YU Tao

• Prof.
• Professor (Full) at South China University of Technology

As a key application of advanced metering infrastructure, non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) offers real-time feedback on appliance-level energy consumption from aggregated electrical measurements, advising on energy conservation. In daily life, multiple appliances often run together, creating a complex background. However, existing studies under...

The large‐scale integration of renewable energy into new power systems presents significant challenges in terms of controllability and predictability due to its inherent randomness and volatility. The uncontrollability is further compounded by the sudden impacts of extreme weather events, making multi‐scale power balance increasingly difficult. Thi...

Community energy sharing is an important way to encourage prosumers energy exchanges and exploit distributed resource flexibility. Previous researches suffer from low generalization, privacy leaking, heavy communication and computational burden. In this paper, a behavior-based and fast convergence energy sharing mechanism based on prosumers’ respon...

The increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy poses significant challenges to the safety and stability of distribution system, rendering the renewable energy hosting capacity of distribution networks a major concern. To effectively evaluate the renewable energy hosting capacity in distribution networks, this paper introduces a comprehe...

In the context of energy crisis, the development of low-carbon integrated energy systems has become a prominent research area. This article addresses the challenges posed by high energy consumption and emissions in integrated energy systems by proposing a multi-stage planning method for low-carbon integrated energy that considers load time transfer...

It is important to achieve an efficient home energy management system (HEMS) because of its role in promoting energy saving and emission reduction for end-users. Two critical issues in an efficient HEMS are identification of user behavior and energy management strategy. However, current HEMS methods usually assume perfect knowledge of user behavior...

Different types of switches play different roles in the fault management procedure in particular context of smart grid, which have different impact on system reliability. The motivation behind this paper is to develop an explicit reliability assessment method adapting to flexible deployment of circuit breakers (CBs), remote-controlled switches (RCS...

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) has become a research boom due to its energy-saving benefits as the smart grid develops and the greenhouse effect intensifies. However, existing NILM models may perform poorly in the target domains collected from different sources, or those containing unseen appliance types, blocking the rollout of NILM. In cont...

This paper proposes a novel approach for dynamic economic dispatch (DED) of distribution networks, based on graph-generative adversarial network (Graph-GAN) assisted inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) with human knowledge transfer via demonstration. Firstly, the proposed method utilizes graph convolutional network (GCN) to capture the complex and...

In order to enable full participation of high-performance units controlled by different dispatching centers in the performance-based frequency regulation market, a data-driven grid-area coordinated load frequency control (GAC-LFC) strategy using unified performance-based frequency regulation market mechanism is proposed. The strategy takes into acc...

To improve the stability and operating efficiency of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system, a distributed deep reinforcement learning-based data-driven coordinated control method is proposed for realizing the coordinated control of a PEMFC gas supply system and heat management system. In addition, a siphonophora multiagent double-dela...

This paper proposes a novel stochastic robust real-time power dispatch model considering wind uncertainty. In this dispatch model that incorporates automatic power generation control, system constraints are constructed with affinely adjustable robust optimization to enhance the system security, while the objective concerning the expected value of g...

During the daily operation of photovoltaic array, it easily faces the partial shading conditions resulted from the cloud shadow, dropping dust, etc. It will directly cause a lifetime reduction and a generation efficiency decrement for the photovoltaic array. To weaken the negative influence of partial shading condition, one of the most favoured way...

A thermoelectric generation (TEG) system has the weakness of relatively low thermoelectric conversion efficiency caused by heterogeneous temperature distribution (HgTD). Dynamic reconfiguration is an effective technique to improve its overall energy efficiency under HgTD. Nevertheless, numerous combinations of electrical switches make dynamic recon...

With the urgency of environmental protection, wind power and photovoltaic (PV) projects are continued to be implemented, and the proportion of renewable energy in the power grid will be higher and higher. Therefore, wind power and PV also began to participate in the regional power grid frequency regulation (FR) and have gradually replaced the role...

Cyber-physical distribution system (CPDS) handles power grid faults by feeder automation. The reliability assessment of CPDS has been intensively discussed for centralized feeder automation (CFA) in existing researches. However, the inapplicability of CFA reliability models, and the low computation efficiency issue of the mostly used Monte Carlo me...

