Zoran S Ilic

• Full professor
• Full professor at University of Priština - Kosovska Mitrovica

This study examines the effect of extraction techniques (maceration-M, reflux-RE, ultrasonic-UE, Soxhlet extraction-SE) on the yield of total extractive matter (TEM), extraction kinetics, and antioxidant activity of black pepper fruits ethanolic extracts (BPFEEs). The content of total phenols and flavonoids was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and AlC...

The purpose of this study was to examine differences between postharvest treatments, either washed (hot water, H2O2 and Na2OCl) or non-washed (control) carrot roots and the effect of different storage conditions, S1 (0°C and > 95% RH) or S2 (0-2°C and < 90% RH) on the compositional changes. Losses of mass, Beta-carotene and vitamin C in carrot tapr...

In order to collect and preserve the pepper gene fond (Capsicum annuum L.) material was collected in locations in South Serbia and Central Kosovo with long tradition of growing old pepper varieties. The area around the town of Aleksinac (villages Moravac, Pr?ilovac, Nozrina and Luzane) has a long tradition of growing old varieties and populations o...

The aim of the research was to determine the yield, chemical composition and free radical-scavenging activity of the essential oils (EOs) in the leaves and fruit of wild-grown bay (Laurus nobilis L.) and rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis L.)from the Montenegro coast. The bay essential oil (BEO) yield was 0.88% in fruit and 2.65% in the leaves. The ro...

This study was conducted to determine the sea fennel essential oil (SFEO) yield, composition , and antioxidant activity of leaves, stem, inflorescences, and umbels from seeds of wild sea fennel (SF) (Crithmum maritimum L.) from the Montenegro coast. The chemical composition of isolated essential oil was determined by GC/MS and GC/FID analyses. The...

Sweet potato leavesare a natural source of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. Despite abundance of results regarding sweet potato composition, effect of fertilizing on bioactive compounds is not explored enough. In this study influence of diverse fertilization treatments on the yield and leaf composition of ‘Japanese’, ‘Beauregard’...

The adequate choice of rootstock and scion for Solanaceae and Cucurbitacae vegetable grafting is one of the most important factors in achieving high yields and good-quality fruits. Grafting on rootstock 'Maxifort' (S. lycopersicum L. × S. habrochaites) improved the total and marketable yield for the tomato 'Optima F1', but not in the case of 'Big B...

Citation: Milenković, L.; Ilić, Z.S.; Stanojević, L.; Danilović, B.; Šunić, L.; Kevrešan, Ž.; Stanojević, J.; Cvetković, D. Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Dill Seed (Anethum graveolens L.) Essential Oil from Plants Grown under Shading. Plants 2024, 13, 886. https://doi. Abstract: This study determined the content and composition of dill se...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of plant shading (covered by pearl shade nets with a 40% shade index or nonshading plants from open field) on the content and composition of essential oils extracted from summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) during the flowering stage cultivated under the ecological conditions of Serbia. The summe...

Chemical profiling the sage essential oils (SEOs) from wild and cultivated (shaded or non-shaded) plants has been investigated. The yield of SEOs from wild plants (3.51 mL/100 g) was higher than that from cultivated plants(shaded plants: 3.20 mL/100 g and non-shaded plants: 2.56 mL/100 g).The main components of SEO from wild plants were cis-thujone...

The study was conducted to determine fennel essential oil (FEO) yield, composition, and antioxidant activity during four different maturation stages of umbels with seeds (1st stage: immature-pasty; 2nd stage: premature-waxy; 3rd stage: mature-fully ripe; and 4th stage: seeds only), and leaves of wild fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. subsp. vulgare)...

The purpose of this study was to determine essential oil yield, composition, and antioxi-dant activity during two different maturation stages of umbels with seeds(I stage: premature-waxy; and II stage: mature-fully ripening) of wild carrot (Daucus carrota var. carota) from the Montene-grin coast. A higher yield of carrot essential oil (CEO) was det...

Thyme, mint, and lemon balm were used to determine whether shading conditions could improve the yield, composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity in plant essential oils (EOs) in comparison with non-shaded plants from an open field. The yield of the EOs of non-shaded thyme, mint, and lemon balm, was 3.44, 3.96, and 0.21 mL/100 g, respecti...

