Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria

Universiti of Malaysia Sabah | ums

Oxidative stress is related to several metabolic diseases, including hyperlipidemia. Previous studies have shown the antioxidant properties of Zingiber cassumunar rhizomes and Guazuma ulmifolia leaves. The objective of this study was to see the antioxidant activity of Z. cassumunar rhizomes, G. ulmifolia leaves extracts, and their combinations in h...

Background: Ardisia crenata (A. crenata) and Peliosanthes teta Andrew (P. teta) are popular medicinal plants in Malaysia that are claimed to have several biological effects. Objective: To assess the anticancer and radical-scavenging properties of A. crenata and P. teta methanolic extracts. Methods: TPC was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu test;...

Mn3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) find diverse applications in the fields of medicine, biomedicine, biosensors, water treatment and purification, electronics, electrochemistry, and photoelectronics. The production of Mn3O4 NPs was reported earlier through various physical, chemical, and green routes, but no studies have still been performed on their biosyn...

After a careful and comprehensive review of our data and the figures in our manuscript, we have identified an area where we believe a correction is warranted in order to enhance the clarity and precision of our findings [...]

Introduction: Water was a part of the environment that was very susceptible to contamination by various hazardous substances, both physical, chemical, and microbiological. Serious health problems might occur when humans consume contaminated drinking water and can cause infectious and non-infectious diseases. This study aimed to analyze the risk quo...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Diabetes mellitus, a widespread chronic illness, affects millions worldwide, and its incidence is increasing alarmingly, especially in developing nations. Current pharmacological treatments can be costly and have undesirable side effects. To address this, medicinal plants with antidiabetic effects, particularly targe...

Incorporating antioxidants in functional foods represents an excellent dietary approach to prevent oxidative stress. The present work aimed to create a novel formulation of biscuits using a combination of Zingiber cassumunar (ZC) and purple sweet potato (PSP) as the main ingredients, in producing a functional food product that possesses antioxidant...

Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are major risk factors for the onset of cardiovascular diseases, and the oxidative stress caused by high level of lipids can cause liver damage. Zingiber cassumunar has been reported to contain a high antioxidant content that may provide therapeutic advantages. The present study was to evaluate the antihyperlipid...

A B S T R A C T Ethnopharmacological relevance: Lotus corniculatus L. (Fabaceae) traditionally used in Persian folk medicine to heal peritoneal inflammation and back pain. Aim of the study: To explore the antinociceptive (acute pain) and anti-neuropathic (chronic pain) activities of Lotus corniculatus leaves essential oil (LCEO) in addition to unc...

Context Bauhinia purpurea L. (Fabaceae) is used in the Ayurvedic system to treat various oxidative-related ailments (e.g., wounds, ulcers etc.). Therefore, it is believed that the plant also has the potential to alleviate oxidative-related liver damage. Objective This study elucidates the hepatoprotective activity of chloroform extract of B. purpu...

Context Arjunolic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid saponin found in Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (Combretaceae). It exerts cardiovascular protective effects as a phytomedicine. However, it is unclear how AA exerts the effects at the molecular level. Objective This study investigates the cardioprotective effects of arjunolic acid (AA) via MyD8...

The objective of this study is to access the effect of purple sweet potato leaf (PSPL) extract on diabetic retinopathy (DR) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 60 mg/kg STZ, and diabetes was confirmed on day 7. Rats were further divided into a few g...

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/szoOkhYlQwY Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 has put healthcare workers under high pressure with possible psychological problems and its most common effects are insomnia, depression, distress, anxiety, and somatization symptoms. Previous studies in several centers have shown different results between f...

An asymmetric catalysis is a form of catalytic reaction wherein a chiral catalyst controls the production of a chiral molecule to favour the synthesis of one stereoisomer over another. It's a good way to make stereoisomeric molecules for pharmacological purposes. Among the transition metals, copper is a cost-effective, plentiful, and less poisonous...

