Zhonghe Pang

Verified

Zhonghe verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

Learn more

Verified

Zhonghe verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

Learn more

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor (Full) at Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

The understanding of precipitation δ¹⁸O variation at the glacial scale has been controversial in paleoclimatology. Groundwater δ¹⁸O might help provide clarity as they are a widely distributed record of annual weighted mean precipitated δ¹⁸O. Here, groundwater δ¹⁸O during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and late Holocene (LH) are first illustrated th...

Dual isotopes of sulfate (δ³⁴SSO4 and δ¹⁸OSO4), along with isotopes in water and trace elements of geothermal waters, are systematically investigated to quantitatively elucidate sulfate sources and oxygen and sulfur isotopic behaviors during deep groundwater circulation and to constrain reservoir temperatures in the Jimo nonvolcanic geothermal syst...

Terrestrial heat flow is the most integrated parameter in the thermal display of the Earth's internal heat energy at the surface. Heat flow data are not only a key supplement to seismic information, providing strong constraints on lithospheric thickness, geophysical properties and tectonic evolution, but also an important support for the selection...

Abstract: Thanks to the advancement of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling technology, the shale gas revolution in the United States has changed the energy structure of the country and affected the global energy landscape. Other countries(such as China, Poland, South Africa, Australia, Canada) have also actively followed suit. In 2023, Chi...

The rural population in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka is largely affected by Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown etiology (CKDu). According to the multidisciplinary research carried out so far, quality of groundwater is considered one of the possible causative factors for CKDu. Therefore, assessment of the quality of groundwater being used for drinking a...

The rural population in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka is largely affected by Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown etiology (CKDu). According to the multidisciplinary research carried out so far, quality of groundwater was considered one of the possible causative factors for CKDu. Therefore, the assessment of water quality variations and evolution mechanis...

In view of various current problems including the misuse of the concepts of groundwater age and groundwater residence time, the lack of basis for groundwater age classification, and complex and various groundwater dating methods, in this paper, we have given strict definitions of groundwater age and groundwater residence time, have carried out a re...

This paper aims to update our understanding of the carbon cycle in the Himalayas, the most intense collisional orogeny globally, by providing new insight into its impact on Cenozoic climate cooling through the use of isotopic variations in both organic and inorganic carbon and an isotopic mass balance model. Our results from 20 selected hot springs...

Sinters of geothermal system are usually dominated by travertine and siliceous sinter.With rich information on multi-temporal and spatial scales,they can be used to restore paleohydrological and paleoclimatic histories,recon-struct the evolutionary process of regional hydrothermal activity,and constrain tectonic modes.Accurate dating of sin-ters is...

Earthquakes, as one of the most destructive natural disasters, have caused immense damage and even irreversible losses to human society. Although technology advances, accurately predicting earthquakes still poses an unmet challenge in Earth sciences. Subsurface fluid monitoring plays a crucial role in earthquake prediction, with its abnormal change...

Traditionally, shale is believed to be mainly composed of bound water and does not produce water. The development of hydraulic fracturing technology enables us to explore the existence and characteristics of shale water. Many studies have shown that shale layers contain shale water, but the water quality is poor, the sources are complex, and they a...

Solute isotopes, such as 87Sr/86Sr, δ11B, δ7Li and δ44/40Ca, have been widely used to trace the sources of dissolved solutes in water, because of the large isotopic variation of the potential sources. Sorption–desorption and ion exchange commonly occur in a water–rock system that contains clay. However, the contribution or the impact of sorption–de...

Hydrothermal systems occurring in granite reservoir widely exist over the world, but those can continuously supply large quantities of hot water with certain temperature for power generation are rare, e.g., TangKeng geothermal system in South China. It is unclear how the granite reservoir keeps this kind of large natural yield of geothermal water w...

The water-rock interactions mainly include dissolution, precipitation, and ion exchange, etc. They participate in various geological processes and ecological-environmental processes. However, at present, insufficient consideration of the role of ion exchange in tracing the sources of ions in water and in isotopic techniques has limited the understa...