AC-DC hybrid structure offers a promising solution to accommodate AC/DC loads and distributed generators (DGs) in future smart grid. However, due to the complexity brought by reliability assessment and hybrid power flow, almost existing planning models of AC/DC hybrid distribution systems (ADHDS) are solved by heuristic algorithms, which cannot gua...

With the construction of a new power system and the proposal of a double carbon goal, power system operation data are growing explosively, and the optimization of power system dispatching operation is becoming more and more complex. Relying on traditional pure manual dispatching is difficult to meet the dispatching needs. The emerging knowledge gra...

With the aim of improving the frequency regulation performance of load frequency control (LFC) in an interconnected power system as well as reducing wastage of frequency regulation resources, an “octopus” cooperative load frequency control (OC-LFC) method is proposed. This method addresses the secondary frequency regulation coordination problem aff...

Lithium-ion batteries are widely employed in industries and daily life. Research on the state of health (SOH) of batteries is essential for grasping the performance of batteries, better guiding battery health management, and avoiding safety mishaps caused by battery aging. Nowadays, most research adopts a data-driven artificial intelligence approac...

A new constrained multi-objective optimization coevolutionary algorithm (CCMO) based on the NSGA-II algorithm is proposed to cope with the efficient optimization of multiple objectives containing constraints in the optimal combined carbon-energy flow (OCECF). The algorithm improves the convergence of the population by evolving a new auxiliary popul...

An intelligent automatic generation control (IAGC) framework is proposed to address the coordination problems between AGC controllers in multi-area power systems. In this framework, every area of the power system consists of an adaptive proportional-integral (PI) controller that employs a tuner to regulate coefficients in real time. The tuner of ea...

A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a multi-input multi-output nonlinear complicated system, the output power and operating efficiency of which are affected by various operating variables. To achieve coordinated control of multiple operating variables and thus improve the stability, performance, and efficiency of the PEMFC power system,...

Since the partial shading conditions easily bring a significant energy loss for a photovoltaic system, various array reconfiguration techniques have been proposed to improve the power generation efficiency. The existing studies of photovoltaic array reconfiguration mainly attempted to maximize the power output, which easily leads to a low total pro...

To dynamically balance multiple energy fluctuations in a multi-area integrated energy system (IES), a coordinated power control framework, named distributed intelligent coordinated automatic generation control (DIC-AGC), is constructed among different areas during load frequency control (LFC). Furthermore, an evolutionary imitation curriculum multi...

For a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power system containing a hydrogen fuel reformer and a DC–DC converter, it is necessary to coordinate the controllers of the two devices in order to maintain effective power tracking control and also prevent constraint violations of fuel utilization. A data-driven SOFC output voltage coordinated control method is...

Air pollution is one of the main environmental issues. This paper proposes an environmental-economic unit commitment (EEUC) incorporating a novel robust diffusion control of gas pollutants. The control mode evaluates the space-time diffusion of gas emis-sions, and then reduces the contribution of the thermal power generation to the gas pollutant co...

To balance the unexpected power disturbances, an independent system operator (ISO) should assign the dynamic power regulation commands to all the regulation resources via an automatic generation control (AGC) dispatch. It can be described as a bi-objective Pareto optimization by considering the minimizations of total power deviation and total regul...

Abstract To reduce the total power generation cost and improve the frequency stability of an island microgrid integrating renewable energy generation sources, a data‐driven cooperative load frequency control (DC‐LFC) method is proposed for solving the coordination control problem occurring between the controller and power distributor of the system....

A precise, fast, and robust parameter extraction technique of solid oxide fuel cell models is extremely crucial for optimal control and behavior analysis. In this paper, a novel extreme learning machine based method is proposed to extract unknown parameters of solid oxide fuel cell models including electrochemical model and simple electrochemical m...

To effectively control the output voltage of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and improve the operating efficiency of SOFC systems, an SOFC output voltage data-driven controller based on multi-agent large-scale deep reinforcement learning is proposed, whereby a discrete–continuous hybrid action space large-scale multi-agent twin delayed deep determin...

To maximize the net output power and ensure the safe operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), a coordination strategy is proposed in this paper to realize better optimization and control of a cell’s oxygen excess ratio (OER). There are two agents in this strategy. An optimization agent is employed to obtain an ideal OER in differe...

A novel interacted collective intelligence (ICI) algorithm was developed in this work for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of centralized thermoelectric generation (TEG) systems at non-uniform temperature gradients (NTG), upon which waste heat recovery ability can be considerably enhanced to enhance resources utilization efficiency. As centraliz...

