Z. Saad

Lebanese University · Faculty of Science

Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) is a possible alternative to high-nutritional-value crops. Amaranth seeds are considered to be one of the few sources of phytosqualene (up to 8%). The use of squalene and its hydrogenated form squalane in skincare formulations has been steadily increasing, and the demand for these compounds is expected to rise continu...

A new biorefinery approach has been developed in the present study, and applied on cumin (Cuminum cyminum) seeds as a potential source of phytochemicals of interest. Cumin is a popular spice used widely for its distinctive aroma. It is a rich reserve of both vegetable and essential oils. The biorefinery approach here focused on the evaluation of th...

The efficiency of as synthesized mesoporous carbon CMK-3 in removing heavy metals from the water was studied. The carbon was nanocasted from SBA-15 silica as a mold. The carbon obtained was characterized by nitrogen sorption technique, X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CMK-3 material was use...

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of wheat bread fortification with varied levels (2%, 4%, and 6%) of chia seed powder (full fat) and cakes (defatted, residue after oil extraction). Chia flour was added to whole wheat bread rich in vital wheat gluten for the first time. The breadcrumbs were assessed for their antioxida...

The heavy metals removal efficiency of synthetic NaX zeolite has been studied. The sorbent was fully characterized by nitrogen sorption, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy. The batch sorption tests were performed taking into consideration several factors such as m/V ratio, contact time, pH and initial metal ions concentration...

Abstract Malnutrition continues to be a key health problem in developing regions. The valorization of food waste appears as an ideal way to prevent malnutrition and improve people’s access to food. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and caraway (Carum carvi L.) oilseeds are commonly used for cuisine and medicinal purposes. However, remaining cakes after oi...

This study investigated the effect of protein bread fortification with 2, 4 and 6% of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and caraway (Carum carvi) whole seeds and by-products flour, respectively. Fortified protein bread samples were compared to control protein bread and evaluated for their sensory, color, moisture, hardness properties as well as their nutriti...

The implementation of renewable resources in the industrial production processes appears to be the most ef- fective way to achieve sustainable development. However, in order to tackle the key issues of shifting to re- newable resources, a full exploitation of biomass resources and efficient utilization of complex organic macro- molecules and also o...

Plants from Apiaceae family are commonly used for food, flavoring, fragrance and medical purposes; they are also known to be used as a household remedies since antiquity. Recently, many experimental and biological investigations have been carried out in order to validate the ethno-medicinal claims of plants belonging to this family. Moreover, redis...

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) is an aromatic plant belonging to Apiaceae family widely cultivated elsewhere for its strongly flavoured leaves and seeds. Fennel seeds are of particular interest as a rich source of both vegetable and essential oils with high amounts of valuable components. However, residual cakes after oil extraction were typically...

Plants from Apiaceae family are commonly used for food, flavoring, fragrance and medical purposes; they are also known to be used as a household remedies since antiquity. Recently, many experimental and biological investigations have been carried out in order to validate the ethno-medicinal claims of plants belonging to this family. Moreover, redis...

The preparation of a tetranuclear Ni(II) complex, made of two binuclear species bridged by a nitrate anion, using a macrocyclic cryptand like ligand is reported. The metal ions within the binuclear species are hexacoordinate with different distorted environments. One nickel site, Ni1, has as a compressed octahedral geometry, while the other nickel...

The preparation of a binuclear Ni(II) complex with a pentacoordinate environment using a cryptand organic ligand and the imidazolate bridge is reported. The coordination sphere is close to trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) for one Ni(II) and to square pyramidal (spy) for the other. The use of the imidazolate bridge that undergoes π-π stacking with two ben...

Water scarcity and increasing water demand require the development of water management plans such as establishing artificial lakes and dams. Plans to meet water needs are faced by uprising challenges to improve water quality and to ensure the sustainability of hydro-projects. Environmental isotopes coupled to water physicochemical characteristics w...

The preparations of related mononuclear and binuclear Co(II) complexes with a quasi-identical local C3v symmetry using a cryptand organic ligand are reported. The mononuclear complex behaves as a single molecule magnet (SMM). A relatively weak antiferromagnetic exchange coupling (J) of the same order of magnitude as the local magnetic anisotropy (D...

Alternate watermilfoil, Myriophyllum alterniflorum is an aquatic macrophyte found in the Limousin rivers (France) whose potential for biomonitoring of metal pollution has been demonstrated. The objective of the present study carried out in vitro was to identify biomarkers for an early detection of the pollution by a metalloid As (V) in eutrophic an...

Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) is widely investigated in water treatment processes; the removal of contaminants may take place at the surface of ZVI or at the surface of its oxidation byproducts that have flaked off into the bulk solution. In this work, iron byproducts were synthetized under different aeration conditions (4 or 8 mg O2 per L) and aging time...

This study delineates the physical, chemical, and biological effects resulting from anthropogenic and endogenic activities in a sensitive dammed reservoir situated in a semi-arid region. The reservoir is characterized by two major flow regimes: a wet fill hydrologic regime and a dry spill one. A seasonal sampling campaign was carried out over a per...

The removal of heavy metals from contaminated water was investigated using three types of ordered mesoporous silica (KIT-6, SBA-15 and SBA-16). The materials were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxy-silane and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via two steps post grafting methods. Then the modified adsorbents were characterized by X-ray...

The present study was carried out to characterize the bioactive constituents present in hexane and dichloromethane extracts of whole plant of Urtica dioica using GC-MS analysis. The chemical compositions of these extracts was investigated after 2 steps of purification (silica gel-column chromatography and thin layer chromatography ) using Perkin...

Plants are widely used by people in traditional and modern medicine all over the world. In fact, all of their remedies can be used safely and without the side effects of drugs. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants has revealed that numerous bioactive compounds in plants traditionally used for medicinal purposes have many therapeutically prope...

Plants are widely used by people in traditional and modern medicine all over the world. In fact, all of their remedies can be used safely and without the side effects of drugs. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants has revealed that numerous bioactive compounds in plants traditionally used for medicinal purposes have many therapeutically prope...

Based on nickel hexacyanidochromate and cobalt hexacyanidoferrate Prussian blue analogues, two series of photomagnetic/ferromagnetic sub-50 nm core multishell coordination nanoparticles have been synthesized in a surfactant-free one-pot multistep procedure with good control over the dispersity (10% standard deviation) and good agreement with the ta...

One of the most important sources of solid waste in the Mediterranean Basin ecosystem originated from the phosphate fertilizer industries, which discharge phosphogypsum (PG) directly into aquatic environments or are stacked on stockpiles. The present study investigates metal release from PG under the influence of variable pH, increasing PG mass con...

Distribution of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn concentrations and the activity of polonium-210 in the surrounding area of a phosphate fertilizer industry located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea has been determined. Nineteen sampling sites were distributed around the industrial zone on a surface area of about 100,000 m2. Atomic absorption spec...

Des echantillons d'eaux de pluie de 15 stations du Liban ont ete collectes durant la periode d'octobre 1999 a avril 2000 (saisons de pluie au Liban). Neuf stations se trouvant a differentes altitudes de 400m a 1200m sont distribuees dans les regions rurales. Les concentrations des cations majeurs (H + Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ et NH 4 + ) et des anions...

Hydrogeochemical and isotopic investigations have been carried out in a small basin in the Bekaa plain in Lebanon, to determine the exchange between Qaraoun Lake and the surrounding groundwater. Qaraoun lake is a warm monomictic lake. The poor vertical mixing of the lake is due to the temperature-induced seasonal stratification. There are few groun...

4- Chemical and environmental isotope investigation on hydrodynamics of amonomitic lake: a case study on Qaraoun dam, Lebanon. 2009. Z. Saad, V. Kazpard, A. El Samrani, M. Aoun, N. Amacha, M. Saadeh, Journal of Environmental Hydrology ,vol 17 (35)

Rainwater chemistry and isotopic parameters were studied over a four year period at representative coastal and highland sites in Lebanon. Major inorganic ion composition showed that calcium and sulfate in rainwater had a crustal origin, while potassium, sodium and chlorine had a marine sea spray origin. All rain samples had an average pH varying be...

Geochemical and isotopic techniques are applied to evaluate the origin of submarine freshwater along the southern coast of Lebanon and to compare it with the northern coast. Results indicate that submarine springs in the southern and northern coasts have different geochemistries reflecting a difference in the specific geology of the regions. Enviro...

Cette étude est basée sur l'application de diverses méthodes biologiques permettant de déterminer la qualité des eaux du Nahr el Jaouz. Il s'agit d'indices de diversité et de similitude, des deux indices biotique IB et biologique normalisé IBGN. et de l'indice diatomique ID. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de distinguer : i) un tronçon depuis la s...

