Yoshiteru Nakamori

• Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Research and Development (R&D) is one crucial factor for economic growth and social development as it raises the national competitiveness level and the quality of life through innovation. In Thailand, the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), the biggest statutory government R&D institute is responsible for the National Resear...

The purpose of the knowledge system is to synthesize various data, information, and knowledge to derive problem-solving ideas. This chapter considers synthesizing knowledge from three domains to produce new ideas. They are mathematical model-based scientific-actual knowledge, experience-based cognitive-mental knowledge of experts and analysts, and...

This chapter first introduces a value creation spiral model of converting data and information into knowledge and creating valuable ideas, followed by explaining the action guidelines and goals of the four processes of the model. It defines the theories and tools used in these processes as knowledge technologies. After reviewing typical examples of...

This paper begins with the story that systems science, born of modern Western civilization, began to pay attention to traditional Eastern wisdom to deal with management issues. The consequence of the story is that we should complementarily utilize quantitative and rational analysis results and qualitative and intuitive empirical knowledge to solve...

This paper first introduces a value creation spiral model of converting data and information into knowledge and creating valuable ideas, followed by explaining the action guidelines of the four processes of the model. It defines the theories and tools used in these processes as knowledge technologies and considers future challenges in developing kn...

Purpose Taking the COVID-19 as the background, this study aims to investigate the direct influencing factors regarding knowledge sharing behavior (KSB) on new media platforms and discuss how the characteristics of the users could enhance the KSB through moderation effect, and provide empirical evidences. Design/methodology/approach Based on the so...

You should seek approval from your colleagues or stakeholders before you can put your new idea into practice. Let me call this action justification. The first half of this chapter considers how to get approval for the implementation of an idea. It also considers how to promote the idea using the knowledge construction systems methodology. After jus...

This chapter introduces two approaches to creating ideas. One is idea generation based on systematized knowledge, and the other is idea generation through people’s discussion using creative technologies. The former is the systems thinking approach, and this chapter first discusses the creation of ideas by simulation and risk analysis based on a mat...

This chapter defines knowledge technology. To do so, it must start with the definition of science and technology. In Japan, where science and technology promoted economic development, the concepts of soft science and soft technology were defined around 1990 when interest in the environment and quality of life was at its highest. Knowledge science e...

It has been a long time since the development of the human–computer cooperation system began. This chapter first introduces the historical transition of the decision support system. The rest of this chapter is devoted to an introduction to some selected integrative knowledge technologies. They fall into three groups: the traditional systems approac...

This book classifies the origins of information into two categories. The first is data organized to support decision-making. With the recent development of information and communication technology, there is a great deal of interest in the effective use of big data. In particular, the handling of unstructured text data that describes people's free t...

There are two levels of knowledge: just knowing and deep mastering, although the boundary is vague. One definition of knowledge is recognition memorized personally or socially. The other definition is judgments or a judgment system valid objectively. This chapter deals with the latter and classifies it into rational knowledge and intuitive knowledg...

This final chapter reaffirms the definition of knowledge technology and reviews guidelines and goals of carrying out the process from data collection to value creation. In addition, it looks back on the challenges of knowledge technology development discussed in Chaps. 4– 7, which correspond to the four sub-processes of the value creation spiral. T...

This book reviews creative technologies that underpin the human activities of converting data and information into knowledge, creating new ideas based on that knowledge, and validating those ideas. The book calls such creative technology “knowledge technology” and explores its challenges in the age of big data. Today, artificial intelligence and bi...

Purpose This study aims to explore the knowledge spillover mechanism in big science projects (BSP) from an institutional perspective by elaborating on the dynamic relationship between institutional dualism and legitimacy. Design/methodology/approach The study conducts an exploratory research and adopts the grounded theory methodology in the contex...

This paper introduces the background and purpose of the International Society for Knowledge and Systems Sciences and considers new developments in systems science in the knowledge society. First, in connection with the reason why the name of the society includes knowledge and systems, this paper argues that it is important to support each other for...

This paper proposes a systematic approach to creating stories to promote research or business projects and examines its effectiveness through an actual story-making project. This approach can be used to create promotion stories for, not just projects, but also products or services. It originates in a knowledge construction systems methodology, whic...

The knowledge construction methodology consists of a knowledge construction system model, a dialectic knowledge construction method, and a set of knowledge justification principles called constructive objectivism. To emphasize the universality of the knowledge construction system model, this chapter first shows that the model is derived naturally f...

An academic field called knowledge science has recently emerged that focuses on creativity for promoting innovation. It originated from the combination of ideas from informatics and business science, aiming for knowledge collection, accumulation, utilization, and dissemination, and this was triggered by the spread of the knowledge management moveme...

This chapter introduces design thinking and systems thinking, which have attracted attention in recent years as creative techniques to promote innovation. Tim Brown developed the idea of design thinking, which is a collaborative process where not only technically feasible things and executable business strategies but also the designer’s sensibility...

There are countless books that discuss innovation, but this book does not have the ambition to add a new theory of innovation. This chapter explains the definition and theories of innovation that are already authorized and are the minimum necessary to learn. Regarding the definition, you will first learn about creative destruction by Joseph A. Schu...

Systems science is an academic field that has been organizing creative techniques in its toolbox over the years, and creative techniques in this discipline are called systems techniques. Systems science aims to solve problems using a method of thought that focuses on relationships between elements. At its inception, the ambition was to solve many p...