Background: Bezoar (PB) is a rare, solidified form of undigested food commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of porcupine (Hystrix brachyura). It is believed to be traditionally used to treat various diseases including different kinds of cancers in Malaysia. However, its active principles have not been found out yet. The purpose of this study...

This study assessed the toxicity of lutein-rich purple sweet potato leaf (PSPL) extract in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Methods and study design: A total of 54 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were used. For the acute toxicity study, three rats in the acute control group were fed 2,000 mg/kg of PSPL for 14 days. The subacute toxicity study included six...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for a notable rise in the overall mortality rate. Obesity is found to be one of the main factors behind CRC development. Andrographis paniculata is a herbaceous plant famous for its medicinal properties, particularly in Southeast Asia for its anti-cancer properties. This study examines the chemopreventive impa...

Maternal obesity is a key predictor of childhood obesity and a determining factor for a child’s body composition. Thus, any form of maternal nutrition during the gestational period plays a vital role in influencing the growth of the fetus. Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) yogurt has been found to comprise many bioactive compounds such as tannins, s...

Purpose: To determine the effect of the ethanol leaf extract of M. calabura (EEMC) on cell leakage and time-kill against S. aureus. Methods: The leaves were macerated with 96 % ethanol (1:8; w/v) for 27 h to produce EEMC. Chemical compounds of EEMC were analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Various conce...

Aerial parts of Tetracera indica Merr. (Dilleniaceae) are rich in betulinic acid and stigmasterol and traditionally used to treat diabetes. This study was aimed to evaluate an in vitro antidiabetic potential of betulinicacid and stigmasterol to ascertain whether they may contribute antidiabetic effect to T. indica. Initially, betulinicacid and stig...

Since the first prevalence of COVID-19 in 2019, it still remains the most devastating pandemic throughout the world. The current research aimed to find potential natural products to inhibit the novel coronavirus and associated infection by MD simulation and network pharmacology approach. Molecular docking was performed for 39 natural products havin...

The Bouea macrophylla fruit is native to Malaysia and is known for its many beneficial effects on one’s health. Probiotics are well-known for their roles as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumour properties due to their widespread use. As a result, the purpose of this study was to incorporate the ethanolic extract of Bouea macrophylla into...

The fruit of Phaleria macrocarpa have been traditionally used as an antidiabetic remedy in Malaysia and neighbouring countries. Despite its potential for diabetes treatment, no scientific study has ever been conducted to predict the inhibitor interaction of the protein α-glucosidase identified in an extract prepared with a non-conventional extracti...

Reductive cross-electrophile transformations have recently been made into a robust and long-lasting synthetic technique for the production of specific C-C bonds. The use of inexpensive and plentiful electrophiles eliminates the need for pre-formation and handling of organometallics. In stereospecific reductive cross-coupling, nickel is one of the m...

[18F]sodium fluoride ([18F]NaF) is recognised to be superior to [99mTc]-methyl diphosphate ([99mTc]Tc-MDP) and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) in bone imaging. However, there is concern that [18F]NaF uptake is not cancer-specific, leading to a higher number of false-positive interpretations. Therefore, in this work, [18F]AlF-NOTA-pamidro...

The generation of free radicals in body causes oxidative stress and consequently different metabolic disorders. There are numerous environmental and emotional factors that trigger free radical generation, cigarette smoke (CS) is one of them. In addition to free radical production, it also increases the risk of developing type II diabetes, cancer, a...

Terpenes are a group of natural products made up of molecules with the formula (C5H8)n that are typically found in plants. They are widely employed in the medicinal, flavor, and fragrance industries. The total synthesis of terpenes as well as their origin and biological potential are discussed in this review.

A simple, sensitive, accurate and inexpensive UV-reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of ascorbic acid in tablet formulations. The method was based on the separation of ascorbic acid using a mobile phase of an acetonitrile-NaH2PO4-H3PO4 buffer solution (pH = 3) (5:95 v/v) with a UV detect...