Since a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a complicated nonlinear, time-varying and constrained system, it is difficult to control the fuel flow to stabilize the output voltage while considering fuel utilization operating constraints. To overcome this problem, an adaptive fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller, taking ad...

To mismatch various power disturbances of interconnected power grid, an integrated generation‐control and power‐dispatch (IGCPD) for performance‐based frequency regulation market is proposed. Unlike the conventional automatic generation control with an independent controller and a power distributor, IGCPD can significantly improve the dynamic contr...

For low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs), accurate models depicting network and phase connectivity are crucial to the analysis, planning, and operation of these networks. However, phase connectivity data in the LVDN are usually incorrect or missing. Wrong or incomplete phase information collected could lead to unbalanced operation of three-pha...

To better control the PEMFC air flow, this paper introduces a distributed deep reinforcement learning-based adaptive proportional integral (PI) controller for controlling air flow in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In this paper a novel algorithm for tuning the controller is proposed, termed the multi-role exploration strategy distrib...

To improve the operating efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), an optimal coordinated control strategy for addressing the poor coordination problem between the water pump and radiator in a PEMFC stack heat management system is proposed in this paper. To this end, a cooperative exploration strategy large-scale multiagent twin-d...

To achieve a high operation efficiency and control performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a multi-objective optimal fractional-order proportion integration differentiation (FOPID) controller is proposed to maintain the oxygen excess ratio (OER) and output voltage at the reference value simultaneously. In addition, a novel large-...

When a complex large power system is in an emergency, the conventional discrete emergency control strategy implemented will cause excess load or derivative accidents like line power overload, thereby raising the operation risk. To overcome the problems of excessive/insufficient regulation and subsequent accidents in the above context, this paper pr...

With the dramatic increase of energy demand and the continuous increase of power system operation pressure, higher requirements are put forward for the development of power grid planning and optimization operation. It is important for the refinement of distribution network planning to deeply extract the characteristics of user load. First, the proc...

Thermoelectric generation (TEG) system is designed to recover waste heat generated in industrial production and daily life with disadvantage of low power generation efficiency. Since non-uniform temperature distribution (NTD) easily gives rise to multiple local maximum power points (LMPPs) for centralized TEG systems, conventional maximum power poi...

In response to the automatic generation control (AGC) signals, the direct power control of a large-scale PV power plant easily encounters the communication bottlenecks, the high optimization difficulty and computation burden due to the large number of controllable inverters with different response performances. To handle these problems, a hierarchi...

In order to improve the stability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) output voltage, a data-driven output voltage control strategy based on regulation of the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter is proposed in this paper. In detail, an imitation-oriented twin delay deep deterministic (IO-TD3) policy gradient algorithm which offers a more ro...

A data-driven PEMFC output voltage control method is proposed. Moreover, an Improved deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm is proposed for this method. The algorithm introduces three techniques: Clipped multiple Q-learning, policy delay update, and policy smoothing to improve the robustness of the control policy. In this algorithm, the hydro...

A data-driven optimal control method for an air supply system in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is proposed with the aim of improving the PEMFC net output power and operational efficiency. Moreover, a marginal utility-based double-delay deep deterministic policy gradient (MU-4DPG) algorithm is proposed as a an offline tuner for the PI...

Coordination of networked microgrids (MGs) offers a promising solution to utilize distributed resources flexibilities and accommodate renewable energy. This paper studies real-time coordination of distribution system operation (DSO) and MGs considering multivariate uncertainty. Current researches suffer from inadaptability to dynamic system uncerta...

In order to improve the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) working efficiency, we propose a deep-reinforcement-learning based PID controller for realizing optimal PEMFC stack temperature. For this purpose, we propose the Improved Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm, a tuner of the PID controller, which can adjust...

As the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a nonlinear, time-varying, multiple-input multiple-output system, an advanced controller with strong robustness and adaptability is required for controlling PEMFC stack temperature and achieve a high operation efficiency. In this paper, a data driven optimal controller is proposed for controlling...

In proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the hydrogen supply system and air supply system jointly impact the output characteristics, and there is a coordination problem between these two systems. To solve this coordination problem, an intelligent control framework is presented that considers the coordination between the air flux controller...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are complex nonlinear and time-varying systems with operational constraints. How to effectively control and stabilize the output voltage while preventing constraint violations becomes a main challenge to its wide application. To improve the efficiency of its operation and power tracking control and prevent constraint v...