The chemical and isotopic composition of water discharging from springs, surface and groundwater in the Litani river basin were studied. The data include field measurements of specific conductance, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) and laboratory measurements of major element chemistry, stable 2H/1H and 18O/16O isotope ratios (d2H and d18O) of water...

In this work, a comparative study is conducted on sewage as an example of a natural water system and on an engineered colloidal model. The two water systems were treated by coagulation-flocculation with ferric chloride. Affinity of phosphate and sulfate used as complexing ligands to coagulant species was studied within the two systems. Aggregation...

In this study, colloidal silica model was aggregated by ferric chloride in presence of increased phosphate concentrations. Coagulation flocculation was realized by using a mixing reactor of 1L. Destabilization mechanisms were studied by coupling the jar-test experiments with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy analysis, Zeta Potential, transmission Elec...

The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of nutrients in soil and tobacco samples from different agricultural regions. We studied the influence of soil type on tobacco quality and the transfer and accumulation of trace metals in tobacco leaves. The results showed that human activities in the Nabatiyeh region had a more pronounced e...

Résumé L'Oronte est une rivière internationale située dans une région semi-aride qui prend ses sources au Liban, traverse le territoire syrien, et se jette dans le golfe d'Antioche en Turquie. Une étude hydrobiologique a été menée durant les années 2001-2002 en vue d'estimer la qualité des eaux qui semble varier au niveau du cours de la rivière. En...

Rainwater samples were collected from six stations at coastal and highland regions in Lebanon and analyzed for the major species Ca 2+, K +, Na +, Mg 2+, NO 3, NH 4+, pH, Cl -, and SO 42-. Absolute concentrations and element-to-sodium ratios show clear variations with higher levels found in coastal stations and lower levels found in continental sit...

The karstic aquifer system and the submarine springs on the Lebanese coast have been studied using chemical and isotopic methods to determine the sources for coastal and submarine springs. Chemical analysis shows that most submarine springs are derived from a Cenomanian-Turonian aquifer with a large influence of the bedrock type including calcite a...

The Orontes River is an international river, with its headwaters in Lebanon, its middle section in Syria and its mouth in Turkey. Fresh surface waters were sampled monthly during the year 2000 and analysed for major ions and for trace metals. Sea-salt aerosols in rainwater partially influence the major ion composition in the river. The concentratio...

Fresh surface waters from Ibrahim river were sampled monthly during year 2001 and analyzed for major ions and trace elements. The anionic concentrations of major cation and anions fall within the range of the most common natural major ion assemblages established for worlds river, with a cation and anion dominance order of Ca2+≫Mg2+>Na +>K+ and HCO3...

Des echantillons d'eau ont ete collectes dans 35 sources distribuees sur tout le territoire libanais. Les concentrations des metaux tels que: K, Na, Cu, Mg, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr et Zn ont ete determinees par spectrometre d'absorption atomique. Parallelement a ces analyses, les sediments de 17 sources ont ete aussi analyses periodiquement. Les con...

The mechanism of formation of Li+ and Cd2+ catenates involves two kinetically observable steps; the slower one consits of two processes and has a negative activation enthalpy, supporting a preequilibrium between two complexed species in the mononuclear rearrangement leading to the catenate structure.

VIS spectra of (I) in the presence of (II) indicate the formation of a loose 1:1 complex.

By means of visible absorption spectrometry, we have demonstrated that, in acidic aqueous solutions, chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid) gives a loose 1:1 complex with the flavylium cation of malvin (malvidin 3,5-diglucoside) chloride. The molecular interaction taking place between these two chemical species is characteristic of the copigmen...

Complexation kinetic studies of various metal cations by a catenand have been performed. For comparison, the properties of some related open chain or monocyclic ligands have also been examined. Copper(I) and silver(I) catenate formation obeys a classical second-order rate law. The same is true for the model ligands examined, m-30 and dap. For Cu(da...

Owing to its topography, the catenand (3) forms highly inert copper(I) or proton catenates; the dissociation rate law indicates that, in contrast with complexes of (2), no important geometrical change takes place during decomplexation.

Die kinetischen Eigenschaften von Cum-Komplexen (II) cyclischer Liganden, die l,l0-Phenanthrolin-Einheiten enthalten, werden untersucht und mit denen der Chelatkomplexe (I) verglichen.

Copper(I) complexes of chelates and cyclic ligands containing 1,10-phenanthroline coordinating units have been prepared. Kinetic studies have been carried out in order to gain insight into the particular properties of the recently synthesized catenates. In the presence of the decomplexing agent CN-, two dissociation mechanisms are involved: a bimol...