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Corrosion products such as iron sulfides, iron oxides, and iron carbonates are the major constituents of black powder observed in the export gas handling facilities of Kuwait Oil Co. Acid gases, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) together with oxygen (O2), are benign in dry gas but highly corrosive when dissolved in water, either condensed or carryover water/glycol mixture. The resulting corrosion products, which consist of fine particles of several forms of iron oxides, sulfides, and carbonates, form the basis for black powder. This article discusses black powder formation, mitigation, and prevention in export gas lines
