Zacharie De Greve

• PhD in Electrical Engineering
• Researcher at University of Mons

Demand-side flexibility from renewable energy community members maximizes the benefits of local production and exchanges. To effectively harness this flexibility, end-users must be rewarded for their efforts regarding the shifted energy volumes and the associated discomfort. In this work, these last two quantities are quantified. Then, a two-step m...

Local energy communities play a pivotal role in facilitating the transition towards a sustainable and environmentally-friendly energy infrastructure. This paper constructs a novel energy sharing mechanism for a centralized energy community. The proposal includes a product differentiation approach to facilitate green, local, and gray electricity dis...

Reducing operating balancing costs is paramount for an affordable transition towards renewable-dominated power systems. In European balancing markets, operating balancing costs are driven by the activation of automatic and manual frequency restoration reserves, respectively aFRR and mFRR. An inadequate combination of both products for resolving gri...

We address electricity consumption scheduling on a day-ahead basis within a community of prosumers that own renewable generation. We establish two market designs that enable coordination between members and where excess production can be valued outside or inside the community. For each, we propose two formulations: centralized schemes where the com...

Renewable Energy Communities have received considerable interest in recent years. Besides the economic, social and environmental benefits for end-users and society, their implementation on the electricity distribution network entails technical impacts which still need to be correctly understood.. In this work, we quantify these impacts on a communi...

We propose two market designs for the optimal day-ahead scheduling of energy exchanges within renewable energy communities. The first one implements a cooperative demand side management scheme inside a community where members objectives are coupled through grid tariffs, whereas the second allows in addition the valuation of excess generation in the...

In this paper, the reliability of cyber-physical energy hubs (CPEHs) is evaluated based on the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. Previous works in the related literature are generally focused on the physical layer of energy hubs (EHs). However, the security of EHs heavily relies on the reliable and safe performance of the cyber system. Therefore...

This paper presents a novel management mechanism for enabling preference-based energy sharing among heterogeneous end-users within a centralized renewable energy community. The proposed hierarchical mechanism involves each end-user performing a day-ahead self-scheduling based on the internal electricity prices, after which the community manager opt...

The power exchanges at the Transmission-Distribution (TD) interfaces have a high implication for both Transmission System Operator (TSO) and Distribution System Operator (DSO). Historically, simple models were sufficient to characterize the behaviour of distribution networks and to predict power flows at T-D interfaces. With the growing share of di...

The increasing share of renewables in the electricity generation mix comes along with an increasing uncertainty in power supply. In the recent years, distributionally robust optimization has gained significant interest due to its ability to make informed decisions under uncertainty, which are robust to misrepresentations of the distributional infor...

This paper addresses the problem of forecasting, over a daily horizon, quarter hourly profiles of residential photovoltaic (PV) power production for sites with no historical data available. Typically, such forecasts are required for improving the local operation of low-voltage systems, where observability is still a practical challenge. In this con...

By sharing common assets such as the power grid, prosumers are closely interrelated by their actions and interests. Game theory provides powerful tools for increased coordination among the prosumers to optimize the energy resources. However, depending on the prosumer profiles and the market rules, the individual bills may notably differ and prove t...

In this work, we analyze the sensitivity of the RL parameters of wound inductors extracted using the Finite Element (FE) method with respect to geometric and material uncertainties, from low to medium frequencies (DC to 1 MHz). To that end, we compute the Sobol indices associated to a Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE) of the uncertain FE model.

To represent the cross-border exchange capacities defined by the flow-based approach in the European resource adequacy assessments, transmission system operators currently employ a data-driven methodology that consists of sequential clustering and correlation steps. This methodology entails assumptions and simplifications within both clustering and...

Real-time electricity prices are economic signals incentivizing market players to support real-time system balancing. These price signals typically switch between low- and high-price regimes depending on whether the power system is in surplus or shortage of generation, which is hard to capture. In this context, we propose a new Transformer-based mo...

Electricity markets around the world are opening up to a greater contribution from wind power producers (WPPs). In this regard, WPPs are incentivised to participate in both energy and reserve market floors while being responsible for real-time deviations from their submitted bids. Therefore, despite uncertainties in wind speed and system frequency,...

This paper addresses the problem of forecasting, over a daily horizon, quarter hourly profiles of residential pho-tovoltaic (PV) power production for sites with no historical data available. Typically, such forecasts are required for improving the local operation of low-voltage systems, where observability is still a practical challenge. In this co...

