Yubak Dhoj Gc

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations | FAO · Plant Production and Protection

Islands offer exclusive prisms for an experimental investigation of biodiversity x ecosystem function interplay. Given that species in upper trophic layers, e.g., arthropod predators, experience a comparative disadvantage on small, isolated islands, such settings can help to clarify how predation features within biotic resistance equations. Here, w...

Diversification measures are widely recognized for their potential to enhance the resilience of agri-food production systems under global change. Nitrogen-fixing legumes commonly feature in diversification schemes, where they exert positive impacts on soil structure, nutrient retention, carbon sequestration or fertilizer reduction. Though legumes a...

Despite public and private extension services and advice of input suppliers (agro vets) for plant protection, crop health problems have remained a major constraint for farmers to achieve potential crop yield in developing countries including Nepal. These agencies provide services based on farmers’ verbal sharing of symptoms of sick plants. This pra...

Despite public and private extension services and advice of input suppliers (agro vets) for plant protection, crop health problems have remained a major constraint for farmers to achieve potential crop yield in developing countries including Nepal. These agencies provide services based on farmers' verbal sharing of symptoms of sick plants. This pra...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major food crop for around 60% of the global population. The production of rice has been challenged by various biotic and abiotic factors. Temperature and soil moisture are the major abiotic and weeds are the major biotic factors for yield loss. The present experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of temperatur...

For centuries, islands and mountains have incited the interest of naturalists, evolutionary biologists and ecologists. Islands have been the cradle for biogeography and speciation theories, while mountain ranges have informed how population adaptation to thermal floors shapes the distribution of species globally. Islands of varying size and mountai...

Pests and pathogens inflict considerable losses in global agri-food production and regularly trigger the (indiscriminate) use of synthetic pesticides. In the Asia-Pacific, endemic and invasive organisms compromise crop yields, degrade farm profitability and cause undesirable social-environmental impacts. In this study, we systematically assess the...

Pesticide-centred crop protection is highly carbon-intensive, with product synthesis, distribution and field application generating up to 136.6 MtCO2 equivalent per year. Carbon financing offers an opportunity to bring more natural and sustainable alternatives to scale.

Synthetic pesticides are core features of input-intensive agriculture and act as major pollutants driving environmental change. Agroecological science has unveiled the benefits of biodiversity for pest control, but research implementation at the farm-level is still difficult. Here we address this implementation gap by using a biblio-metric approach...

Fall Armyworm (FAW) (Spodopterfrugiperda), a native to Americas, is a devastating insect of especially maize and rice. For the first time, it was reported in Nepal in May, 2018 in Nawalparasi District. Since then it has spread and established in other provinces in other crops. As first and foremost step, farmers are using synthetic pesticide to con...

Plant clinics in Nepal has been started in 2008 and has coverage in more than 40 districts of Nepal. A study has been conducted in Chitwan district of Nepal to assess the changes on farmer’s knowledge attitude and practice due to implementation of plant clinics. Total of 175 clinic attendants and 175 non-attendants were selected by simple random sa...

Fall Armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous insect with cosmopolitan in distribution. The rapid invasion of the pest in Africa and Asia has caused devastating damage in crops resulting in a serious threat to global food security. The incidence of FAW in India has created a serious concern as it encircled Nepal within its potential...

World-wide, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been considered one of the eco-friendly and powerful tools to manage crop pests. In Nepal, it has been adopted for more than two decades with its highest success in various crops. As dissemination and up-scaling tools to this approach, Farmers Field School (FFS) is being launched in numerous farming...

The maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) is an important pest of maize in storage in term of losses caused in food quality and quantity in Nepal. Attempt made to review bionomics and management practices of this pest gleaning published literatures/papers on national and international journals, proceedings, reports,...

Beekeeping is one of the promising enterprises for economically poor farmers in Nepal but beekeeping farmers lack flora calendar for pollination, bee foraging, and honey production. Therefore, a study was conducted visiting farmers’ fields every 15-20 days during 2012-2013 to monitor the common plant species visited by bees, which were considered a...

Vegetable farming has become a profitable business in terai, mid-hills and other subtropical belts of Nepal. Lele, VDC of Lalitpur district and Kushadevi, VDC of kavre district are one of the commercial vegetable pockets in the Bagmati zone of central Nepal. A study was carried out from July to December, 2017 in order to collect the information reg...

p>Crop pollination is crucial for increasing yield, ensuring food security and improving livelihoods. To quantify the response of pollinators on rapeseed, an experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) at three agro-ecological sites: Semi-natural (Megauli), organic (Fulbari) and intensive agriculture (Jutpani) Village Develo...

p>Although Ginger is the main cash crop for small farmers across the country, the economic condition is not satisfactory which can be attributed to high cost of product and low productivity. The study was conducted in four ginger growing areas of Palpa, Nepal in 2012, focusing on cost factors of various inputs. The study revealed that ginger produc...

An experiment was conducted under farmers‟ field conditions at Salija (2050 meters above sea level), Parbat in 2014 to identify economic pests of potato -based agro - ecosystem, assess the damage level of both red ant and white grubs and to screen the pipeline potato genotypes against the pests. The experiment was laid out under randomized complete...

p>Historically agriculture has been the major -culture to the majority of the Nepalese people, however, in recent days, the trend is gradually shifting towards other sectors like business and services. The dependency on agriculture both on direct and indirect has been declining from 90% to 65%, indicating towards its specialization, commercializati...