The present study aimed to determine and compare chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils (EOs) isolated from marigolds (Tagetes patula L.) cultivated in the garden in southeast Serbia. The EOs were isolated from dry orange and red flower petals by Clevenger type hydrodistillation during 2 h by using 1:15 m/V hydromodule. The...

This study examines the action of light modifications by different shade nets (pearl, red and blue color nets with a shade index of 50%) in relation to unshaded plants from the open field on the relative effects on changing basil aroma profile and antioxidant activity. The most abundant components were linalool, 1,8-cineole and myrcene. Aqueous ext...

The present study focuses on the yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of essential oils from different parts (flowers or leaves/stems) of cultivated plants grown under pearl shade nets with a 40% shaded index or in nonshaded plants and wild-grown oregano. The chemical composition of isolated essential oils was determined by GC/MS a...

The aim of this work was to compare the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oils from two plant parts (leaves and stems) of fennel, wild-grown in the Montenegro seaside. The chemical composition of the isolated essential oils was determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and flame ionization detectio...

Thyme, marjoram, lemon balm, mint, and sweet basil were used to determine whether light modification (plants grown under pearl nets with 50% shaded index or un-shaded-open field conditions) could improve the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs). Obtained results were discussed concerning previously determined yield and composition of EOs...

The aim of this review is to summarize our recently reported findings on the use of pre-harvest treatments (shade nets), applied either directly or in combination with other techniques (grafting) in order to minimize physiological disorders and maximize and maintain the phytochem-ical content of vegetables. The use of colored nets for shading veget...

Digestate is a residue of the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste for biogas extraction, but it can be reused as a source of nutrients. To examine the effect of digestate in kohlrabi production, field experiments were conducted during three seasons in two calendar years. The fertilization treatments included the application of solid digestate...

Lemon balm, mint, and basil were used to determine whether light modification (plants grown under pearl shade nets with 40 % shaded index or in un-shaded open field) could improve the quantity and quality of essential oils (EOs) and antioxidant activity. The yield of EOs of lemon balm, mint and sweet basil obtained after 120 min of hydrodistillatio...

Fresh produce is an important part of a healthy diet. Its consumption is known to have health-protective effects against a range of illnesses and health aspects defects such as cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Consumers generally express their concerns on food safety but relatively, very few of them appear to be expressing their concerns by cha...

Observed through agronomic and economic significance, cereals represent the most important group of field plants, and the protein content in grain is the most important chemical parameter of complex grain quality. The research was conducted in order to determine the influence of the variety and different doses of nitrogen on the grain yield and pro...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of production systems-(organic-ORG or conventional-CON) and growing cycle (fall-winter or spring-summer) of cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia 'Parris Island') and green onion (Allium cepa 'Sturon') as companion planting, on the mineral composition. Lettuce from CON systems contained m...

The manipulation of light intensity by shade nets can lead to exchanges in the phytochemical quality and antioxidants ofsome herbs. This study aimed to determine whether shading by pearl nets (50% shade index) could improve the bioactive compounds in several medicinal herbs such as thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), oregan...

The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. ‘Genovese’) cultivated in the open field under different shading conditions (red, blue, and pearl nets with a shade index of 50% and full sunlight exposure (control plants)), harvested at different times. The antimi...

Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme), Origanum majorana L. (marjoram), and Origanum vulgare L. (oregano) were used to determine whether light modification (plants grown under nets with 40% shaded index or in un-shaded open field) could improve the quantity and quality of essential oils (EOs) and antioxidant activity. The yield of EOs of thyme, marjoram, and...

More food with high nutritional content will be needed to feed the growing global human population, which is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050. Fruits and vegetables contain most of the minerals, micronutrients, and phytonutrients essential for human nutrition and health. The quantity of these phytochemicals depends on crop genetics, weather and...

Istraživanja su imala za cilj odrediti značaj utjecaja zastiranja tla različitim vrstama malča na kontrolu korova, prinos i kvalitetu dvije sorte salate (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) ‘Mafalda’ i ‘Bataille. Primjena zastiranja se odražava na povećanje temperature tla, Ispod crne polietilenske folije temperature tla je bila za 2˚С viša u usporedbi s...

Introduction to vegetable grafting . History of grafting . Characteristics of grafted vegetables in the world, region and Serbia Specifics of grafting - various types of vegetables. Root-stock for grafting vegetables. Grafting in organic vegetable production. Grafting - general principles. Methods of grafting . Micro-grafting vegetables. Physiologi...