The increasing share of gas-fired power plants in the electricity generation mix has tightened the existing link between power and gas systems. This may bring technical and economical risks, e.g., congestions and peak prices, which mainly stem from the non-coordinated operation of both systems and the failure to properly anticipate the multivariate...

The current wind farm control schemes qualify wind power producers (WPPs) to provide balancing services in complement to energy in modern electricity markets. Accordingly, WPPs are responsible for real-time deviations in both energy and reserve market floors, which are settled at different time scales. WPPs should adjust their output to cope with f...

Smart city planning has become a popular concept in a time of increasing urbanization and its accompanying challenges, particularly in the face of climate change. Critiques say it is too generic to prove more useful beyond utilization as a buzzword in political discourse. Smart planning requires a cross-disciplinary and adaptable effort that combin...

To represent the cross-border exchange capacities defined by the flow-based approach in the European resource adequacy assessments, transmission system operators currently employ a data-driven methodology that consists of sequential clustering and correlation steps. This methodology entails assumptions and simplifications within both clustering and...

In the context of transition towards sustainable, cost-efficient and reliable energy systems, the improvement of current energy and reserve dispatch models is crucial to properly cope with the uncertainty of weather-dependent renewable power generation. In contrast to traditional approaches, distributionally robust optimization offers a risk-aware...

State-of-the-art trading strategies in short-term electricity markets employ risk awareness for reducing, inter alia, their exposure to the volatility of electricity prices. To ensure an optimal balance between risk and profit, risk-aversion parameters are traditionally fine-tuned via an offline out-of-sample analysis. Such a computationally-intens...

In this thesis, we are interested in the modeling and propagation of geometric (related to the positions of conductors in the winding window) and material uncertainties (related to the material properties of ferrite core and insulation of conductors) in the extraction of RLC parameters of medium-frequency wound inductors using finite element method...

The optimal coordination of maintenances is becoming increasingly important to guarantee the security of supply in renewable-dominated power systems. However, current planning tools are plagued with tractability issues arising from the need to comply with operational security standards. The grid must indeed safely accommodate any unexpected conting...

The resource adequacy of the interconnected Central Western Europe (CWE) electricity system is assessed considering the cross-border exchange capacities defined through the Flow-Based (FB) domains. Integration of FB domains into adequacy assessments poses several challenges since the FB domains depend on factors which are not known over the horizon...

Passive balancing refers to the intentional deviations of market actors from their position in energy markets to support the real-time system balancing. Such a service is typically incentivized in a single imbalance pricing mechanism, where all imbalances are settled at a unique price. In this context, this paper presents a novel distributionally r...

The growing share of distributed energy resources is leading to deep changes in the electricity landscape. In this context, this work investigates how, in the context of renewable energy communities, a collaborative framework can positively impact global electricity costs. In that way, a tool has been developed with the aim of optimally taking into...

This paper goes beyond the current state of the art related to Wasserstein distributionally robust optimal power flow problems, by adding dependence structure (correlation) and support information. In view of the space-time dependencies pertaining to the stochastic renewable power generation uncertainty , we apply a moment-metric-based distribution...

This paper presents a new spatio-temporal framework for the day-ahead probabilistic forecasting of Distribution Locational Marginal Prices (DLMPs). The approach relies on a recurrent neural network, whose architecture is enriched by introducing a deep bidirectional variant designed to capture the complex time dynamics in multi-step forecasts. In or...

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are characterized by variability in disease presentation and severity but studying it is a challenging task. Defining the limits of a healthy immune system is therefore a prior step to capture variability in disease conditions. The goal of this study is to characterize the global immune cell composition along w...

The increasing share of renewables in the electrical energy generation mix comes along with an increasing uncertainty in power supply. In the recent years, distributionally robust optimization has gained significant interest due to its ability to make informed decisions under uncertainty, which are robust to misrepresentations of the distributional...

In light of the latest technological achievements in wind farm control, wind power producers (WPPs) are motivated to participate in the joint day-ahead energy and reserve market (JERM) so as to obtain additional revenue by offering ancillary services. However, their expected profit is potentially affected by fast fluctuations of the available win...

This paper is focused on the day-ahead prediction of the onshore wind generation. This information is indeed published each day, ahead of the market clearing, by European Transmission System Operators (TSOs) to help market actors in their scheduling strategy. In that regard, our first objective is to improve the forecast performance by efficiently...

Energy storage systems (ESS) may provide the required flexibility to cost-effectively integrate weather-dependent renewable generation, in particular by offering operating reserves. However, since the real-time deployment of these services is uncertain, ensuring their availability requires merchant ESS to fully reserve the associated energy capacit...

