Zhiqiang Shi

• Chengdu University of Technology

The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE, ∼183 Ma) is marked in the sedimentary record by a sharp negative carbon isotope excursion, thought to be causally linked to the emplacement of the Karoo-Ferrar Large Igneous Province and the associated release of 12C-enriched carbon. The T-OAE coincided with global climate and environmental changes, as well...

The Norian Stage of the Late Triassic represents a significant interval in geological history marked by environmental and biological evolutions. One notable event during this time is the late Norian warming event (W3), occurring in the late Norian. Globally recorded, the warming event is associated with carbon cycle perturbations, temperature incre...

Accompanying the Late Permian mass extinction (LPME), the sedimentary environment underwent significant changes in both marine and non-marine settings. However, researchers have not yet fully understood these changes. As an ever-present candidate for the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Permian–Triassic boundary (PTB), the Shangsi...

Marine nitrogen cycle perturbations during the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE, ca. 183 Ma) are recorded by the bulk nitrogen isotope compositions (δ15Nbulk) of sediments, which emphasize the impact of seawater redox changes on the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. However, lacustrine nitrogen cycling during the T-OAE is unexplored. Here, we repo...

Sea level fall is considered one of the significant factors leading to the end-Permian mass extinction (EPME). We studied the relative sea level changes in the Beifengjing and Shangsi sections, and the results indicate that a sea level fall occurred in the Upper Yangtze region during the Permian–Triassic transition. Considering that there is no sig...

Following the latest Permian mass extinction (LPME), abundant unusual sedimentary features and fabrics were widely distributed in Early Triassic carbonate platforms. As a unique type of carbonate grain, spheroids from the Lower Triassic are infrequently reported, yet differ significantly from giant ooids and oncoids. Griesbachian micritic spheroids...

To explore the genesis of the laminated calcite veins developed in the black shale of Chang 73 submember of the Ordos Basin, the petrology, microstructure and geochemistry of calcite veins are studied using thin sections, fluid inclusions, trace elements and isotopic geochemistry. The source, the time of formation, the mechanism of formation, and t...

Using thin-section images to estimate core permeability is an economical and less time-consuming method for reservoir evaluation, which is a goal that many petroleum developers aspire to achieve. Although three-dimensional (3D) pore volumes have been successfully applied to train permeability models, it is very expensive to carry out. In this regar...

Following the latest Permian mass extinction (LPME), the ocean experienced turbulent conditions due to elevated temperatures during the Griesbachian (Early Triassic). These adverse conditions resulted in a prolonged delay in biotic recovery. However, the current understanding of the sedimentological responses of the ocean at that time to these adve...

Sea-level fall is considered one of the significant factors leading to the end-Permian mass extinction. Our study focused on the relative sea-level changes in Beifengjing section which deposited in shallow-water platform and Shangsi section which deposited in deep-water trough. The results indicated a sea-level fall during the Permian—Triassic tran...

The Early Jurassic Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE, ca. 183 Ma) was accompanied by a major biotic turnover in the oceans and substantial vegetation change on land. The marine biotic crisis has been attributed to several triggers, e.g., anoxia, warming, ocean acidification, yet the processes underlying the collapse of the terrestrial ecosystem...

The nature of glaciation (bipolar vs. unipolar) during the Eocene−Oligocene transition (EOT) remains unresolved. Here, we report the occurrence of frost marks, ice-rafted debris (IRD), and glendonites from the Upper Eocene to Lower Oligocene Niubao Formation (Fm.) deposited in a proglacial lake above glaciolacustrine conglomerates and diamictite fa...

Due to the special tectonic background and complex geological evolution characteristics of the South China Sea, reef dolomite reservoirs (sush as Well Xike 1) are widely developed. Based on the drilling core data of Well Xike 1, the structure and geochemical characteristics of dolomite reservoirs, including carbon, oxygen, hydrogen isotopes and REE...

The Late Triassic was a key period for the evolution of the western Sichuan Basin from marine to continental sedimentation. However, the provenance of the earliest terrigenous sediments during this period remains debated, hindering our understanding of the tectonic events that ruled the evolution of the basin at that time. Herein, samples of fine s...

The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE, ∼183 Ma) was marked by a pronounced negative carbon-isotope excursion, rapid global warming, ocean deoxygenation, and turnover of marine and terrestrial biota. The T-OAE has been linked to carbon (C) release from volcanism, but the mechanisms controlling the cycling of C, metals, and nutrients during the ev...

In this paper, sea-level fluctuations during the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE) are investigated. A revision of published data from multiple successions worldwide indicates a sea-level drop that occurred in different geodynamic settings after the onset of the first of multiple carbon-isotope perturbations that characterize the CPE. New stable isotop...

During the Late Triassic, the southern margin of the Ordos Basin was influenced by the Indosinian Movement, in response to closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. Thinly bedded tuff layers are exposed near the base of the Middle–Upper Triassic formations (Chang 8/7/6 members) in the Ordos Basin. Tuff samples from drilling core (well An-35) and outcrop (...