Medium-and long-term load forecasting in the distribution network has important guiding significance for overload warning of distribution transformer, transformation of distribution network and other scenarios. However, there are many constraints in the forecasting process. For example, there are many predict objects, the data sample size of a sing...

Traditional single-agent decision-based optimization theory system is gradually hard to address long-term dynamic interaction problems in power demand-side response management (DRM). To this end, this paper thoroughly investigates the behavioral decision-making issues in power DRM from a perspective of multi-population evolutionary game dynamics. F...

With soaring growth in the utilization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems on various applications, researches on fault diagnosis techniques of PEMFC systems have gained widespread attention in the last few decades. Inspired by the ever-increasing demand for a reliable fault diagnosis, numerous diagnosis techniques have been propo...

In order to improve the operational efficiency and stability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a distributed deep reinforcement learning (DDRL)-based integrated control strategy is proposed to solve the coordinated control problem of water pump and radiator in stack heat management system. This strategy substitutes the independent cont...

Coordinated control is imperative for the distribution network with the integration of wind power, photovoltaic system, and energy storage system. Meanwhile, the advanced automation terminal, intelligent control technology, and information communication technologies have greatly promoted the informatization of distribution networks which also incre...

In recent years, energy conservation and environmental protection have attracted great attention by the state, and many efforts have been made from the policy and planning level. In view of the current distribution network planning requirements about energy-saving and environmental protection attributes such as loss reduction, carbon reduction, and...

It is of great significance to evaluate the condition of equipment and identify the degree of important concern of equipment for formulating reasonable condition maintenance strategy and ensuring the safe and stable operation of railway power grid. In view of the characteristics that the overload operation state and maintenance interval of equipmen...

Abstract Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are promising components in the renewable energy field due to their high energy efficiency and low pollution output. However, these cells are also characterized by considerable nonlinearity, which in turn adversely affects the PEMFC output voltage. Conventional control algorithms cannot guarante...

Under high-penetration of renewable energy, power grid is facing with the development problems such as production delay, wind and solar power abandoning. With the continuous growth of renewable energy installation such as wind power, photovoltaic (PV), as well as the increase of power generation capacity, it is urgent to increase peak-load and freq...

Parameter estimation of photovoltaic cells is essential to establish reliable photovoltaic models, upon which studies on photovoltaic systems can be more effectively undertaken, such as performance evaluation, maximum output power harvest, optimal design, and so on. However, inherent high nonlinearity characteristics and insufficient current–voltag...

It is essential to develop an accurate model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for a reliable operation and analysis, in which unknown parameters usually need to be determined. The inherent nonlinear, strong coupling, and diversification of PEMFC model seriously hinder traditional methods to identify the parameters. For the sake of over...

It is essential to establish an accurate model for precise and reliable evaluation of the characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). However, the inherent multi-variable, multi-peak, and nonlinear features of PEMFC seriously increase the difficulty and complexity of its parameter extraction. Besides, noised data, which is inevit...

With the rapid development of economy and technology, large-scale integrated energy buildings account for an increasing proportion of urban load. However, the randomness of EV owner behaviors, electricity price and outdoor temperature have brought challenges to the energy management of integrated energy buildings. This paper proposes a stochastic d...

To balance the stochastic power disturbance in integrated energy system (IES), a novel automatic generation control (AGC) dispatch is proposed by taking account of the regulation rule that applies to a performance-based frequency regulation market, with the aim to reduce area control deviation and regulation mileage payment while complying with con...

This paper constructs a new optimal mileage-based PV array reconfiguration (OMAR) in a PV power plant under partial shading conditions. It aims to maximize the power output of a PV power plant, and minimize the additional capacity and mileage payments resulting from the power fluctuation in a performance-based frequency regulation market. To reduce...

In order to improve the work efficiency of load characteristic analysis and realize lean management, scientific prediction, and reasonable planning of the distribution networks, this paper develops a multidimensional intelligent distribution network load analysis and prediction management system based on the fusion of multidimensional data for the...

Energy cooperation plays an important role in One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative, which has attracted global attentions since it was firstly announced by China. However, studies focused on China-Myanmar energy cooperation under OBOR has not been explored yet, Myanmar usually acts as a geo-strategic link along OBOR while its power grid construction...