Arjunolic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid saponin majorly found in the Terminalia arjuna and is claimed to exert the cardiovascular protective effects as a phytomedicine. However, it is unclear how AA exerts the effects at the molecular level. Hence, this study used an in vitro model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes to...

The rapid development of resistance by ureolytic bacteria which are involved in various life-threatening conditions such as gastric and duodenal cancer has induced the need to develop a new line of therapy which has anti-urease activity. A series of pyridine carboxamide and carbothioamide derivatives which also have some novel structures were synth...

Microbes such as the White Spot Syndrome Virus account for severe losses in the shrimp farming industry globally. This review examines the literature on the mangrove plants of Asia and the Pacific with antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral activities. All of the available data published on this subject were collected from Google Scholar, PubMed,...

Consumption of high-fat foods can induce the formation of free radicals and trigger oxidative stress. The leave of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) has been reported to be a potent antioxidant in vitro. This study investigates the effect of ethanol extract of purple sweet potato leaves on the endogenous antioxidant activity in hyperlipidemic rats....

Methanol extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaf (MEMCL) has been shown to exert the antiproliferative activity against the HT-29 (human colon adenocarcinoma) cell line. To further investigate on the medicinal potential of this plant, MEMCL was sequentially partitioned to obtain the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and aqueous partitions, which was the...

This study aimed to compare the effects of intensity (I) and duration (D) on the oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde, MDA) and the responses of the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; superoxide dismutase, SOD) among sedentary adults. In a crossover design, 25 sedentary adults performed nine cycling exercise sessio...

Background Inflammation is known to involve in many pathological processes of different diseases, but the current therapy causes adverse effects. Thus, there is a great interest for the discovery of flavonoids as a valuable alternative to classical analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent with dual-inhibitory action, especially on both COX-2 and 5-LOX...

Background: In developing a pharmaceutical product, it is necessary to conduct pre-clinical and clinical trials to ensure its safety and effectiveness. The toxicity test is conducted to assess the safety of a substance to determine its toxic effect of the substance. Objective: This study aims to determine the acute and subchronic toxicity of admini...

Ruthenium complexes are an important class that has multiple catalytic and biological applications. Ruthenium has a remarkably broad and diversified chemical spectrum. In the emerging fields of catalysis, such as homogeneous, heterogeneous, and photo catalysis, ruthenium complexes are being studied. Moreover, Ruthenium complexes can be used in the...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Descurainia sophia (L.)(Brassicaceae), popularly known as “Khaksheer”, is a native species widely distributed in Iran. The seeds and essential oil has been used in local traditional medicine (Persian folk ethnomedicine) to treat fever, inflammation, back pain, and headache. Aim of the study To investigate in vitro an...

Indonesia was the country with the second-highest case of COVID-19 in the South East Asia Region (SEAR) of the World Health Organization (WHO) data until August 1, 2021. As an infectious disease, the high level of COVID-19 rate transmission requires everyone always to prepare a prevention tools kit to minimize the risk of coronavirus exposure. This...

The synthesis of new 6-Bromoquinolin-4-ol derivatives (3a-3h) by Chan-Lam coupling utilizing different types of solvents (protic, aprotic, and mixed solvents) and bases was studied in the present manuscript. Furthermore, their potential against ESBL producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA) were...

Andrographis paniculata is a local medicinal plant that is widely cultivated in Malaysia. It is comprised of numerous bioactive compounds that can be isolated using water, ethanol or methanol. Among these compounds, andrographolide has been found to be the major compound and it exhibits varieties of pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer...

The genus Alocasia (Schott) G. Don consists of 113 species distributed across Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Alocasia plants grow in tropical and subtropical forests with humid lowlands. Featuring their large green heart-shaped or arrow-shaped ear leaves and occasionally red-orange fruit, they are very popular ornamental plants and are widely...