Miocene is an important period for the development of global stromatolites. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of stromatolite (dense and porous) laminae record the changes in paleo-environment, from a drilling hole, ZK-1 at Wudaoliang in the Hoh Xil Basin, Northern Tibetan Plateau. Based on the drilling core observations, these lacus...

The Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary event (ca. 193 Ma) is recorded as a global perturbation of the carbon cycle, as evidenced by a large negative carbon-isotope excursion recorded in many marine sedimentary successions. Whereas multiple lines of evidence testify that the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary event was associated with environmental an...

The biostratigraphy and carbon stable isotopes of the Norian Stage (Upper Triassic) are well studied in the western Tethys, but little information is available from the eastern Tethys. Therefore, we studied the Hongyan-B (HYB) section in the Baoshan terrane, western Yunnan Province, SW China, which was located in the eastern Tethys during the Late...

The Bayingobi basin is the Mesozoic–Cenozoic basin in North China in which the Tamusu uranium deposit is located. The ore‐target layer of the deposit is the Lower Cretaceous Bayingobi Formation, which developed as a fan delta‐shallow lacustrine deposit. The distributary channel sand body of the fan delta plain and the underwater distributary channe...

Clarifying the precipitation and dissolution processes of carbonate cement is of great significance for reconstructing the history of reservoir diagenesis, quantitatively evaluating reservoir quality, and enhancing acidification-related oil recovery. In this study, comprehensive experiments were performed, including thin section observation, cathod...

A series of biotic crises and turnovers have been recorded at the Norian/Rhaetian boundary (NRB), together with a putative perturbation to the global carbon cycle in the form of one or more negative carbon-isotope shifts. Despite this evidence, the full validation of Norian/Rhaetian climate changes has not been possible. In particular, no clear rec...

The Central Asian orogenic belt is an accretionary orogenic belt that lies between the Siberian block and the Tarim and North China blocks. Since the central south of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt has been covered by desert and the Meso-Cenozoic Bayingobi Basin, its spatial configuration, evolution, closure time, and the Paleo-Asian ocean locatio...

Late Permian coal deposits are widely distributed throughout southwestern China. This paper describes the petrological composition of the last coal seam in the Longmendong section of the Emeishan area during the latest Changhsingian (Permian) and records important information regarding the evolution of the mass extinction event that occurred at the...

The origin of widespread dolomite deposits in Paleozoic strata is a longstanding open question. Here we use a suite of geochemical methods to investigate a prominent Paleozoic dolomite occurrence in SW China. The upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation of the upper Yangtze Block (SW China) covers the time interval just before the Ordovician-Silurian Mass...

The Yanchang Formation was deposited during the Middle Triassic in a vast lacustrine basin in the modern Ordos Basin and is a main target for hydrocarbon exploration in Central China. It is divided, based on sedimentary cycles and lithology, into the Chang 10 (the oldest) to Chang 1 (the youngest) members. During the deposition of the Chang 7 Membe...

There is no agreement regarding the processes that have governed the birth and vanish of ice masses on Earth during Cenozoic, as well as the possible existence of unipolar vs bipolar glaciations which remain controversial. Although it is generally accepted that Cenozoic cryosphere was characterized by a unipolar Antarctic glaciation at the Eocene-O...

The basins in Xingmeng area are superimposed and craton type. The basins host many large uranium deposits. Here, we studied the geological characteristics, uranium mineralization ages, and C-O-S isotopes in the basins. In addition, we discussed the uranium mineralization stages, uranium mineralization fluids, and established the regional mineraliza...

Upper Triassic deposits formed at the onset of subsidence in the Sichuan foreland Basin of South China, and may record a crisis of carbonate deposition related to the Carnian Pluvial Episode. However, there is no consensus yet on the precise age of these deposits in northwestern Sichuan. In this work, ammonoid biostratigraphy has been improved, and...

Since the Quaternary period, tectonic uplift and river erosion in the northeastern Ordos Basin (northwest China) have exhumed numerous coal seams, creating the conditions for the development of coal fires following their spontaneous combustion or other types of ignition (e.g., lightning strikes). Coal fires activity is testified by the widespread o...

A terrestrial ecosystem collapse event accompanied by extensive soil erosion has been widely recorded in marine sedimentary rocks at the vicinity of the end-Permian mass extinction. However, the precise timing of this event and its impact on the marine extinction have not yet been ascertained. Here we present an organic geochemical study of non-mar...

Jurassic flora of the Tibetan Plateau is poorly known, with limited fossil records. The paleobiogeography of terrestrial biota is, however, one of the major evidences to reconstruct the intricate paleogeography of an area. Well-preserved fossil wood is described from the Middle Jurassic Xiali Formation (Callovian) in the South Qiangtang terrane of...