The current evolutions in electricity market policies combined with the technical progress in wind farm control encourage Wind Power Producers (WPPs) to participate in the joint day-ahead energy and reserve market (JERM). In this paper, an advanced bidding strategy dedicated to optimal dispatch of the WPP in the JERM is proposed. The suggested stra...

This paper presents an original collaborative framework for power exchanges inside a low voltage community. The community seeks to minimize its total costs by scheduling on a daily basis the resources of its members. In this respect, their flexibility such as excess storage capacity, unused local generation or shiftable load are exploited. Total co...

In this work, fast stochastic surrogate models are derived for extracting RL parameters of wound inductors using the Finite Element method. To this end, the Representative Volume Element (RVE) technique is employed to convert the geometrical uncertainties (e.g. due to conductor positions in the winding window) into material uncertainties (complex p...

Renewable Energy Communities consist in an emerging decentralized market mechanism which allows local energy exchanges between end-users, bypassing the traditional wholesale/retail market structure. In that configuration, local consumers and prosumers gather in communities and can either cooperate or compete towards a common objective, such as the...

This paper investigates the techno‐economic feasibility of the innovative concept of gravity energy storage, where heavy weights are raised and lowered in a water environment. Such eco‐friendly systems can be implemented in existing flooded pits or quarries, by leveraging the important depth of these cavities. Moreover, in addition to their long li...

This paper addresses the voltage control problem in medium-voltage distribution networks. The objective is to cost-efficiently maintain the voltage profile within a safe range, in presence of uncertainties in both the future working conditions, as well as the physical parameters of the system. Indeed, the voltage profile depends not only on the flu...

In this work, we propose and compare two techniques for the modeling of geometrical uncertainties linked to the positions of conductors in the winding window area of wound inductors in the context of a 2D Finite Element modeling procedure. These algorithms have been developed to tend towards more realistic winding patterns and were inspired by the...

Abandoned underground quarries or mines may be rehabilitated as natural reservoirs for underground pumped-hydro energy storage (UPHES). In addition to the inherent modeling inaccuracies of traditional PHES that arise from, e.g., approximating the nonlinear pump/turbine head-dependent performance curves, the optimal operation of these underground pl...

The single imbalance pricing is an emerging mechanism in European electricity markets where all positive and negative imbalances are settled at a unique price. This real-time scheme thereby stimulates market participants to deviate from their schedule to restore the power system balance. However, exploiting this market opportunity is very risky due...

In this paper, a method resorting to active rectification for the optimal control of a bidirectionnal resonant wireless power transfer system is proposed. Benefiting from a dual active bridge topology and without requiring any additional DC-DC converter, the real and the imaginary parts of the equivalent load impedance are modulated simultaneously...

As a result of the increased penetration of stochastic renewable generation, power systems have a growing need of flexibility for compensating real‐time mismatches between production and consumption of electricity. This flexibility can be efficiently provided by underground pumped hydro energy storage (UPHES), a new solution where end‐of‐life quarr...

A major restructuring of electricity markets takes place worldwide, pursuing maximum economic efficiency. In most modern electricity markets, including the widely adapted Locational Marginal Price (LMP) market, efficiency is only guaranteed under the assumption of perfect competition. Moreover , market design is heavily focused on deterministic con...

In the current competition framework governing the electricity sector, complex dependencies exist between electrical and market data, which complicates the decision-making procedure of energy actors. These must indeed operate within a complex, uncertain environment, and consequently need to rely on accurate multivariate, multi-step ahead probabilis...

This work presents a cooperative demand-side management (DSM) scenario in a low-voltage network considering a context of liberalised electricity markets. The authors show that introducing an additional inter-supplier cooperation mechanism among consumers enhances a better use of the flexibility consented by each individual, hence aiming at reaching...

In this work, we highlight the influence of the material uncertainties (magnetic permeability, electric conductivity of a Mn-Zn ferrite core, and electric permittivity of wire insulation) on the RLC parameters of a wound inductor extracted from the finite element method. To that end, the finite element method is embedded in a Monte Carlo simulation...

In this paper, we propose an optimal dispatch scheme for a cascade hydroelectric power system that maximises the head levels of each dam, and minimises the spillage effects taking into account uncertainty in the net load variations, i.e., the difference between the load and the renewable resources, and inflows to the cascade. By maximising the head...

In this paper, a tool for the long-term planning, i.e. up to 20 years, of Industrial MicroGrids (IMGs) connected to the Distribution Network (DN) and made of industrial consumers, prosumers and of the DSO, is proposed. The DSO assumes here the new role of MicroGrid Energy Manager (MGEM). In order to realize the proper choice of long-term investment...