地热流体结垢是阻碍地热资源稳定、经济和高效开发利用的因素之一.系统总结了中高温地热流体开发利用中防垢除垢技术研究进展.中高温地热田中代表性垢物是钙垢和硅垢,其中钙垢成分以CaCO3为主,多形成于因压力下降导致CO2脱气的开采井或者地面设备,硅垢成分以无定型SiO2为主,多形成于因温度下降导致的溶解度减小的回灌井或者地面设备.实际生产中防垢除垢技术应结合地热流体利用方式进行选择和优化,直接利用方式可考虑采用基于CaCO3和无定型SiO2热力学性质的防垢技术;发电方式中钙垢可考虑阻垢剂注入的防垢技术,而硅垢则考虑利用石英和无定型SiO2溶解度差异、调控温度、pH、无定型SiO2浓度等防垢技术.

The outpouring hot spring water is deep circulated groundwater and its chemical constituents act as information carriers of the hydrological setting, including the recharge source, circulation path, and reservoir properties. However, the temporal variation in hydrochemical components and their inducing mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this st...

Defining moisture sources and evolution of precipitation is significant for further exploration of complex hydro-climatic interactions, especially under global warming with alternations of evapotranspiration capacity and precipitation moisture source structure. As a sensitive indicator, dexcess has been widely used to quantify the proportion of rec...

The stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in precipitation provide a useful reference for the study of hydrological processes, but concerns have been raised regarding the established patterns in their variations in a monsoon climate zone. In this study, stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) of 539 daily precipitation samples from seven hydrometeorologica...

The measurement and assessment of heat flux in volcanic and geothermal areas are crucial to studying the thermodynamic process, locating the activity of a geothermal field, evaluating geothermal resources, and assessing volcanic hazards. Several methods exist for conducting heat flux measurements, including assessing the soil temperature gradient,...

Determining groundwater age is critical for understanding hydrogeological systems and groundwater renewability. The 14C with a half time of 5730 years is an important tracer to determine groundwater age ranging typically from 1000 years to 40,000 years. The use of 14C age relies on the dissolved inorganic carbon of groundwater. The correction of th...

Using multiple isotopes including ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr in water, δ³⁴SSO4, δ¹⁸OSO4, δ¹⁸OH2O and δ²HH2O, δ¹³CDIC and ¹⁴CDIC in water, we have investigated the origin and evolution of sulfate concentration (1472mg/L) in the Tangquan Karst geothermal system in Nanjing, China. The sulfate has been found to be mainly derived from dissolution of gypsum and other eva...

In a complex water–rock system that contains clay (or/and organic matter) and carbonates, multiple factors can affect specific isotopic compositions or ratios of fluids, such as the adsorption–desorption, ion exchange, and dissolution-precipitation of the related minerals. In this situation, the Rayleigh model is inappropriate for simulating the po...

Tibetan Plateau (TP) receives moistures from different directions, so variations of isotope elevation gradient on different sides may exist. In this study, we systematically monitored and modeled the elevation effect of stable isotopes in precipitation of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, where we collected 265 water samples for stable iso...

The Kangding geothermal field along the Xianshuihe fault is a typical high-temperature geothermal system with an enormous capacity for geothermal power generation. The Xianshuihe fault is a major active sinistral strike-slip fault in eastern Tibet Plateau, where the fault splits into three parallel branches near Kangding. We collected data from 17...

This paper aims to determine the recharge sources, geochemical evolution and secondary reactions during ascending process of geothermal fluid with wellhead temperature of 92 °C in the Dengwu power plant of Fengshun area through analysis of hydrogeochemical and isotopic compositions of both geothermal water and gases. Results show that geothermal wa...

[Note: this paper can be downloaded from the following website : http://www.igg-journals.cn/article/doi/10.6038/cjg2022P0190?viewType=HTML] 浅海和俯冲海沟等海域，不仅是矿产和油气资源主潜力区，也是构造地震频发区，其浅表热流和深部温度信息对于了解板块俯冲和岩浆活动等过程至关重要.这些区域浅层地温场和热流场受到底水温度波动（BTV）强烈扰动，其背景热流需由长期观测来获取.在全面分析了国内外海底热流长期观测技术特点后，我们提出了系缆式海底热流长期观测方案，2013年起陆续开展了部分核心技术的预研究及一系列海底、湖底及浅孔试验.结果表明：（1）自主研制的长周期低...

