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Antipsychotic effect of cannabidiol [3]
... For patients with psychotic symptoms, the therapeutic doses were 600-1500 mg/day (26)(27)(28)(29). This higher therapeutic dose is more comparable to the dose of 30 mg/kg used in this study. ...
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a chemical extracted from cannabis and shown by some studies to alleviate the symptoms of many mental disorders, especially major depressive disorder. Many researchers have explored how acute CBD treatment impacts the attitude of depressive patients, but few researchers have examined how chronic CBD consumption influences the mood of people without depression. To simulate the effect of CBD on people, we used male Wistar Rats as experimental models, divided into three groups: the control group received peanut oil (vehicle), the CBD oil group received CBD oil and vehicle, and the CBD crystal group received CBD crystals and vehicle. We hypothesized that chronic treatments with purified CBD through oral administration would relieve depression-associated behaviors in normal healthy rats under adverse conditions. The CBD oil used in this study was made from crude oil of hemp by molecular distillation, and the CBD crystals were further processed from CBD oil by crystallization. We used forced swimming test and sucrose preference test to assess the characters associated with the diagnosis of depression: despair-like behavior and anhedonia. Furthermore, we used the weight of the rats to assess appetite. A statistical analysis of the experimental data suggested that long-term consumption of CBD could elicit depression associated symptoms in normal rats without depression. The results imply that people should consume CBD-containing products with extreme caution and highlight the need to carefully monitor the use of CBD in health care products.
... 27 Both substances are approved medicines used to treat refractory epilepsies (CBD) and spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis (CBD/THC), whereas many other medical uses are currently being investigated. 28,29 In the case of CBD, its anxiolytic [27][28][29] and antipsychotic [30][31][32][33][34] properties have been described in several trials. ...
Background:
Serotonergic hallucinogens and cannabinoids may alter the recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE). Cannabidiol (CBD) attenuates the psychoactive effects of the cannabinoid-1 agonist tetrahydrocannabinol. Ayahuasca is a dimethyltryptamine-containing hallucinogenic decoction. It is unknown if CBD may moderate and attenuate the effects of ayahuasca on REFE.
Procedures:
Seventeen healthy volunteers participated in a 1-week preliminary parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial for 18 months. Volunteers received a placebo or 600 mg of oral CBD followed by oral ayahuasca (1 mL/kg) 90 minutes later. Primary outcomes included REFE and empathy tasks (coprimary outcome). Tasks were performed at baseline and 6.5 hours, 1 and 7 days after the interventions. Secondary outcome measures included subjective effects, tolerability, and biochemical assessments.
Results:
Significant reductions (all P values <0.05) only in reaction times were observed in the 2 tasks in both groups, without between-group differences. Furthermore, significant reductions in anxiety, sedation, cognitive deterioration, and discomfort were observed in both groups, without between-group differences. Ayahuasca, with or without CBD, was well tolerated, producing mainly nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort. No clinically significant effects were observed on cardiovascular measurements and liver enzymes.
Conclusions:
There was no evidence of interactive effects between ayahuasca and CBD. The safety of separate and concomitant drug intake suggests that both drugs could be applied to clinical populations with anxiety disorders and in further trials with larger samples to confirm findings.
... Zuardi and colleagues first reported in 1995 in a patient that oral CBD (up to 1500 mg/day) led to improvements in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) symptoms and a diazepam dose reduction in a 19-year-old female, which worsened with discontinuation of CBD [70]. In another case series, a pattern of symptom improvement was observed with oral CBD in one patient (from 40 mg/day to a maximum dose of 1280 mg/day), with symptoms worsening after discontinuation [71]. ...
The use of cannabidiol (CBD) for therapeutic purposes is receiving considerable attention, with speculation that CBD can be useful in a wide range of conditions. Only one product, a purified form of plant-derived CBD in solution (Epidiolex), is approved for the treatment of seizures in patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Dravet syndrome, or tuberous sclerosis complex. Appraisal of the therapeutic evidence base for CBD is complicated by the fact that CBD products sometimes have additional phytochemicals (like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)) present, which can make the identification of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in positive studies difficult. The aim of the present review is to critically review clinical studies using purified CBD products only, in order to establish the upcoming indications for which purified CBD might be beneficial. The areas in which there is the most clinical evidence to support the use of CBD are in the treatment of anxiety (positive data in 7 uncontrolled studies and 17 randomised controlled trials (RCTs)), psychosis and schizophrenia (positive data in 1 uncontrolled study and 8 RCTs), PTSD (positive data in 2 uncontrolled studies and 4 RCTs) and substance abuse (positive data in 2 uncontrolled studies and 3 RCTs). Seven uncontrolled studies support the use of CBD to improve sleep quality, but this has only been verified in one small RCT. Limited evidence supports the use of CBD for the treatment of Parkinson’s (3 positive uncontrolled studies and 2 positive RCTs), autism (3 positive RCTs), smoking cessation (2 positive RCTs), graft-versus-host disease and intestinal permeability (1 positive RCT each). Current RCT evidence does not support the use of purified oral CBD in pain (at least as an acute analgesic) or for the treatment of COVID symptoms, cancer, Huntington’s or type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, published clinical evidence does support the use of purified CBD in multiple indications beyond epilepsy. However, the evidence base is limited by the number of trials only investigating the acute effects of CBD, testing CBD in healthy volunteers, or in very small patient numbers. Large confirmatory phase 3 trials are required in all indications.
