Zukarnain Zakaria

IMU University

This paper compares the classification and management of non-performing loans between Islamic banks in Malaysia and conventional banks in the UK and Japan. The objective of this paper is to investigate if there are differences in the classification and management of non-performing loans in Islamic banks as a result of the existence of the Investmen...

Although the role of FDI on economic growth has been studied extensively, there is no systematic study carried out to examine the causal relationship between FDI and the level of financial development. Therefore, this paper investigates this issue by examining the causal relationship between FDI and financial development in 37 developing countries...

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of financial structure on economic growth and also to investigate whether the impacts are different between countries with difference levels of income; low- and middle-income countries, and high-income countries. This paper uses a panel data approach and include 44 countries. The Generalised Meth...

Nurses' knowledge, facilitators, and barriers related to Evidence-based Practice (EBP) are among the main issues that may determine the readiness of nurses to practice EBP it in their clinical settings. To identify factors that facilitated or hindered the adoption of EBP and to evaluate nurses' readiness to implement EBPs for evidence-based decisio...

The presence of herding behaviour could cause abnormality and extremely volatile markets, especially in emerging markets. This behaviour has been studied extensively but with inconclusive results. This paper investigates the effects of extreme market conditions on investors' herding behaviour in the Malaysian stock market. Two common measures for h...

There is increasing concern among policymakers globally towards business practices that could contribute to the climate change risk. Business's operation focuses on profit are often performed at the expense of environmental preservation. Subsequently, on top of financial indicators, sustainability initiative has become one of the non-financial indi...

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the mediating factor of attitude on the consumers’ intention to purchase the remanufactured automotive components in Malaysia. Theoretical framework: The Theory of Perceived Behaviour (TPB) can be expanded, in accordance with Ajzen (1991), by adding new variables or modifying the present paths between va...

Herding behaviour could cause stock prices to deviate from the fundamentals, resulting in market instability. One of the influencing factors that stimulate herding behaviour amongst investors is macroeconomic environment. Among the major macroeconomic variables that play important role in influencing herding behaviour are economic growth, exchange...

Services export plays a significant role in the world economy and benefits businesses and countries. In the service sector, higher education service has become vital for countries’ economic sustainability. The flux of international students has created global business opportunities and trade networks. However, past studies have largely focused on e...

Malaysia has been in a budget deficit for over a decade. Prolonged budget deficits may hinder Malaysia's economic growth and could expose the country to financial and economic instability. An excessive budget deficit could also continue to increase the Malaysian government debts over time. If the debt reaches the unsustainable level, this could lea...

Convergence is the process of gradual adoption of a certain accounting standard issued by different regulatory bodies. The aim is to achieve uniformity and standardization across borders to open opportunities for international investment and collaboration. The implementation of IFRS, in theory, encourages more transactions by presenting financial s...

Malaysia has been in a budget deficit for over a decade. Deteriorating in its budget deficit has urged the Malaysian government to find measures that could improve the economy performance. Prolonged budget deficits may hinder Malaysia's economic growth and could expose the country to financial and economic instability. Excessive budget deficit coul...

The performance of the retail industry in a country, which simultaneously reflects the demand for retail space, is significantly influenced by the macroeconomic environment of said country. However, in the case of Malaysia, studies regarding this issue are limited. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the macroeconomic determinants of the demand...

Augmented Reality (AR) technology and its applications in various industries and sectors has been increasingly popular and on-demand as the world approaches IR4.0. With its enormous and continuously progressive advancements in the healthcare industry, basic yet vital services like consultations can be further improved with the integration of techno...

Recently, Blockchain technology has attracted great attention in both private organisations and the public sector around the world. However, not many are aware and understand this new technology. Thus, lack of understanding of the Blockchain technology could influence the intention in adopting the technology. Therefore, the objective of this paper...

The performance of retail industry in a country, which simultaneously illustrates the demand for retail space, is significantly influenced by the general economic environment of said country. Previous studies have identified several macroeconomic factors that could affect the demand for retail space. However, in the case of Malaysia, studies regard...

Recently, sustainable development has become an important factor for all companies and manufactures. From previous research reviews, it is understood that sustainable development (SD) could be improved through effect of innovation. Past researches also indicated that increase in knowledge management (KM) can enhance innovation. This study investiga...

The globalization of the marketplace in recent years has made it vital for firms to look for opportunities beyond domestic markets, not only for growth but also to survive. Despite the remarkable growth of service exports and the contributions of the service sector to the global economy, there is scant knowledge about what drives export performance...

The relationship between capital structure and firm performance has been extensively investigated in the recent decades. However, only few studies investigate this relationship during financial crisis. Recent global financial crisis provides an opportunity to examine the effect of the crisis on the relationship between capital structure and firm pe...

Innovation in the financial market has provided more flexible choices of financial products and services to the consumers. Financial products and services are becoming more complex and not easily comprehendible by many consumers. Due to this, consumers with low financial literacy (FL) may face difficulties to make informed decisions on their saving...