Recoverable geothermal resources are very important for geothermal development and utilization. Generally, the recovery factor is a measure of available geothermal resources in a geothermal field. However, it has been a pre-determined ratio in practice and sustainable utilization of geothermal resources was not considered in the previous calculatio...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Springs discharge groundwater that travels along flow paths of different spatial and time domains. In many instances, it is difficult to describe its involved groundwater movement, availability as well as geochemical characteristics due to its hidden nature. Present study has assessed the deep groundwater in the form of thermal and non-thermal spri...

Hot springs and igneous rocks are present widely in southeast China, influenced by the subduction of the Western Pacific and Philippine Sea Plates. This study reports on new data of chemical compositions and He–Ne–C isotopes for gas samples from representative hot springs and wells in the Guangdong and Fujian provinces to identify the origin of hyd...

Large areas of Yanshan period granites with high heat production values (3–10 μW/m³) and mantle plume around Hainan province co-exist in Igneous Rocks Regions of South China (IRRSC). Surface manifestations are mainly warm/hot springs with temperatures below 90 °C and no typical phenomenon of high temperature resources have been observed. The main o...

Plain Language Summary In the context of global warming, remarkable changes have occurred in the evapotranspiration capacity and precipitation, which inevitably caused a series of alternations to the hydrological and atmospheric cycles. Defining the moisture sources of precipitation and its evolution in the atmosphere is of great significance for f...

Contents of this file: The Principle of the Original d-excess-based Model Cluster Analysis of the HYSPLIT Model Local Hydrometeorological Influence Tables S1 to S3 Figures S1 to S6

High-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) is a cost-effective and suitable technology to store large amounts of energy. HT-ATES has been demonstrated to be an efficient and stable tool to buffer seasonal imbalances and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Fractured reservoirs are widespread in sedimentary basins worldwide...

The northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NETP) represents the growth front of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) system. This region has long been recognized as a key in understanding the topographic response and crustal thickening of the entire TP. A heat flow anomaly (Gonghe Basin, 102 mW/m2) was found in the NETP. However, the heat-generation mechanism and the h...

A comprehensive heat flux assessment method that includes soil temperature measurement and a chloride-inventory method to evaluate the heat energy of a fissured geothermal area was developed. A novel optimized function was created to deal with the anisotropy of the sequential Gaussian simulation while calculating the conductive thermal energy relea...

Hierarchically nested groundwater flow systems have been widely investigated by numerical modeling and laboratory experiments but seldom recognized from in situ observations and testing. Groundwater age and geochemical profiles were obtained by the authors using a packer system along two wellbores drilled in the Ordos Plateau, China. Groundwater ag...

Over the past 10 years, China has become the world leader in direct use of geothermal resources. Among the space heating applications, Xiongxian County has been a model project. The project has turned the region smoke-free. A comparison has shown that, with 6.7 million square meters of houses serviced, Xiongxian is the largest geothermal heating pr...

The Ganzi geothermal system located in the eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau, is found to distribute the strongly active surface manifestations, such as boiling springs, and fumaroles. The resistivity structure of high-temperature hydrothermal system beneath Ganzi Basin has been obtained from the three-dimensional (3-D) magnetotelluric inversion of...

Deep faults could provide fluent channels for geothermal water uplift so that it is one of the targets for high-temperature hydrothermal exploration in orogenic geothermal belt. In the eastern edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, significant geothermal potential reflected by hot springs, fumaroles, and sinters, are indeed exposed along a series of li...

The use of the sulphate mass balance (SMB) between precipitation and soil water as a supplementary method to estimate the diffuse recharge rate assumes that the sulphate in soil water originated entirely from atmospheric deposition; however, the origin of sulphate in soil and groundwater is often unclear, especially in loess aquifers. This study an...

The unsaturated zone (UZ) plays an important link between groundwater and the land surface. The surface pollutants would be retained firstly in the UZ when the UZ is thick and the recharge rate is limited before they percolate into groundwater. This study is dedicated to revealing the groundwater nitrate source and transformation by combining evalu...