Nepal became a part of FAO's Community Integrated Pest Management Program (CIPM) in Asia after the outbreak of Brown Plant Hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) in 1997 in central Nepal. Farmer's Field School (FFS) was the tool to spread location specific IPM technology there. After lunching three projects supported by FAO, Norway, Nepal Government and...

p>Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the virulence of an indigenous and a commercial strain of the entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhiziuma nisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin in three different preparations against third instars larva of Chiloloba acuta.Conidia of the indigenous strain were multiplied on barley grain, ("Ind-G") while the commercial...

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the level of effects by different concentrations of indigenous entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin spores by dipping the non-target organisms, the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. in the fungus suspension at laboratory condition in Rampur, Chiwan, Nepal. The selected most virul...

A study was carried out to explore the present status of pesticides use and its handling practices on commercially grown vegetable pockets area of five districts namely; Tanahu, Chitwan, Kavre, Dhading and Bhaktapur of Nepal. Farmers were found to be using 24 types of pesticides in vegetables. The majority of used pesticides were moderately hazardo...

A survey was conducted to study the abundance and distribution of white grubs in three districts representing different ecological domines in the country during June-July 2010. Two light traps were installed for two nights in two locations each of Makawanpur, Tanahu and Chitwan districts, and a season long light trap was installed at Mangalpur of C...

This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of local natural products against the beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), in stored chickpea Cicer arietinum L. (Fabaceae) in Chitwan, Nepal. Five natural products and one synthetic pesticide (Malathion) and two storage regimes (aluminum sheet bin vs. jute bags with plastic...

This study evaluated the efficacy of using the urine of four animals (cow, buffalo, goat, sheep), a urine-mix (cow urine and plant leaves) and Borerguard, a commercial entomopathogenic product containing Beuveria bassiana and NPV, against the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella under field conditions in Nepal. The urine of these animals con...

An experiment on organic management of late blight was conducted on IAAS research farm, Rampur,Chitwan during December 2008 to April 2009. The experiment was carried out with the objectives of finding some alternative methods of managing late blight of potato by testing efficiency of five treatments i.e. Neem based organic solution, fresh cattle ur...

1 Studies on chafer assemblages were conducted on two farmland sites in the Terai lowland of Nepal (200 m above sea level) using light traps. During the course of a 2‐year field monitoring program, a total of 4503 specimens was captured and an unexpectedly high number of syntopically co‐occurring species was found: 52 from Gunganagar (GN) and 36 fr...

Nepalese economy is largely dependent on agriculture. Over the time, there has been gradual transformation in the agricultural production system and the hitherto dominant chemical based agricultural system has been gradually changing with the latest aspects of bio-rational approaches. Emphasis towards these aspects has been seen both in the governm...

A host preference experiment was carried out at the Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan in 2008 to estimate the comparative storage losses in different host crops due to rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. under both free, and no-choice conditions. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with five...

The first part of this study was done to find out the problems of cucurbit cultivation, whereas field experiment was carried out to identify the appropriate management practice of cucurbit fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae Coq.) in Lamjung district. The survey (n=40) was done using purposive random sampling technique during 2007, while the second pa...

A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two most virulent native isolates of insect pathogenic fungi (Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana) and compared with four commercial biopesticides against Chickpea pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) at Chitwan, Nepal. The number of H. armigera lavae observed in plots treated wit...

The native isolates of entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, were evaluated against the third instar larvae of the chickpea pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera, for mortality, infection rate and LT50 under laboratory conditions in Nepal. Out of four isolates of M. anisopliae and two isolates of B. bassiana evaluated, M....

Entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were isolated from soils and white grubs cadavers from farmlands in Nepal. In the mortality studies, 8 isolates infected more than 80% of the grubs, another 65 isolates infected more than 50% of the grubs and the rest of the isolates had a low level of pathogenicity with 107 conid...

White grubs are increasingly important pests of cereal and cash crops in Nepal. The situation is further aggravated for their management due to their high level resistance to insecticides, as an alternative method of management. To overcome this problem, an insect pathogenic fungal- based antagonists are coming out. Series of activities were conduc...

Vegetable farming has become a profitable business in road accessible areas of terai, mid-hills and other subtropical belts of Nepal. Sukranagar VDC of Chitwan is one of the commercial vegetable pockets under subtropical climate; located 27.54 km away from the district headquarter. A study was carried out during 2005 through household survey method...

Four different modified storage structures such as bamboo mat with mud plastering, jute bag with inner plastic lining, metal bins and kuniyu (control treatment) were evaluated for their suitability for maize seed storage for eleventh months in 2001 at Rising Patan (450 m asl) and Budhakot (911 m asl) of western Nepal. Forty adults maize weevils (Si...

An experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications to determine the optimum date of sowing for commercial cultivation of cucumber at Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazar (750 m asl), Lamjung during December 1999 to November 2000. The cvs. Green Long and Bhaktapur Local were used in the main plot and the sowing dates in the sub-plot. So...

Spikelet sterility in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is emerging as a production threat in different parts of Nepal. This study was aimed at determining the effects of sowing date and boron application in controlling spikelet sterility in four different genotypes of spring wheat in a rice-wheat system in the western hills of Nepal. Four genotypes of...