Islamic economy is one of the fastest growing segments worldwide that estimated to be worth S3 trillion in 2021 with an average CAGR growth of 8%. In this segment Halal food is the largest pillar, where Muslim spent $1.17 trillion in 2015. The figures encourage many market players to enter to this market. However, Halal food market is fragmented an...

As an oil and gas exporter, Malaysia profited from higher world energy prices. However, the fall in oil prices from highs in 2014 significantly affected Malaysia’s government revenue (GR), hence its expenditure since the Malaysian GR still largely depends on oil revenues. Malaysia also has problems with high spending on energy subsidy, shrinking in...

The increasing globalization of markets and businesses is playing a major role on the pace at which Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) internationalize. Within this context, the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the internationalization of SMEs in developing countries is an important area of academic research. This paper examine...

The paper empirically investigates the co-integration and causality relationship between electricity consumption (EC) and income based on Malaysia’s data over the period 1980-2014 using VECM’s framework. In the analysis, the paper used standard econometric approach, namely the unit root tests, the co-integration tests, and Granger causality tests....

Higher education is a crucial platform for development of future talent. Graduates produced by universities must have comprehensive set of skills. The case teaching method has been acknowledged for its role in building participants’ generic skills including knowledge acquisition. However, much of the existing evidence on its effectiveness is limite...

The aim of this study is to empirically reconcile the impact of formal aspects of host countries’ institutional risks on the performance of multinational firms in emerging economies. In addition, this research seeks to provide a comparative study on formal institutions focusing on both aggregate and selected disaggregate core aspects of formal inst...

This study aims at empirically examining the effects of informal institutional risks on the performance of more than 12000 firms in 39 emerging market economies. This study examines the influence of informal institutional risks, along five dimensions of cultural values, on firm performance. The results reveal that different cultural dimension have...

In literature, underpricing initial public offerings (IPO) is described as asymmetric information and basic risk. Basically, the issuer of Initial Public Offering must leave enough ‘‘money on the table’’ to reduce investors’ uncertainty about the share’s value to attain sufficient interest. However, empirically, it is still unclear how aftermarket...

Economists argued that macroeconomic activity will be affected differently whether through indirect taxes or direct taxes. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the causality relationship between two types of tax categories (direct tax and indirect tax) and major macroeconomic variables based on Malaysia data, namely consumption, investment, govern...

Our youths today are living at the time of crisis. Youth unemployment is a recognized global and local concern. Skills deficit is often blamed for why they failed to secure jobs. Our generation Y-ouths is also a new specimen that the world is trying to understand. They carry values and attitudes so different which have made them the most misunderst...

This paper investigates the nexus between economic growth, export and public debt in Malaysia. The analysis was conducted using the VECM framework and the Granger Causality test over the period of 1970–2013 in order to explore the existence of causality relationship between these variables. The findings from the analysis show the existence of long...

This paper aims to review the previous studies in order to collect the effects of innovative behavior on sustainable development. However, there is just a limited research between innovative behavior and sustainable development. This paper provides a collection of prior studies which have been done regarding the relationship among innovative behavi...

One type of circuit breaker is price limit, which is used in future markets and other stock exchanges of emerging markets in order to prevent markets from excessive volatility, market controlling, crash occurrence and to enhance the market stability. The range of price limits in most of stock exchanges have changed with specific reasons. Researcher...

There are not many organ donors in Malaysia compared to other countries. According to several studies conducted, Malaysia is one of the lowest countries in term of organ donation rate although there are abundant of patients listed for organ transplants. Many reasons being made to why there are shortages of organ donors in Malaysia such as the lack...

Recently, the issues of corporate entrepreneurship have evoked interest not only from academics, but also from business practitioners and policy makers. This interest stems from the recognition of the advantage that can be gained from corporate entrepreneurship activities. This paper analyses the effect of corporate entrepreneurship (intrapreneursh...

The causality relationship between economic growth and foreign direct investment has generated intense research interest. The empirical study investigates the causal relationship between economic growth and foreign direct investment in 37 developing countries in multivariate framework The major findings are, in most cases, foreign direct investment...

The objective of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of monetary policy between civillaw countries and common-law countries by investigating the impulse response of monetary policy actions on the level of output. This is to determine whether countries of common-laworigin are less sensitive to monetary policy actions compared with civil-law c...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of monetary policy in four major countries in Southeast Asia by using impulse-response functions within a vector error correction model (VECM) framework. The impacts of interest rate shock on two macroeconomic variables, investment and consumption have been analysed and compared based on the magnitude and t...

p>This thesis begins with an empirical study of the links between financial development, financial structure and economic growth. The roles of the banking sector and of stock market development on economic growth are investigated individually and as a whole. The impact of financial structures on economic growth is also examined to determine whether...

This paper compares the effectiveness of monetary policy between civil-law and common- law countries by using the impulse response of monetary policy on the level of investment and consumption. This comparison is made to determine whether countries of common- law origin are less sensitive to monetary policy actions compared with civil-law countries...