Abstract Deep-borehole heat exchangers (DBHE) are generally coaxial pipes installed in deep boreholes and has become an alternative approach to utilize geothermal energy. Since the performance of the DBHE system can be affected by several parameters, it is important to optimize the design of parameters for the DBHE. In this paper, based on the anal...

Abstract The deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) shows great potential in seasonal thermal energy storage and its high performance efficiency with smaller land occupancy attracts increasing attention as a promising geothermal energy exploitation technique. With respect to a vertical BHE with extremely long length pipes buried underground, thermal a...

In many instances, dynamic, potential status and geochemical characteristics of groundwater discharging through natural springs are not well known. Present study has assessed the deep groundwater in the form of thermal and non-thermal spring in artesian condition in the selected zones in Sri Lanka, using isotope and geochemical characteristics. The...

Understanding the connectivity between surface water and groundwater is key to sound geo-hazard prevention and mitigation in a waterscape such as the Jiuzhaigou Natural World Heritage Site in the southeast Tibetan Plateau, China. In this study, we used environmental isotope tracers (2H, 18O 3H, and 222Rn) to constrain a water cycle model including...

Plain Language Summary The hydraulic fracturing technologies have paved the way toward the development of unconventional shale gas from low‐permeability shale reservoirs. The solutes in flowback water after hydraulic fracturing of shale gas reservoirs can originate from injected fracturing fluids and formation water, but may also be derived from so...

High temperature geothermal systems in China are mainly located along the Himalayan belt and one of the main problems during production is calcite scaling. This paper presents a quantitative assessment of calcite scaling and possible removal and prevention methods for the Kangding geothermal field in the Western Sichuan Plateau, as an example. Rese...

The baseline quality of pre-drilling shallow groundwater is essential for the evaluation of potential environmental impacts of shale gas development. The Xishui region in the northern Guizhou Province of Southwest China has the potential for shale gas development but there is a lack of commercial production. As for the future environmental concerns...

A new significant aspect in the utilization of hydrothermal energy in China is the large-scale exploitation using multiwells from a single geothermal site. This requires detailed hydrogeochemical investigations to gain insight about deep groundwater circulation. At the Xiongxian karst geothermal site in North China, where the demonstration project...

While the global forest area is generally decreasing, various afforestation projects have been implemented, including the large‐scale Three‐North Afforestation Program (TNAP) and the Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program in China, under which 0.63 million square kilometers of trees have been planted. The large‐scale land use and cover change (LU...

Characterization of the rainfall infiltration mechanism, whether piston or preferential flow, through an unsaturated zone is necessary for groundwater resource assessment and for analysis of environmental geological hazards. However, several limitations and difficulties remain in determining the infiltration mechanism in arid and semiarid areas. Th...

Linked data for the paper entitled "How does precipitation recharge groundwater in loess aquifers? Evidence from multiple environmental tracers" published in Journal of Hydrology (Year 2020, Volume 583, 124532, doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124532)

Unlike the typical low-temperature (<150 °C) continental geothermal systems usually characterized by high N2, CH4 and CO2 concentrations but a trace H2 concentration, the sandstone-dominated Jimo hot spring on China's eastern coast exhibits: (1) abnormally high H2 concentrations (2.4–12.5 vol%) and H2/CH4 (up to 46.5); (2) depleted δD-H2 (−822 to −...

The application of the multi-physics modeling software OpenGeoSys, or OGS, developed by our collaborative group led by Prof. Olaf Kolditz in Leipzig, Germany, is explained with a few examples in China and else where.

Using data from major test sites of EGS (Enhenced Geothermal Systems) around the globle, we tsted the usefulness of chemical thermodynamic modeling approach for determining reservoir temperatures and the water isotope indicator method for identifying fluid sources in a geothermal system. We found that these techniques can be adapted to EGS circumst...

Necessary intermittence after heat extraction for a deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) is beneficial for sustainable operation. This paper centers on the fast simulation for thermal recovery characteristics of DBHE under intermittent condition. First of all, in view of the existing temperature gradient and multi-layer heterogeneity of rock undergr...

Potential environmental impacts on shallow groundwater from shale gas development facilitated by horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing is a widely debated “hot topic”. In terms of potential aqueous phase contamination (including flowback fluids and produced water), there is a large gap in knowledge of the indicators for routine monitoring an...