Two significant stratigraphical microfossils, conodonts and radiolarians, are usually used for the Upper Triassic chronostratigraphy. The Baoshan Block was located in eastern Tethys during the Late Triassic where the biostratigraphical data of Upper Triassic are still poorly known. We collected new samples from the Hongyan section (HY) for biostrat...

Jurassic sediments in the southern Yili Basin of the Xinjiang Province, northwestern China, host several sandstone-hosted uranium deposits. The Jurassic uranium-enriched white sandstones are in the transitional zone between the oxidized and reduced zones. In addition, burnt rocks are common in nearby outcrops and occur occasionally in drill cores....

New biostratigraphic (ammonoids and conodonts) and geochemical data (carbonate carbon and oxygen stable isotopes, and organic carbon stable isotopes) are presented for the Carnian (Upper Triassic) marine succession of Ma’antang, Jiangyou County, in the Upper Yangtze Block (NW margin of the Sichuan Basin, China). In this locality, the Ma’antang Form...

The northwestern Sichuan Basin (South China) was a portion of eastern Tethys where, during the Late Triassic, a sharp lithological transition from oolitic–bioclastic limestones and sponge reef mounds to dark grey terrigenous clays, siltstones and sandstones is visible in several localities. The timing and significance of this major facies transitio...

Early Triassic microbialites are distributed widely in the shallow marine facies of the Tethys Region, especially in the carbonate platform where they were deposited immediately after the latest Permian mass extinction (LPME). Ten Griesbachian domed microbial mounds were found in an outcrop of the uppermost first member of the Feixianguan (FXG) For...

During the Carnian, the Hanwang area in the northwestern Sichuan Basin (South China) was characterized by shallow water carbonate sedimentation that underwent an abrupt demise associated to a sudden input of terrigenous sediments. This major facies change was considered to be the expression of the onset of the Carnian Humid Episode, a most remarkab...

The Yili Basin in NW China preserves a late Paleozoic volcano-sedimentary succession, the provenance of which helps to constrain the tectonic evolution of the South Tianshan orogenic belt. U-Pb ages and trace-element and Hf isotopic compositions of detrital zircons from the Late Devonian to earliest early Carboniferous strata in the Yili Basin sugg...

Paleogeographic maps, especially when overlain on reconstructions of ancient plate positions, represent the culmination of geoscience field mapping, basin drilling, geophysical research and methods of interpretation and correlation. During the past century, Chinese geoscientists have progressively compiled and revised many depositional facies maps...

In the late early Carnian (Late Triassic) an important, but yet poorly understood, phase of global climate change occurred. This is roughly coincident with a time of major biological turnover. Many important groups diversified or spread during the Carnian, e.g., dinosaurs, calcareous nannofossils, and modern conifers. Abrupt environmental changes a...

在川西北地区绵竹汉旺、安县雎水剖面上三叠统卡尼阶海绵礁( 丘) 灰岩顶部发现古喀斯特; 野外露头可见明显的花斑状构造以及蜂窝状溶孔，显微镜下可见泥晶化颗粒，喀斯特角砾以及喀斯特溶孔充填物，其中包括泥—亮晶方解石，生物碎屑以及陆源石英颗粒; 根据露头岩性和显微薄片特征判断其属于早成岩期喀斯特; 喀斯特成单层发育，之上覆盖化石丰富的黄色或黑色页岩，其中的菊石化石鉴定表明其为上卡尼阶底部沉积。该喀斯特是重要的等时界面，且可作为该地区上下卡尼阶的界线。喀斯特之上的岩性在汉旺和雎水有差异: 在绵竹汉旺青岩沟剖面，喀斯特灰岩之上覆盖有黑色粉砂质页岩与生屑灰岩( 如层状海绵灰岩、海百合灰岩) ，在汉旺观音崖剖面，喀斯特面之上发育海绵丘灰岩及页岩，在安县雎水剖面，古喀斯特发育在滚落的海绵巨砾之上。综合研究表...

Upper Triassic (Carnian) marine successions in the northwestern margin of Upper Yangtze Region (Sichuan Basin, China) show a lithological change from grey oolitic into a sponge-mound limestone (Units 1 and 2 of the lower member of the Ma'antang Formation), then overlain by greyish black to dark grey sandy shale and siltstone (Units 3 and 4 of the u...

The largest mass extinction of biota in the Earth’s history occurred during the Permian–Triassic transition and included two extinctions, one each at the latest Permian (first phase) and earliest Triassic (second phase). High seawater temperature in the surface water accompanied by euxinic deep-intermediate water, intrusion of the euxinic water to...

Thick successions from the margins of the Triassic Yangtze Platform of the South China Block record a transition from carbonate-rich facies (Zhuganpo Formation and equivalents) to clastic-rich facies (Xiaowa Formation and equivalents) during the Carnian (early Late Triassic) that mark the final phase of termination of this long-lived platform. Cycl...