Picrasma javanica Blume is a plant belonging to Simaroubaceae. It is known for its secondary metabolites, namely quassinoids, offering various pharmacological properties including antitumor, antimalarial, and antiviral. The plant is traditionally used as a source medicine for different diseases in Myanmar, Thailand, and Indonesia. Despite the exten...

Quinoline derivatives have been reported to possess multi-therapeutic potential owing to the manifestations of different pharmacological effects. The current research work describes about the design and synthesis of a series of novel benzoquinoline analogues with an objective to evaluate their antiproliferative structure–activity relationship again...

According to the latest report released by the World Health Organization, bacterial resistance to well-known and widely available antibacterial drugs has become a significant and severe global health concern and a grim challenge to tackle in order to cure infections associated with multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms efficiently. Conseque...

Melastoma malabathricum (M. malabathricum) extracts have been reported to exert various pharmacological activities including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. The objective of the present study was to determine the anticarcinogenic activity of its methanol extract (MEMM) against the azoxymethane (AOM)-induced early c...

In the present study, pyrazole-thiophene-based amide derivatives were synthesized by different methodologies. Here, 5-Bromothiophene carboxylic acid (2) was reacted with substituted, unsubstituted, and protected pyrazole to synthesize the amide. It was observed that unsubstituted amide (5-bromo-N-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (7...

New benzimidazole analogues (1–18) were synthesized and characterized through different spectroscopic techniques such as ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HREI-MS. All analogues were screened for β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential. All analogues showed varied degree of inhibitory potentials with IC50 values ranging between 1.10 ± 0.10 to 39.60 ± 0.70 μM when c...

Traditional and complementary medicine (T & CM) has caught the attention of many people nowadays, whereby T & CM is being commonly chosen as an alternative approach in treating various diseases. This is mainly to avoid the unwanted effects of commercial drugs. In line with this, Muntingia calabura, a medicinal plant from the family Muntingiaceae, i...

Pain is an indication of several illnesses and, due to its frequent occurrence, is a public health problem with considerable socioeconomic effects. Pain treatment requires analgesics, but despite their effectiveness, most analgesics are synthetically produced and have been associated with unwanted side effects, including dependence, tolerance, and...

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance: Descurainia sophia (L.) is a herb (endemic-Iranian medicinal plant) that essential oil(EO) as well as its seeds have been used as a foods and ethnomedicinally in the Persian folk medicine to treat pain-related ailments (i.e. toothache, back pain, and headache).ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-nociceptive and...

Background. Hatikana is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat inflammation, urolithiasis, goiter, cancer, wounds and sores, gastrointestinal, tumor, tetanus, arthritis, hepatic damage, neurodegeneration, and other ailments. The goal of this study is to investigate the antidiabetic properties of Hatikana extract (HKEx) and to construct the eff...

The leaves of Neolamarckia cadamba (NC) (Roxb.) Bosser (family: Rubiaceae) are traditionally used to treat breast cancer in Malaysia; however, this traditional claim is yet to be scientifically verified. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the anticancer effect of NC leaves’ ethanol extract against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 cells) using an...

Hyperglycemia is a condition with high glucose levels that may result in dyslipidemia. In severe cases, this alteration may lead to diabetic retinopathy. Numerous drugs have been approved by officials to treat these conditions, but usage of any synthetic drugs in the long term will result in unavoidable side effects such as kidney failure. Therefor...

The purpose of this study was to look into the effects of green coconut mesocarp juice extract (CMJE) on diabetes-related problems in streptozotocin-(STZ-) induced type 2 diabetes, as well as the antioxidative functions of its natural compounds in regulating the associated genes and biochemical markers. CMJE's antioxidative properties were evaluate...

This research investigated a UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-based phytochemical profiling of Combretum indicum leaf extract (CILEx), and explored its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antidiabetic effects in a Long–Evans rat model. After a one-week intervention, the animals’ blood glucose, lipid profile, and pancreatic architectures were evaluated. UPLC-QTOF/ESI-...