In the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system, the flow of air and hydrogen is the main factor influencing the output characteristics of PEMFC, and there is a coordination problem between their flow controls. Thus, the integrated controller of the PEMFC gas supply system based on distributed deep reinforcement learning (DDRL) is proposed...

Air supply system is an important subsystem in a PEMFC engine system. Research on the control strategy of air supply system is of great importance and significance in engineering. In this paper an intelligent controller based on distributed deep reinforcement learning which exerts better control over the air flux of a proton exchange membrane fuel...

In this paper, an adaptive Proportion integration (PI) controller for varying the output voltage of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is proposed. The PI controller operates on the basis of ambient intelligence large-scale deep reinforcement learning. It functions as a coefficient tuner based on an ambient intelligence exploration multi-...

In a performance-based frequency regulation market, increasing number of controllable renewable energy will actively participate in automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected power girds. Under such circumstance, this paper develops a new optimal mileage based AGC dispatch (OMD) to optimally distribute the real-time overall AGC dispatch c...

Energy storage system (ESS) has been expected to be a viable solution which can provide diverse benefits to different power system stakeholders, including generation side, transmission network (TN), distribution network (DN) and off-grid microgrid. Prudent ESS allocation in power grids determines satisfactory performance of ESS applications. Optima...

Founded on bounded rationality and limited information, evolutionary game theory can well describe the evolution rule of population behavior and predict individuals’ decision-making behavior. Therefore, this paper focuses on the general N-population multi-strategy evolutionary games, and uses them to investigate the generation-side long-term biddin...

In consideration of the deteriorating global warming and air pollution, a multi-objective electricity-gas flow (MOEGF) is proposed in this paper. Different from the existing emission control modes, a novel stochastic dispersion (SD) control for air pollutants is formulated in the MOEGF. The SD control considering district-varying environmental tole...

Distributed generation (DG) has attracted significant attention due to its great potential for enhancing economical and technical performance of power systems and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Optimal sizing and placement are critical for stimulating such potential, about which a considerable number of models and algorithms have been propose...

—In view of the growing deployment of wind power, reliable dispatches for wind uncertainty are becoming increasingly important, especially for the emerging electricity-gas combined system (EGCS). In this paper, a novel dispatch incorporating stochastic optimization and robust optimization is proposed for EGCS under wind uncertainty. Specifically, t...

Wind energy has the inherent nature of intermittence and randomness, such that its accurate prediction is extremely critical to ensure safe and stable operation of power system with increased wind power integration. This paper aims to present a thorough state-of-the-art one-stop handbook on various approaches applied in wind forecasting based on th...

This paper builds an optimal carbon-energy combined-flow (OCECF) model to optimize the carbon emission and energy losses of power grids simultaneously. A novel multi-agent cooperative reduced-dimension Q(λ) (MCR-Q(λ)) is proposed for solving the model. Firstly, on the basis of the traditional single-objective Q(λ) algorithm, the solution space is r...

Aiming at the problem of coordinating system economy, security and control performance in secondary frequency regulation of the power grid, a sectional automatic generation control (AGC) dispatch framework is proposed. The dispatch of AGC is classified as three sections with the sectional dispatch method. Besides, a hierarchical multi-agent deep de...

This paper proposes a multi-objective integrated automatic generation control (MOI-AGC) that combines a controller with a dispatch together. This can contribute to improving both control performance and economy in a power grid with multiple continuous power disturbances. Subsequently, a distributed classification replay twin delayed deep determinis...

In the current electrical load profile analysis, considering the shortage of traditional methods on the typical load profile extraction of single consumers and the load profile feature extraction, this paper proposes an approach based on time series data mining. Firstly, this method reduces the dimension of the load profile of a single consumer bas...

This study proposes a robust fractional-order PID (RFOPID) control approach for supercapacitor energy storage (SCES) system applied on distribution network. At first, nonlinearities, unmodelled dynamics, parameter uncertainties, and external disturbances of SCES systems are effectively estimated by the high-gain perturbation observer (HGPO). Afterw...

In the presence of the increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) and conflict of independent optimization objectives among each electric vehicle aggregator (EVA), real-time optimal scheduling (RTOS) of large-scale EVs based on dynamic non-cooperative game approach is proposed for optimal decision makings in a dynamic pricing market. First,...