyance) with water
level and the section area. Also, the variation
of Conveyance along channel profile is
represented in figure (11). The max.
Conveyance value was 12600 mP
3
P at 41000 m
of chainage as 3312mP
2
P of cross-section area at
3.61meter of water level. But min.
Conveyance value was 7000 mP
3
P at 64000
chainage as cross-section area equaling 2000
mP
2
P and 2 meter of water level.
Generally, figures of cross sections models
appear asymmetrical shapes, where begin
with shallow depths between (1.5-3.5m) at

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
7
left bank – towards downstream-. These
depths continue to mid of channel, then
started the deep levels continue to end of
width of cross section.
Shatt Al Arab channel is characterize with
some complex hydraulic properties difficulty
make for which complex conditions to create
an actual model to it, In spite of that Mike11
model have been reflected actual results, it's
user friendly model and feasibility to interpret
the results. The flexible and visible results of
model are a very useful as an application that
can be helpful for decision support tool for
designing of large hydraulic constructions as
dams, or canals due to the simulation and
predicting of river behavior is being used in
forecasting of hydrological changes at the
same model in the future.
As well, Present results is consider main step
to establish advanced steps for simulating
another conditions relating with water quality
and management planning of Shatt Al Arab
water, as well as, establishment of monitoring
program of hydrological conditions and their
changes with benefits to all governmental and
nongovernmental directions. It's concluded
that Shatt Al Arab river needs to Mike 11
system for establishing long term monitoring
program of hydrological parameters
continuously in future. Also, present study is
a useful as an basic project that can be used
for adopting decisions of building a large
hydraulic constructions and selective suitable
locations on the river and then detection their
environment impact.
REFRENCES
ACSAD (2000); " Surface water resources
in Euphrates and Tigris rivers basins.
Damascus.
Albadran, B., F. Y. Al-Mansory & N. K.
Al-Bahily. (2002); " Erosion and
sedimentation processes in the shat
Al-Arab river, south of Iraq". Marina
Mesopotamica, 17(2): 285-292).
Al-Mansoury, H. B., Wissam R. M., M. S.
Hamady & Muhsen M. (2007); "
Influence of Shatt Al Arab tidal upon
the water of Hor Al-Hammar",
Scientific Thi-Qar journal, Thi-Qar
University.
DHI-water & environment, (2004); " Mike
11 a modeling system for rivers &
channels, user guide of software".
www.dhigroup.com.
DHI-water & environment, (2007); " Mike
11 a modeling system for rivers &
channels, short introduction tutorial".
www.dhigroup.com.
UNEP (2001); " Mesopotamian
Marshlands, full report. http:
www.grid.unep.ch/activites/sustainabl
e/Tigris/marshlands.
Kjelds T . Jesper and Henrik G. Müller
(2008);" Integrated Flood Plain & Disaster
Management using the MIKE 11 Decision
Support System", , Danish Hydraulic
Institute, Agern Alle 5, DK-2970 Hørsholm,
Denmark.

