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The challenge of applying ethics
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The Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice, intended as a standard for teaching and practicing software engineering, documents the ethical and professional obligations of software engineers. The code should instruct practitioners about the standards society expects them to meet, about what their peers strive for, and about what to expect of one another. In addition, the code should also inform the public about the responsibilities that are important Co the profession. Adopted in 2000 by the IEEE Computer Society and the ACM-two leading international computing societies-the code of ethics is intended as a guide for members of the evolving software engineering profession. The code war; developed by a multinational task force with additional input from other professionals from industry, government posts, military installations, and educational professions.
I heartily concur with the concern that Bynum and Rogerson express about the global impact of computing. The number and kinds of applications of computing increase dramatically each year and the impact of computing is felt around the planet. The ubiquitous use of electronic mail, electronic funds transfer, reservation systems, the world wide web, etc. places millions of the inhabitants of the planet in a global electronic village. Communication and actions at distance have never been easier. We are definitely in a computer revolution. We are beyond the introduction stage of the revolution in which computers are curiosities of limited power used only by a few. Now entire populations of developed countries are in the permeation stage of the revolution in which computers are rapidly moving to every aspect of
Many problems in software development can be traced to a narrow understanding of professional responsibility. The author examines ways in which software developers have tried to avoid accepting responsibility for their work. After cataloguing various types of responsibility avoidance, the author introduces an expanded concept of positive responsibility. It is argued that the adoption of this sense of positive responsibility will reduce many problems in software development.
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In a time of rapid technological and social change, business organizations must help their employees develop a new appreciation
of how social and ethical values are being shaped and challenged by evolving information technologies. Many ethical and social
conflicts have arisen around the advanced information technology used today. The emerging technologies continue to create
situations not previously encountered. There are numerous risks facing corporations involved in the use of computing technology.
Leaders of organizations looking ahead to assess the impact of technological changes can try to prepare their employees for
the future. This paper addresses the urgent need for individuals in corporations to become more knowledgeable about computing
technologies and their impact.
This paper investigates the relationship between the role that information technology (IT) has played in the development of women's employment, the possibility of women having a significant influence on the technology's development, and the way that the IT industry perceives women as computer scientists, users and consumers. The industry's perception of women and men is investigated through the portrayal of them in computing advertisements. While women are increasingly updating their technological skills and know-how, and through this process are entering some positions in the workplace traditionally occupied by men, these achievements are not mirrored in their social and occupational status. The computer industry and higher education have worryingly low numbers of women, while the possibility of women influencing the development of computer technology is just emerging in feminist research. This paper argues that, though the IT industry, through their self-regulatory codes, subscribes to equal treatment of sexes, races and persons with disabilities, the industry nevertheless paints a stereotyped picture of inequality when portraying men and women in computer advertisements. As long as such a perception of women prevails within the industry, it will stand as a barrier to women having equal access to computer technology. If advertisements influence the way society perceives major social constructs and issues, then the computing industry has a social responsibility to portray men and women in an equal and non-stereotypical fashion.
Computers and Moral Responsibility: A Framework for an Ethical Analysis The Information Web: Ethical and Social Implications of Computer Networking
- J Ladd
Ladd, J. (1989) Computers and Moral Responsibility: A Framework for an Ethical Analysis, in: Gould, C. (ed.) The Information Web: Ethical and Social Implications of Computer Networking, Westview Press, pp. 207-227.