Spinach is a leafy vegetable containing a plethora of bioactive compounds. Our study aimed to evaluate the physiological (i.e., JIP-test) and phytochemical response of spinach baby leaves grown with regular or mildly saline (40 mM NaCl) nutrient solution and irradiated by four light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with broad spectra. T1 (highest red and far...

Interaction of grafting and shading on tomato physical properties and chemical composition after 15 days of storage at 10 °C and 90% relative humidity was investigated in ungrafted and grafted tomato cultivars ‘Optima F1’ and ‘Big beef F1’ grown under shading nets (red and pearl net) and nonshaded conditions. For grafted plants ‘Maxifort’ rootstock...

Disturbance of natural ecosystems is assumed serious purpose and in the region of central Kosovo, particularly in the industrial areas of lead and zinc mining in the Kišnica mine and the thermal power plant, Obilić. Deposits of tailings from these industrial zones near the villages Gračanica and Plemetina have led to pollution of the soil and river...

Disturbance of natural ecosystems is assumed serious purpose and in the region of central Koso-vo, particularly in the industrial areas of lead and zinc mining in the Kišnica mine and the thermal power plant, Obilić.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of coloured shade-nets (pearl, blue, or red all with a 50% shade index) compared to non-shaded plants on quality traits on the Discoa and ICE 40102 (green-leaf) and Eglantine (red-leaf) lettuce cultivars. Total chlorophyll content depended on the shading and lettuce genotype. The chloroph...

In the research carried out in the period from 2009-2012, in the north of Montenegro, the influence of cultivar and different amounts of nitrogen on the productive traits of winter triticale was examined. The research covered 5 cultivars of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango). The experiment was set up by random block system...

In the research carried out in the period from 2009–2012, in the north of Montenegro, the influence of cultivar and different amounts of nitrogen on the productive traits of winter triticale was examined. The research covered 5 cultivars of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango). The experiment was set up by random block system...

BACKGROUND The need to increase marketable tomato yields and decrease losses due to sunburn and disease during the summer motivates farmers to adopt additional cultural practices such as shading and grafting. To investigate complex interactions among grafting, shading, and tomato cultivar, grafted and ungrafted tomatoes (cv. 'Optima' F1 and cv. 'Bi...

In this study, the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus − AMF Rhizophagus intraradices inoculum (prior or with transplanting) to different pepper type (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. Arlequin F1 (long fruits) and Raiko F1 (bell pepper), on plant growth and physiological parameters in response to elevated soil P concentrations from organic greenhouse pr...

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of coloured shade-nets (pearl, blue, red and black with 50% shade index) in comparison to open field (non-shaded plants) on quality traits of different butter lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata) cultivar ‘Tizian’ leaves (external and internal) from summer production at harvest and during s...

This paper presents the influence of varieties and different doses of applied nitrogen on grain yield and protein content of triticale. The experiment was set in the period from 2010 to 2012 in the north of Montenegro, in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje. The research included 5 varieties of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango) o...

In the present study, tomato (grafted and nongrafted) was grown in the soil under net-house cover by pearl and red nets (50% shade index) or un-shade condition (open field-control). Commercial tomato cultivars (‘Optima F1’ and ‘Big Beef F1’) were used to determine whether grafting (Maxifort rootstock) could prevent decrease of fruit weight and qual...

The photoselective, light-dispersive shade nets can be used as an alternative to protect crops from adverse environmental conditions such as; excessive solar radiation, heat and drought stress, wind and hail, birds, flying pests, thus improving crop's production, yield and quality. The physiological parameters discussed in the review include: veget...

Quality of produce cannot be improved after harvest, only maintained. Postharvest handling depends on the specific conditions of production, season, method of handling, and distance to market. Under organic production, growers harvest and market their produce at or near the peak ripeness more commonly than in many conventional systems. Organic prod...

The effects of utilization of different color shade nets in lettuce production during the summer season were evaluated in Serbian climate conditions for pearl, blue, red and black shade nets in comparison to open field production. Applied shade nets (with shade index of 50%) significantly reduced solar irradiation (from 890 in open field to 400–560...

Old traditional Serbian pepper landraces (Nizaca, Lokosnicka and Tursijara), grown in South Serbia and produced by seed sowing or transplanting, were evaluated in this study. Besides the basic morphological properties and composition, the features characterizing fruit color and pericarp anatomy were determined in order to analyze and systematize th...