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
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ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺸﻟﺍ ءﺰﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳﺩﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺺﺋﺎﺼﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟ ﺪﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﺣﺃ ﺝﺫﻮﻤﻧ
ﻕﺍﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ – ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻂﺷ ﻦﻣ
ﺮﺸﻄﻣ ﻕﺍﺯﺭ ﻡﺎﺳﻭ ،ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻞﺳﺎﺑ ﻲﻠﻋ ،ﻱﺎﻨﺑ ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺳ ﺩﻭﺍﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺳ ﻆﻓﺎﺤﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻡﺯﺎﺣ ،ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﺧ ﻦﺴﺣ
ﺓﺮﺼﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ /ﺭﺎﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ
ﺺﻠﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ
ـﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳﺩﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﺬﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺖﻣﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍMike 11 ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻂﺷ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺸﻟﺍ ءﺰﺠﻠﻟ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳﺩﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻙﻮﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﻛﺎﺤﻤﻟ
ﻪﻟﻮﻃ ﻎﻠﺒﻳ64 ـﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺪﻌﻳ .ﺓﺮﺼﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ءﺎﻨﻴﻣ ﻰﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻓ ءﺎﻘﺘﻟﻻﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺍءﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﻢﻛ Mike11
ﺔﻴﺋﺰﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺿﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻬﻧﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﺟﺬﻤﻧ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﻲﻛﺭﺎﻤﻧﺪﻟﺍ ﻲﺠﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﻤﻟﺍﻭ
ـﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺄﺑ ﺓﺎﻛﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺕﺰﺠﻧﺍ .ﺖﻧﺎﻨﻴﻓ ﺖﻨﻳﺎﺳ ﺕﻻﺩﺎﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺎﻬﻧﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﻴﻐﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻀﻟﺍMike11
ﺮﻤﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﺤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ .ﺓﺮﺼﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟﺍLandsat ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﺤﻳ ﺱﺎﺳﺄﻛ
ﻦﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺿﺮﻋ ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ ﺲﻤﺨﻟ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻝﺎﺧﺩﺍ ﻢﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ ،ﺽﺭﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺛﺍﺪﺣﻻﺍ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ءﺎﺸﻧﻻ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟﺍ
ﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺍﺪﺑ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﻒﻳﺮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺖﺿﺮﺘﻓﺍ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﺘﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺡﻮﺘﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺩﻭﺪﺤﻟﺍ ﻁﻭﺮﺸﻟﺍ
Upstream ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ 300ﺮﺘﻣ 3 ﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻣﺍﻭ ،ﺎﺛ/Downstream ﺏﺬﺑﺬﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻨﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﻣ ﺊﺸﻧﺍ ﺪﻘﻓ
ﺓﺎﻛﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﺘﻓ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍ ءﺎﻣ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ30 ﻦﻣ ﺕﺃﺪﺑ ﺎﻣﻮﻳ 1 ﺭﺍﺫﺃ2009 ﺪﺤﻟﻭ 30 ﺭﺍﺫﺃ 2009 ﻒﻳﺮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ .
ءﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍwater level (H) ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻳﺮﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺮﻴﻐﺗ ﻕﺎﻄﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﺑ 45000 ﻕﻼﻄﻧﻻﺍ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ
)0.0 ﻦﻴﺑ ﺏﺬﺑﺬﺘﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﺔﻧﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﻮﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺃ (ﺮﺘﻣ 2000-2500 ﻝﺪﻌﻤﺑﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺜﻟﺎﺑ ﺐﻌﻜﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ 50-500 ﺔﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ .ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺜﻟﺎﺑ ﺐﻌﻜﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ
ﻰﻤﻈﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ Conveyance ﺖﻧﺎﻜﻓ 12600 ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺐﻌﻜﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ 41000 ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺮﺘﻣ 3312 ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ
ءﺎﻣ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣﻭ61.3 ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺎﻴﻧﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ .ﺮﺘﻣ 7000 ﺪﻨﻋ ﺐﻌﻜﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ 64000 ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺗ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺐﻌﻜﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ
2000 ءﺎﻣ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣﻭ ﻊﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ 2 ﻕﺎﻤﻋﺄﺑ ﺃﺪﺒﺗ ﺓﺮﻇﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻝﺎﻜﺷﺍ ﺮﻬﻈﺘﻓ ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻛﺎﺤﻣ ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺿﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺩﻮﻣ ﺎﻣﺍ .ﺮﺘﻣ
.ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﻰﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻤﻋﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺰﻟﺎﺑ ﺃﺪﺒﺗ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻟﺍ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﻒﺼﺘﻨﻣ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺮﻤﺘﺴﺗﻭ ،ﻯﺮﺴﻴﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﻀﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻠﺤﺿ
ﺖﺴﻜﻋ ﺪﻘﻓ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟﺎﺒﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻓﻭﺮﻇ ﺓﺎﻛﺎﺤﻣ ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻌﺠﺗ ﺓﺪﻘﻌﻣ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻫ ﺺﺋﺎﺼﺨﺑ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻂﺷ ﺓﺎﻨﻗ ﺰﻴﻤﺘﺗ
ـﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺗ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺄﺑ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻠﻟ ﻢﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺩﻮﻤﻠﻟ ﺓﺎﻛﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧMike 11 ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺿﺮﻋ ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺴﺑ ﺕﺰﻴﻤﺗ ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ
ﺔﻠﻴﻃ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻐﺘﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺘﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻐﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺮﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻋ ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺳ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻻﺎﺑ ،ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻂﺑﺮﻟﺍ
ﻙﻮﻠﺴﻟﺎﺑ ﺄﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻟﻭﺭﺪﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺕﺄﺸﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﺗ ﻝﻮﻠﺣﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺗﻻ ﺓﺪﻴﺟﻭ ﺔﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻛ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻛﺎﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﺘﻓ
.ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻠﻟ ﻢﻤﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺩﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺲﻔﻧ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻟﺬﻟ ﻱﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍ

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
9
Table (1) some processed hydrodynamic parameter results of the north part of Shatt Al Arab.