Environmental issues such as groundwater contamination, water shortage, and induced earthquakes induced by hydraulic fracturing or injection of wastewater have been paid attention to due to the rapid development of shale gas in China. The sources of pollutants potentially impacting groundwater quality can be directly from fracturing fluids, formati...

Characterization of geochemistry and geothermometry of the groundwater from the Continental Intercalaire (CI) aquifer, one of the largest aquifers in the world, stretching over one million km² surface area shared between Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, was conducted in southeastern Algeria nearby the border with Tunisia. Thirty-two water samples were c...

High-temperature geothermal fluids dissolve constituents pertinent to water-rock interaction and magmatic volatile absorption, resulting in high total dissolved solid (TDS) values. However, this study focuses on the hydrochemical evolution of the low-salinity HCO3–Na type high-temperature geothermal fluid in Cuopu, eastern Himalayas. The geothermal...

The Ganzi geothermal field, located in the eastern sector of the Himalayan geothermal belt, is full of high-temperature surface manifestations. However, the geothermal potential has not been assessed so far. The hydrochemical and gas isotopic characteristics have been investigated in this study to determine the geochemical processes involved in the...

In arid and semiarid area, the recharge rate is relatively limited and the unsaturated zone (UZ) is commonly thick. The moisture in the UZ may represent the water infiltrating from precipitation during the past decades to thousands of years. Therefore, the multiple geochemical tracers in soil moisture, including Cl (chloride mass balance), 3 H (tri...

An accurate representation of the spatial distribution of stable isotopes in modern precipitation is vital for interpreting hydrological and climatic processes. Considering the dominant impact of moisture sources in controlling water isotopes and deuterium excess, we conducted a meta-analysis of precipitation isotopes using instrumental data from 6...

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through on-line media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, p...

Stable noble gas isotopes are excellent groundwater tracers. Radioactive noble gases are emerging new tools in the study of groundwater circulation dynamics. Among these, the ⁸⁵ Kr and ⁸¹ Kr, and ³⁹ Ar have advanced very fast in recent years and exhibit strong potential in the reconstruction of the history of groundwater recharge and evolution in s...

The lowest reaches of a large-scale basin could be the discharge areas of local, intermediate and regional groundwater flow systems with significantly distinct travel distances and travel times. This study aims to delineate the groundwater chemical characteristics and the mechanism controlling the chemical evolution in the lowest reaches of the Wus...

This study aims to study hydrochemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater, and to assess suitability for human drinking in Dake Lake Basin, Northwest China. Hierarchical cluster analysis produces two geochemically distinct clusters, C1 and C2, which are dominated by Ca·Mg–HCO3 and Na–HCO3 type, respectively. C1 and C2 belong to shallow lo...

Environmental issues caused by hydraulic fracturing and wastewater reinjection during shale gas development have been paid more attention to. Because there are a wide variety of pollutants of the hydraulic fracturing, it is necessary to determine sensitive monitoring indicators for potential pollution tracing. This study takes the Jiaoshiba as an e...

Carbonate weathering by CO2 is considered to play an important role in the global carbon cycle. In acid rain-affected areas, the carbon cycle can be impacted by acid rain weathering. When previous studies have considered all possible weathering processes including H2SO4 in rainfall, sulfide oxidation and agricultural activities, this study proposed...

A revised heat flux method to evaluate heat loss of a fracture-controlled geothermal system is presented, which includes updated field and lab procedures. The method is applied to the heat discharge study on two geothermal areas of the Kangding geothermal system in the western Sichuan plateau, namely the 0.32 km² Yulingong Thermal Area (YLGTA) and...

High temperature geothermal systems are widely present along the Himalayan belt in the NW China. Strong manifestations have been observed in the Eastern syntax, where geothermal fluids are alkaline with pH almost higher than 9.0 due to boiling and waters are mainly Cl·HCO 3 -Na and HCO 3 -Na types. Large amounts of CO 2 from carbonate metamorphism...

Elucidating brine origin and evolution is a fundamental but not easy task especially for coastal geothermal systems with possible marine constituents and multistage evolution, as subsequently physical, chemical and biological alteration processes may mask the original and early-stage signatures. Here chemical and isotopic characteristics of water (...