Old traditional Serbian pepper landraces (Nizača, Loko snička and Tur sijara), grown in South Serbia and produced by seed sowing or transplanting, were evaluated in this study. Besides the basic morphological properties and composition, the features characterizing fruit color and pericarp anatomy were determined in order to analyze and systematize...

Consumers worldwide have become more and more concerned about the quality of fresh, fresh-cut fruits, and vegetables. Product quality is a complex issue: it encompasses visual characteristics, such as size, color, shape, and defects, all encompassed in general appearance; physical and chemical properties, such as texture, and mineral and vitamin co...

Modification of spectral quality via coloured shade nets can act as a physiological tool to modify the crop microenvironment and advance plant growth and yield. This literature review presents data on the physiological responses in vegetables linked to light quality under different coloured shade nets. The physiological parameters discussed in the...

Modification of spectral quality via coloured shade nets can act as a physiological tool to modify the crop microenvironment and advance plant growth and yield. This literature review presents data on the physiological responses in vegetables linked to light quality under different coloured shade nets. The physiological parameters discussed in the...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of harvest time (November or January) and postharvest treatments (hot water (50°C), H 2 O 2 (1%), NaOCl (175 ppm)) and nonwashed-control of carrots (Daucus carrota L. cv. 'Maestro F 1 ') on the changes in nutrient composition and texture under different storage conditions (S-1: 0°C, 98% RH; S-2: 0...

The main goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) in “bag-in box” with two type Xtend® films: microperforated films (XF1) and macroperforated films (XF2) compared to perforated polyethylene (PE) liner as control, on quality parameters and antioxidant activities of mini sweet peppers fruits (Capsicum an...

tThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of production systems – (organic-ORG orconventional-CONV) and growing season (autumn or spring) of cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longi-foila cv. ‘Parris Island’) and green onion (Allium cepa cv. ‘Sturon’) as companion planting (the onions andlettuce were grown in the same plot of land), on...

The concept of photo-selective netting was studied in a sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivar ‘Cameleon’ from summer cultivation in south Serbia (under high solar radiation 910 W m⁻², with a photosynthetic photon flux density of 1661 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), under four different coloured shade-nets (pearl, red, blue and black) with 40% relative shading....

The concept of photo-selective netting was studied in a sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivar ‘Cameleon’ from summer cultivation in south Serbia (under high solar radiation 910 W m-2, with a photosynthetic photon flux density of 1661 μmol m-2 s-1), under four different coloured shade-nets (pearl, red, blue and black) with 40% relative shading....

The main goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) in " bag-in box " with two type Xtend® films: microperforated films (XF1) and macroperforated films (XF2) compared to perforated polyethylene (PE) liner as control, on quality parameters and antioxidant activities of mini sweet peppers fruits (Capsicum...

Old traditional Serbian pepper landraces (Nizacˇa, Loko�snicˇka and Tur�sijara), grown in South Serbia and produced by seed sowing or transplanting, were evaluated in this study. Besides the basic morphological properties and composition, the features characterizing fruit color and pericarp anatomy were determined in order to analyze and systematiz...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of harvest time (Novemberor January) and postharvest treatments (hot water, H2O2, NaOCl and non-washed –control) of celeriac (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum 'Mentor') on the changes in different storage conditions S-1 (0°C; >95% RH) or S-2 (0-5°C; 85-92% RH) during 180or 120 days of storage period...

Under high solar radiation conditions throught 900 W m-2 (in South Serbia atJuly and August) and value of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) over 1600μmol m-2 s-1, unshaded plants were exposed to high heat stress throughout thegrowing season. The photo-selective netting concept was studied in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon ‘Vedetta’) cultivati...

The pepper fruit is commonly consumed as fresh fruit. In addition, the fruit is used in food industry and in manufacture proccessing (fermented, concentrated). Pepper fruit is a rich source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties to which highly desirable medicinal properties and health benefits have been attributed. The stability and co...

Th e objective of this study was to develop postharvest techniques and technologies of the most important root vegetables: carrots, celeriac and parsnip. Investigations included the eff ect of harvest maturity (harvest at November or January) and postharvest washing treatments (hot water, H 2 O 2 and NaOCl and non-washed-control) of carrots (Daucus...

