Zanariah Hashim

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia | UTM · Department of Bioprocess Engineering

Probiotics are well known for supporting a healthy digestive tract and aiding nutrition digestion in the human body. Bioencapsulation is a great way to boost the protective impact, extend the shelf life, and deliver probiotics to the human gastrointestinal tract at a specified moment. As a natural delivery strategy for food applications, probiotics...

Encapsulation process has been widely applied in food industry to improve the properties and stability of bioactive ingredients. However, a suitable type of wall material needs to be studied as different wall formulation will produce powders with different characteristics. This research aims to evaluate the influences using different combination of...

Common treatments for the management of diabetes have limitations due to side effects, hence the need for continuous research to discover new remedies with better therapeutic efficacy. Previously, we have reported that the combination treatment of gallic acid (20 mg/kg) and andrographolide (10 mg/kg) for 15 days demonstrated synergistic hypoglycemi...

Introduction: Synacinn™ is a standardized polyherbal supplement for diabetes mellitus which is formulated from Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eugenia polyantha, and Orthosiphon stamineous. Materials and methods: This study aimed to elucidate the antidiabetic potential of Synacinn™ on three specific actions,...

Biohydrogen possesses similar benefits as the other types of biofuels in terms of its capability to reduce fossil fuel dependency and greenhouse gas emission. This work investigates the economic potential of biohydrogen production using liquid pineapple waste as the feedstock. The economic assessment conducted includes total production cost, total...

Probiotics as a potential substitute for antibiotics in animal farm especially poultry industry has become an area of great interest. The use of antibiotics in poultry farming results in presence of antibiotics residue in poultry product and may consequently affecting human health by developing pathogenic microbes to be drug-resistance. In addition...

Pectin has been used widely as thickener, stabilizer and gelling agent. However, the sources of pectin industrially are still limited. This study aims to optimize the extraction of pectin from sweet potato residue using hydrochloric acid. In this study, proximate analysis of the sweet potato residues were performed and the extraction of pectin from...

Maltooligosaccharides (MOSs) are emerging oligosaccharides in food-based applications and can be synthesized through the enzymatic synthesis of maltogenic amylase from Bacillus lehensis G1 (Mag1). However, the lack of enzyme stability makes this approach unrealistic for industrial applications. The formation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs...

Blue pea flower (BPF) is one of the natural anthocyanin colourant sources in the world used in food and cosmetic products. Natural colourants are unstable and thus must be encapsulated. The BPF colourant could retain its colour during storage via microwave-assisted encapsulation. This study evaluated the effect of maltodextrin concentration, microw...

The use of maltogenic amylase (MA) for maltooligosaccharides (MOS) synthesis offers various advantages. However, lack of enzyme stability and high solubility brings major barriers for its industrial application. The exploitation of cross linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) method for enzyme stabilization has been studied for many years. Though, the co...

Enzymatic synthesis of maltooligosaccharides is hampered due to lack of stability of soluble enzyme. This limitation can be tackled by cross linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) immobilization approach. However, substrate diffusion is a major bottleneck in cross linking technology. Herein, CLEAs of maltogenic amylase from Bacillus lehensis G1 (Mag1) wa...

Previous studies had reported on the antidiabetic effect of gallic acid and andrographolide, as monotherapy, in diabetic rats. However, studies on the combination effect of gallic acid and andrographolide in treating diabetes are lacking. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the antihyperglycaemic activity of combined gallic acid a...

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer with high purity of cellulose and excellent mechanical properties. Increased interest in the use of natural polymer makes BC as an excellent alternative for plant cellulose. Although both celluloses consist of unbranched pellicle with chemically equivalent structure, bacterial cellulose exhibits greater prop...

Safety data of newly developed active pharmaceutical ingredient is of regulatory requirement. The LD50 value is important to estimate the suitable dosage of extract for acute toxicity study and determine its safe dosage. LD50 estimations for aqueous and ethanol extracts of polyherbal Diabecine™ were determined due to its potential to be used as act...

Natural antioxidants derived from plants have shown a tremendous inhibitory effect on free radicals in actively metabolizing cells. Overproduction of free radicals increases the risk factor of chronic diseases associated with diabetes, cancer, arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Andrographis paniculata, Cinnamon zeylanicum, Curcuma xanthorrhiza,...

Palm oil is one of the important commodities of Malaysia and is superior for frying due to its high oxidative stability and high content of unsaturated fatty acids. The quality of frying oil will decrease with time and repeated cycles of frying, and may subsequently affect the safety of the food. Several parameters such as peroxide value (PV) and c...

Fat cells or adipocytes are important sites in glucose metabolism where triglycerides are synthesised from the excessive glucose in blood. These cells are produced from a complex process called adipogenesis where pre-adipocytes are differentiated by chemical inducer into mature adipocytes. Herbs and plants have shown tremendous effects on adipogene...

The increased demand for clean, sustainable and renewable energy resources has driven the development of various microbial systems to produce biofuels. One of such systems is the ethanol-producing yeast. Although yeast produces ethanol naturally using its native pathways, production yield is low and requires improvement for commercial biofuel produ...

Transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in gene regulation, providing control for cells to adapt to ever changing environments and different physiological states. Although great effort has been taken to study TFs through DNA-protein binding and microarray gene expression experiments, the understanding of transcriptional regulation is sti...

Rtg1 and Rtg3 are two basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors found in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are involved in the regulation of the mitochondrial retrograde (RTG) pathway. Under RTG response, anaplerotic synthesis of citrate is activated, consequently maintaining the supply of important precursors necessary for amino acid a...