1/ school life expectancy for disabled children

In France, for decades, a part of the education of children and teenagers living with a disability was entrusted to the professionals of the private sphere. With the aim of reducing the disparities of access to compulsory education, the French law passed on February 11, 2005, recommends that children living with a disability are schooled the mainstream State educational system. The number of children with a handicap schooled in ordinary sector amounts to 279,000 in 2016 – against 155,000 at the end of 2006. Is this important increase correlated to a transformation of the private educational sphere? Was there, during the last decade, an increase of the role of the private sector in the increase of the number of children schooled in mainstream school? We shall analyze the evolution of the private sector input in public education regarding inclusive education at a macro level.

In France, for decades, a part of the education of children and teenagers living with a disability was entrusted to the actors of the private sphere. With the aim of reducing the disparities of access to the compulsory education, the French law of February 11th, 2005 recommends the schooling of children living with a disability in the mainstream state educational system. The number of children in situation of handicap schooled in ordinary sector amounts in 2016 to 279000. They were 155 000 at the end of 2006. Is this important difference bound to a transformation of the actors ? Was there during the last decade an increase of the role of the private actors in the increase of the number of children schooled in mainstream school ? We shall analyze the evolution or the trend of part of the public aid in the private sector during this period regarding inclusive education at a macro level. On a micro level, we will analyse a new structure of education organized into the mainstream pre-schooling system with private actors (managed with central administration of education, town hall of Lyon and a private non profit sector). The background of this communication is a real difficulty to acompany a very strong request in education in a context of augmentation of prevalence and incidence of some difficulties (dyslexia, dyspraxia, etc.) and the recognition of diversity. A lack of vocationnal and professional training of teachers, the lack of school medicine recently underlined by the Academy of medicine in France are some of the main aspects of this background. In the same time,the technical and medical resources of the university hospitals in France allow the survival of very big premature babies who require a very high invest, a lot of children who would not have survived fifteen years ago live today with for a big part of this population specific needs in education. The new population of pre-scholing area has changed quite quickly and the question of the part of the private and non profit sector in education is now crucial.

The loss of equal opportunities can find a causation in the negligence of educational input within the scholar institution Some categories of children are invisible in education national data (eg Alcoolhic fœtal syndrom) The aim of the study is to enhance and improve the learning conditions of pupils with specific needs Main factors which can counteract the loss of equal opportunities : a precise description of publics with specific needs The possibility to conduct specific researches versus sensitive researches (actually in the square of inclusive education)