... cantly high dosing for patients with bipolar, manic episodes, antipsychotic, epilepsy, anticonvulsive ranging from 300 m/ day for 6 months, and up to 4 weeks with dosing 1200-1500 mg/day with reported side effects, which include somnolence, decreased appetite, and diarrhea (Cunha et al., 1980;Machado Bergamaschi et al., 2011;A. Zuardi et al., 2010;A. W. Zuardi et al., 1995). ...
The cover image is based on the Original Article Phytocannabinoids regulate inflammation in IL‐1β‐stimulated human gingival fibroblasts by Ammaar H. Abidi et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.13050
... Data from case series and small-scale clinical trials suggest that it has efficacy in the treatment of psychosis. [11][12][13][14][15][16] CBD may also protect against the harmful effects of cannabis use. 17,18 The mechanism of action through which it produces these putative effects has not been established, but may include the inhibition of endocannabinoid metabolism and/or activity at cannabinoid and serotonergic receptors. ...
Background
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a promising novel candidate treatment for psychosis. It has a more benign side effect profile than antipsychotic medications, and being treated with CBD is not perceived as being stigmatising. These observations suggest that patients with psychosis would find CBD to be a relatively acceptable treatment.
Objective
This study tested the above hypothesis by assessing the views of a sample of patients.
Methods
Patients with a psychotic disorder were invited to complete a survey exploring their expectations about the efficacy and side effects of CBD.
Results
Seventy patients completed the survey. The majority (86%) were willing to try CBD as a treatment. Most patients believed that CBD would improve their psychotic symptoms (69%) and that it would have fewer side effects than their current medication (64%; mainly antipsychotics). A minority of patients (10%) were concerned that CBD might exacerbate their psychotic symptoms. This, however, appeared to reflect confusion between the effects of CBD and those of cannabis.
Conclusion
Most patients with psychosis regard CBD as an acceptable treatment. Although CBD has not yet been approved as a treatment for psychosis, many patients are aware of it through the presence of CBD in cannabis and in health supplements. When added to the emerging evidence of its efficacy and the low risk of side effects, the high acceptability of CBD underlines its therapeutic potential.
... Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the most abundant phytocannabinoids present in the Cannabis sativa plant, devoid of psychotomimetic effects [1]. In addition, CBD antagonizes several of the psychoactive effects of the ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC), the major psychoactive compound of Cannabis sativa [2,3]. CBD exhibits a broad-spectrum pharmacological profile that makes it a potential treatment for several psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders [4,5]. ...
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid contained in the Cannabis sativa plant, devoid of psychotomimetic effects but with a broad-spectrum pharmacological activity. Because of its pharmacological profile and its ability to counteract the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC), CBD may be a potential treatment for several psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we performed a doseresponse evaluation of CBD modulatory effects on BDNF, a neurotrophin subserving pleiotropic effects on the brain, focusing on the cortico-striatal pathway for its unique role in the brain trafficking of BDNF. Male adult rats were exposed to single and repeated CBD treatments at different dosing regimen (5, 15, and 30 mg/kg), to investigate the rapid modulation of the neurotrophin (1 h after the single treatment) as well as a potential drug-free time point (24 h after the repeated treatment). We show here, for the first time, that CBD can be found in the rat brain and, specifically, in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) following single or repeated exposure. In fact, we found that CBD is present in the mPFC of rats treated either acutely or repeatedly with the phytocannabinoid, with a clear doseresponse profile. From a molecular standpoint, we found that single, but not repeated, CBD exposure upregulates BDNF in the mPFC, while the repeated exposure increased BDNF only in the striatum, with a slight decrease in the mPFC. Together, these data reveal a CBD dose-dependent and anatomically specific modulation of BDNF, which may be functionally relevant and may represent an added value for CBD as a supplement.
Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder that has undergone significant advancements in its treatment. However, there are still many aspects of symptom management and prevention that could benefit from new developments in psychopharmacology. One potential avenue is the use of cannabidiol (CBD), a major phytocannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. Preliminary evidence suggests that CBD could effectively treat certain symptoms of the disorder with fewer side effects than conventional antipsychotics. This article provides the reader with an in-depth discussion of the current scientific evidence concerning the use of CBD in the treatment of schizophrenia. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(6):252–255.]
An updated third edition of this award-winning book provides a comprehensive overview of the complex associations between cannabis and mental illness. Organised into easy to navigate sections, the book has been fully revised to feature eight entirely new chapters covering important novel aspects. Marijuana and Madness incorporates new research findings on the potential use of cannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids, in an array of mental illnesses, balanced against the potential adverse effects. The associations between cannabis and psychosis, developing putative models of 'cannabis induced' psychosis and pathways to schizophrenia are all covered. The book importantly discusses the impact of exposure to cannabis at various stages of neurodevelopment (in utero, in childhood, and during adolescence) and it thoroughly reviews the treatments for cannabis dependence and health policy implications of the availability of increasingly high potency cannabis. This book will quickly become an essential resource for all members of the mental health team.
An updated third edition of this award-winning book provides a comprehensive overview of the complex associations between cannabis and mental illness. Organised into easy to navigate sections, the book has been fully revised to feature eight entirely new chapters covering important novel aspects. Marijuana and Madness incorporates new research findings on the potential use of cannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids, in an array of mental illnesses, balanced against the potential adverse effects. The associations between cannabis and psychosis, developing putative models of 'cannabis induced' psychosis and pathways to schizophrenia are all covered. The book importantly discusses the impact of exposure to cannabis at various stages of neurodevelopment (in utero, in childhood, and during adolescence) and it thoroughly reviews the treatments for cannabis dependence and health policy implications of the availability of increasingly high potency cannabis. This book will quickly become an essential resource for all members of the mental health team.
Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To assess the effectiveness and safety of CBD in the treatment of people with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2022 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.