In the current context of profound changes in the planning and operations of electrical systems, many Distribution System Operators (DSOs) are deploying Smart Meters at a large scale. The latter should participate in the effort of making the grid smarter through active management strategies such as storage or demand response. These considerations i...

This paper presents a decision-making tool tailored for a portfolio manager aiming at maximizing its profit by participating in both energy and balancing services markets. The proposed formulation is modular and flexible so as to comply with any portfolio configuration and to follow evolutions of the market regulation policy. Detailed formulations...

A light 3D finite element magnetodynamic a-v model of resonant wireless power transfer (WPT) coils using 3D surface impedance boundary condition (SIBC) strongly coupled with an external circuit is proposed, reflecting the importance of external circuit elements (notably capacitances) in the resonance phenomena at circuit and field levels. The compu...

Following a call to foster a transparent and more competitive market, member states of the European transmission system operator are required to publish, among other information , aggregate wind power forecasts. The publication of the latter information is expected to benefit market participants by offering better knowledge of the market operation,...

In this work, we highlight the influence of geometrical uncertainties (winding pattern and wire diameter) on the RLC parameters of wound magnetic components. To that end, the finite element method is embedded in a Monte Carlo simulation in order to compute probability distributions of the parameters. An algorithm to randomly generate realistic wind...

In this work, we highlight the influence of geometrical uncertainties (winding pattern and wire diameter) on the RLC parameters of wound magnetic components. To that end, the finite element method is embedded in a Monte Carlo simulation in order to compute probability distributions of the parameters. An algorithm to randomly generate realistic wind...

In an electricity market with high share of wind power, it is expected that wind power producers may exercise market power. However, wind producers have to cope with wind's uncertain nature in order to optimally offer their generation, whereas in a market with more than one wind producers, uncertainty of rival wind power generation should also be c...

Finite element subproblems are employed to provide full-wave corrections of quasi-static models of high frequency wound inductors. A particular attention is paid on the correction of the global voltage-current equation. The error made by the classical assumption which consists in decoupling the electric and magnetic fields is therefore accurately q...

In this work, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) is employed for the multiobjective optimal design of Resonant Inductive Power Transfer (RIPT) devices. A thorough review of the literature has been performed in order to propose accurate analytical formulae for computing the lumped parameters of the system equivalent circuit. A partic...

In an electricity pool with significant share of wind power, all generators including conventional and wind power units are generally scheduled in a day-ahead market based on wind power forecasts. Then, a real-time market is cleared given the updated wind power forecast and fixed day-ahead decisions to adjust power imbalances. This sequential marke...

In LV systems, Probabilistic Load Flow techniques have been developed in order to accurately assess the uncertainty associated to fluctuating PV generation and are based on the use of pseudo-sequential Monte Carlo simulations. Those probabilistic tools are practically developed on the direct basis of the data provided by smart meters or on irradian...

In the current context of profound changes in the planning and operations of electrical systems, many Distribution System Operators (DSOs) are deploying Smart Meters at a large scale. The latter should participate in the effort of making the grid smarter through active management strategies such as storage or demand response. These considerations i...

This chapter presents two probabilistic planning tools developed for the long-term analy‐ sis of distribution networks. The first one focuses on the low-voltage (LV) level and the second one addresses the issues occurring in the medium-voltage (MV) grid. Both tools use Monte Carlo algorithms in order to simulate the distribution network, taking int...

This paper deals with the context and objectives of the long-term planning of industrial microgrids. A first flowchart for the development of a tool helping to the setting up of industrial microgrids is presented. The imagined methodology allows to take into account the different (possibly conflicting) objectives of the microgrid stakeholders, by s...

In order to help system (transmission and/or distribution) operators to account for the stochastic nature of wind during the grid planning phase, univariate AutoRegressive Moving Average (ARMA) time series models for the long term modeling of wind speed are generally considered. Practically, different geographical correlation levels are observed in...

This paper highlights a modeling approach of photovoltaic (PV) panels based on a single diode model and their conversion unit (buck-boost converter, DC/AC converter and LCL filter) in order to study the impact of their input impedance on the powerline channel transfer function in the frame of the study of Power Line Communication (PLC) technology p...

Long-term investments planning of distribution networks are no longer limited to investments in electrical equipment, but can also include investments in information and communication technology (ICT) required to enable both load and generation flexibility. New factors such as flexible loads, distributed generation etc. should be taken into account...