Reproductive biology and behaviour of Enyalius lizards

Enyalius boulengeri Etheridge, 1969 occurs in the Atlantic Forest, in the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, in southeastern Brazil (Costa and Bérnils, 2018), and its conservation status has not yet been assessed, since basic information on its biology is still scarce or non-existent in the literature. We here describe for the first time a copulation of E. boulengeri under natural conditions, in a protected area in the state of Espírito Santo. In addition, we discuss the courtship and copulation behaviours of some other Enyalius species.

Enyalius perditus is a semi-arboreal lizard species whose reproduction is poorly known. Here, we combine information obtained from preserved and live specimens to describe the reproductive timing (vitellogenesis, gravid-ity, and egg-laying) and fecundity (clutch size, egg size, and relative clutch mass) in females of E. perditus. Female reproduction is remarkably seasonal and occurs in the warmer and wetter periods of the year. Secondary vitellogenesis occurs from mid to late spring, whereas gravidity and egg-laying occur in early summer. Mating appears to be synchronized with secondary vitellogenesis, indicating an associated reproductive cycle. We suggest that E. perditus females produce only a single clutch per reproductive season. Clutch size ranged from three to 11 eggs and was positively correlated with female body size. Finally, the relative clutch mass was high, a recurrent feature to "sit-and-wait" foragers.