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
10
1-3-2009 3-3-2009 5-3-2009 7- 3-2009 9-3-2009 11-3- 2009 13-3-2009 15-3-2009 17- 3-2009 19-3-2009 21-3-2009 23-3- 2009 25-3-2009 27-3-2009 29- 3-2009 31-3-2009
-400.0
-300.0
-200.0
-100.0
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
900.0
1000.0
1100.0
1200.0
1300.0
1400.0
[m^3/s]
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
[meter]
Time Series
Discharge
SAA 56750.00
Water Level
SAA 57000.00
1-3-2009 3-3-2009 5-3- 2009 7- 3-2009 9-3-2009 11-3-2009 13-3- 2009 15-3-2009 17-3-2009 19-3-2009 21- 3-2009 23-3-2009 25-3- 2009 27-3-2009 29-3-2009 31- 3-2009
293.0
294.0
295.0
296.0
297.0
298.0
299.0
300.0
301.0
302.0
303.0
304.0
305.0
306.0
307.0
[m^3/s]
4.380
4.382
4.384
4.386
4.388
4.390
4.392
4.394
4.396
4.398
4.400
4.402
4.404
4.406
4.408
4.410
4.412
4.414
[meter]
Time Series Discharge
SAA 22750.00
Water Level
SAA 23000.00
1-3-2009 3-3-2009 5-3-2009 7-3-2009 9-3-2009 11-3-2009 13-3-2009 15-3-2009 17-3-2009 19-3-2009 21-3-2009 23-3-2009 25-3-2009 27-3-2009 29-3-2009 31-3-2009
299.72
299.74
299.76
299.78
299.80
299.82
299.84
299.86
299.88
299.90
299.92
299.94
299.96
299.98
300.00
300.02
300.04
300.06
300.08
300.10
300.12
300.14
300.16
300.18
300.20
[m^3/s]
4.402
4.404
4.406
4.408
4.410
4.412
4.414
4.416
4.418
4.420
4.422
4.424
4.426
4.428
4.430
4.432
4.434
4.436
[meter]
Time Series Discharge
SAA 250.00
Water Level
SAA 500.00
Figure (4) relation between discharge (Q) (black line) & water level (H) (blue line) at (A:500 m Chainage, B:
22000m chainage , C: 52000m chainage, D: 57000, E:64000m
(A)
(B)
(C)
Discharge m3/s.
Water level , m

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
11
(D)
(E)
1-3-2009 3-3-2009 5-3-2009 7-3-2009 9-3-2009 11-3-2009 13-3- 2009 15-3-2009 17-3-2009 19-3-2009 21-3-2009 23-3-2009 25-3-2009 27-3-2009 29-3-2009 31-3-2009
210.0
220.0
230.0
240.0
250.0
260.0
270.0
280.0
290.0
300.0
310.0
320.0
330.0
340.0
350.0
360.0
370.0
380.0
390.0
400.0
410.0
[m^3/s]
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.20
3.21
3.22
3.23
3.24
[meter]
Time Series
Discharge
SAA 52250.00
Water Level
SAA 52500.00
1-3-2009 3-3-2009 5-3-2009 7-3-2009 9-3-2009 11-3-2009 13-3-2009 15-3-2009 17-3-2009 19-3-2009 21-3-2009 23-3-2009 25-3-2009 27-3-2009 29-3-2009 31-3-2009
-1800.0
-1600.0
-1400.0
-1200.0
-1000.0
-800.0
-600.0
-400.0
-200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
1400.0
1600.0
1800.0
2000.0
[m^3/s]
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
[meter]
Time Series
Discharge
SAA 63750.00
Water Level
SAA 64000.00
Discharge m3/s.
Water level , m
Figure (5) Discharge (m3/sec.) of the northern part of Shatt Al Arab

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
12
Figure (6) water level (m) of the northern part of Shatt Al Arab
Figure (8) Max. of depth of the northern part of Shatt Al Arab
Figure (7) water level (H) and Discharge relationships of the northern part of
Shatt Al Arab

Basrah Journal of Scienec ( C ) Vol.28(1), 1-14, 2011
13
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0 260.0 280.0 300.0 320.0 340.0 360. 0 380.0
[meter]
-9.0
-8.5
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
[meter] SAA 55.500 07/03/2009 05:00:00 Õ
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0 260.0
[meter]
-9.0
-8.5
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
[meter]
SAA 64.000 01/03/2009
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0 260.0 280.0 300.0 320.0 340.0 360.0 380.0 400.0
[meter]
-9.0
-8.5
-8.0
-7.5
-7.0
-6.5
-6.0
-5.5
-5.0
-4.5
-4.0
-3.5
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
[meter]
SAA 54.000 06/03/2009 03:30:00 Õ
0.0 50. 0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0 450.0 500.0 550.0 600.0 [meter]
-4.8
-4.6
-4.4
-4.2
-4.0
-3.8
-3.6
-3.4
-3.2
-3.0
-2.8
-2.6
-2.4
-2.2
-2.0
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
[meter]
SAA 0.500 01/03/2009
Figure (9) Sections models at (A): 500m, (B): 54000 m, (C) 55500m (D) : 64000 m of
chainges,
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Hassan K. Al-Mahmoud et al. One dimensional model ...
14
Chainage (distance) , m
Figure (11) Conveyance curve of the north part of Shatt Al Arab.
Water level, m
Figure (10) relations among water levels with sections area and Conveyance
,m
2
,m
3