The objective of this study was to develop postharvest techniques and technologies of the most important root vegetables: carrots, celeriac and parsnip. Investigations included the effect of harvest maturity (harvest at November or January) and postharvest washing treatments (hot water, H2O2 and NaOCl and non-washed-control) of carrots (Daucus caro...

A field study was conducted to investigate translocation and accumulation of four heavy metals: cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in 10 different plants : corn (Zea mays L.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), lettuce (L...

Background: The concept of photo-selective netting using commercial cultivation practices was studied in a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Vedetta') summer cultivation in south Serbia (under high solar radiation 910 W m(-2) , with a photosynthetic photon flux density of 1661 µmol m(-2) s(-1) ), under four different coloured shade-nets (pearl, red, b...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of harvest maturity and postharvest washing treatments (hot water, H2O2, NaOCl) and unwashing (control) on the nitrate content of carrots (Daucus carrota 'Maestro F1'), celeriac (Apium graveolens var rapaceum 'Mentor') and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa 'Banatski dugi') roots stored at 0±1 °C and >...

The aim of this study was to consider the contribution of individual attributes in the sensory profile of the fresh pepper fruit using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Four traditional Serbian red pepper cultivars, grown in Leskovac area and produced by seed sowing or transplanting, were evaluated in this study....

The effect of treatment of seed with various lead concentrations of Pb-acetate (10-5M, 10-4M, 10-3M, 10-2M and 2 x10-2M) on seed germination (beans, onion, raddish, carrot, lettuce, brussels sprout) was investigated. The distribution of lead (Pb) in different tissues of the bean seed (seed coat, endosperm, embryo), depending on seed mass (large, me...

The effect of treatment of seed with various lead concentrations of Pb-acetate (10(-5)M, 10(-4)M, 10(-3)M, 10(-2)M and 2 x 10(-2)M) on seed germination (beans, onion, raddish, carrot, lettuce, brussels sprout) was investigated. The distribution of lead (Pb) in different tissues of the bean seed (seed coat, endosperm, embryo), depending on seed mass...

Grafting of vegetable seedlings is a unique horticultural technology, practised for more than 50 years, to overcome problems associated with intensive cultivation on limited arable land. Grafting vegetables can protect against soil-borne diseases and nematodes, against abiotic stresses such as high/low temperatures, salinity, drought or excessive s...

The objective of this study was to investigate whether there were any differences in the heavy metals and nitrate content in organic and conventional tomatoes (Robin-F1, Amati-F1 and Elpida-F1). The tomato as a fruit vegetable is not characterized by high accumulation of heavy metals and nitrates. We found significantly greater concentrations of Pb...

The aims of this research were to evaluate the keeping quality (water loss, firmness, decay incidence) and bioactive constituents (vitamin C, antioxidant activity) of three commercial bell pepper cultivars (Selika-red, Dynamo-yellow and Sympathy-orange color) held for 21 days (d) storage at 7 o C and market simulation (3 d at 20 o C). Cultivars typ...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of harvest maturity and postharvest washing treatments (hot water, H2O2 and NaOCl) or without washing (control), on the nitrate content of carrots (Daucus carrota ‘Bolero F1’), celeriac (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum ‘Mentor’) and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa ‘Banatski dugi’) roots stored at 0±1...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of harvest time (November or January) and postharvest treatments (hot water, H2O2, NaOCl and non-washed – control) of parsnip roots (Pastinaca sativa ‘Banatski dugi’ – old domestic cultivar) and effects on the quantitative and qualitative changes during different storage conditions (S-1 0±1°C; >95...

The objective of this study was to investigate the application of different instrumental methods for measuring the hardness of fresh and cooked parsnip. Research was carried out on two previously prepared commercial parsnip samples, both fresh and cooked for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. Hardness was measured using a TA.XTPlus Texture Analyzer, equippe...

The aims of this research were to evaluate the keeping quality (water loss, firmness, decay incidence) and bioactive constituents (vitamin C, antioxidant activity) of three commercial bell pepper cultivars (Selika-red, Dynamo-yellow and Sympathy-orange color) held for 21 days (d) storage at 7 oC and market simulation (3 d at 20 oC). Cultivars type...

The objective of this study was to investigate whether there were any differences in the heavy metals and nitrate contents in organic and conventional tomatoes (Robin-F1, Amati-F1, and Elpida-F1). The tomato as a fruit vegetable is not characterized by high accumulation of heavy metals and nitrates. We found significantly greater concentrations of...