Zarrin K. Chua

• Institut Superieur de l'Aeronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)

The effects of aging on cognitive performance must be better understood, especially to protect older individuals who are engaged in risky activities (e.g. aviation). Current literature on executive functions suggests that brain compensatory mechanisms may counter cognitive deterioration due to aging, at least up to certain task load levels. The pre...

Understanding the effect of aging on brain efficiency and executive functions is important for high risk activities such as general aviation. In this study, ten private pilots in the age group 19–25 and ten in the 52–72 range completed the spatial working memory (SWM) and spatial planning and reasoning (One Touch Stockings, OTS) from the Cambridge...

Raja Parasuraman, the father of Neuroergonomics (the crossroads of Ergonomics and Neuroscience, Figure 1) has opened the doors to new discoveries and techniques for advancing understanding of human behavior with the underlying brain mechanisms (Parasuraman, 1998). As of his death in 2015, a precise and objective definition of the concept of mental...

Evaluating future technology concepts for air traffic control ground operations requires exploration of work scenarios of differing complexities, i.e. scenarios that create more or less taskload for air traffic controllers. While the link between traffic load and workload has been well-characterized in the literature and is often the only complexit...

The expected growth in air traffic has resulted in many projects attempting to mitigate the problem of air traffic control, particularly at airports. These projects have focused on characterizing the workload of the air traffic control officer and/or introducing automated technology to assist in his or her responsibilities. Many of these projects h...

Decision makers are often required to make decisions with incomplete information. In order to design decision support systems (DSSs) utilizing restrictiveness and guidance to assist decision makers in these situations, it is essential to understand how certain decision-making strategies are affected by incomplete information. This paper presents th...

Automated technology is one of many solutions that can help meet the growing air traffic demand at busy airports by assisting air traffic controller officers maintain efficient and safe operations. In particular, ground controllers can benefit from the services of an automated decision support system that can provide taxiing path suggestion and con...

The addition of a cognitive process model with other subsystem models would greatly aid conceptual design by allowing mission designers to fully explore the impact of different function allocations. This paper presents the development of a cognitive process model of astronaut decision making during the selection of a final landing site. The model i...

Rendezvous and docking with uncooperative target objects are driving capabilities for future robotic on-orbit servicing and space debris removal systems. A teleoperation system augments a robotic system with the perception, cognition, and decision capabilities of a human operator, which can lead to a more capable and more flexible telerobotic syste...

Decision makers are often required to make decisions with incomplete information. In order to design decision support systems (DSSs) to assist decision makers in these situations, it is essential to understand why and how decision makers select their strategies. This paper presents a simulation which examines the impact of incomplete information on...

Predicting astronaut performance when choosing where to land on the Moon, or the landing point designation task, is difficult. Human judgment and decision making for this application is not well-characterized. To address this knowledge deficiency, an experiment was designed to replicate the landing point designation task in both ideal and poor land...

The objective of this paper is to examine current literature and to compile a guideline for integrating human factors principles into systems engineering. Each of the four suggested design stages — requirements acquisition, concept generation, preliminary, detailed — is characterized by a short description of the systems engineer's and the human fa...

•Address issues facing complex systems •Satisfy customer needs & market demand •Meet government regulations

This work presents a preliminary system level assessment of the payload mass change due to landing point redesignation of representative high-mass Mars systems (systems with entry masses greater than 20 t). An optimal propulsive descent guidance law which minimizes the control effort during the descent is used in order to assess the range of feasib...

Many papers at previous HFES Meetings have touched on the theme of how to either incorporate human factors earlier in the design process, including development of new methods and discussion of what existing methods and tools are applicable at the preliminary and conceptual design phases. To many HFES members, these questions are not an academic exe...

The requirements for the next generation of lunar landers include being capable of landing in terrain that is both poorly lit and hazardous, increasing the importance and difficulty of an already critical mission task known as landing point redesignation. During this task, the crew interacts with an on-board automated flight system to finalize the...

NASA's Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) project is developing technologies for safe landing anytime/anywhere on planetary surfaces. Minimizing time, thus minimizing fuel consumption, is critical during landing, so ALHAT displays must convey information efficiently to operators. The ALHAT Human System Interface (HSI) team d...

Experimentally derived data was extrapolated to compare the lunar landing performance of human pilots to that of an automated landing system. The results of this investigation are presented. Overall, the pilots performed equal to or better than the automated system in 18% of the relevant cases, but required more fuel. Pilot site selections were fur...

AE8900 MS Special Problems Report; Space Systems Design Laboratory (SSDL); Cognitive Engineering Center (CEC); Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta, GA Despite two decades of manned spaceflight development, the recent thrust for increased human exploration places significant demands on current technol...

Fulfilling NASA's space exploration objectives requires precision landing to reach lunar sites of interest. During the approach and landing stages, a landing point redesignation (LPR) display will provide information to the crew regarding the characteristics of alternate touchdown points. Building on a previous study which examined crew tasks durin...