This book demonstrates that innovative ideas are systematically constructed in the creative space spanned by the dimensions of systems thinking and knowledge management. Readers will be introduced to this proposition in the final chapter, after learning about the key innovation theories, design thinking, systems thinking, and idea creation methods...

Graduate students who are beginning academic research want to learn how to create and verify new knowledge in their research. Their supervisors, on the other hand, are seeking appropriate research environments including effective research guidance methods. In order to meet these demands, this paper proposes a knowledge creation model that supports...

This chapter proposes a new evaluation method for social service systems in order to support participants to create new knowledge and value. The main proposal is a rating scale method that can evaluate the current level (as-is) and the future desire (to-be) of participants, and with which we can analyze achievements of individuals. By using a concr...

This chapter proposes a model of knowledge creation and knowledge validation for the research of postgraduate students, and then introduces an evaluation method on research ability and research environment based on this model. The chapter reports the results of statistical analysis, using the data obtained by a questionnaire survey at a graduate sc...

This paper proposes a model of knowledge creation and knowledge validation for the research of postgraduate students, and then introduces an evaluation method on research ability and research environment based on this model. The paper reports the results of statistical analysis, using the data obtained by a questionnaire survey at a graduate school...

This paper proposes a new evaluation method for a social service system in order to support participants to create new knowledge and value. The main proposal is a rating scale method that can evaluate the current level (as-is) and the future desire (to-be) of participants, and with which the authors can analyze achievements of individuals. By using...

This paper proposes a knowledge-scientific approach to evaluation of community service systems from the viewpoints of knowledge creation, consciousness reform, and value co-creation. A concrete example of the community service system treated here is an education program for old men to find their reason for living after the retirement. After introdu...

This paper proposes an evaluation framework of knowledge management activities. The main proposal is a rating scale method that can evaluate the current level and the future desire of participants of a knowledge management activity. By using a concrete example of an education program which is a worth living discovery seminar for retired men, this p...

Knowledge science is an emerging discipline resulting from the demands of a knowledge-based economy and information revolution. Explaining how to improve our knowledge-based society, Knowledge Science: Modeling the Knowledge Creation Process addresses problems in collecting, synthesizing, coordinating, and creating knowledge. The book introduces se...

This chapter presents an application of the theory of knowledge construction systems, introduced in the previous chapter, to the development of community service systems. Regional development and vitalization is a major social problem especially in an aging society. Various activation projects by local governments, enterprises, or citizens can be r...

We understand that mathematical systems approaches are not sufficient to provide effective answers to contemporary complex problems. The author has been developing a theory of knowledge construction systems that is a systems approach to synthesize a variety of knowledge and to justify new knowledge. The theory consists of three parts that relate to...

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Symposium, KSS 2016, held in Kobe, Japan, in November 2016. The 21 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The papers cover topics such as: Algorithms for Big Data; Big Data and education; Big Data and healthcare; Big Data and to...

This book provides readers the idea of systemically synthesizing various kind of knowledge, which needs to combine analytical thinking and synthetic thinking. Systems science is expected to help in solving contemporary complex problems, utilizing interdisciplinary knowledge effectively and combining analytical thinking and synthetic thinking effici...

In this paper, the authors propose an interval linguistic distribution model for multiple attribute decision making MADM problems with incomplete linguistic information, in which they use intervals as evaluators' confidence levels indicating their belief degrees that a linguistic term fits an evaluation. By introducing the extent of ignoring inform...

This paper aims to find a new evaluation method for collecting Kansei and Context data, which is based on a partial comparison process; and a specification method based on customer's target, which is suitable for the special Kansei and Context data obtained from partial comparison process. For collecting Kansei and Context data, we randomly select...

This paper presents an approach to service systems development based on the theory of knowledge construction systems, emphasizing service value co-creation between providers and users. As a concrete example of this approach, this paper introduces a social experiment of developing a community health care system, which requires not only information m...

In Myanmar, the formal financial institution does not provide uncollateralized credits. The rural unbanked under the poverty line is depending on the informal money-lenders with high interest rate. Private Agency Collaboration Together is only one microfinance institution providing the credits without collateral and with low interest rate to the un...

It is critically important for companies to screen new product projects before they are launched to the market. So far, many approaches have been developed for tackling the process of screening product innovations. Due to uncertain, vague and incomplete information as well as dynamically complex process regarding to new product development (NPD), a...

The purposes of the study are (1) to examine the effectiveness of a teacher-training course based on a knowledge management model in blended learning environment; (2) to determine underlying factors that contributed to the success of the course. The employed knowledge management model, which consists of four processes: knowledge co-creation, intern...

This paper proposes the hybrid approach to deal with multi-experts multi-attribute decision making (MEMADM) problem with linguistic assessments, in which judgments are expressed in linguistic terms, providing by multiple experts. The main motivation of this study is that to avoid information loss by eliminating the linguistic representation and app...

This paper presents a research result of promoting and evaluating a regional revitalization project based on the WSR system methodology. The paper introduces a regional revitalization project in Japan, and it explains the promotion and evaluation of the regional revitalization project by the WSR system methodology. From this research, the authors s...

The objective of this paper is to create a service system to protect the security of financial system of microfinance and over indebtedness by improving the capacity of unbanked instead of strict legal procedures. The service system is one of the sub-systems of the access system. The access system including four sub-systems is constructed to modera...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a blended learning model on hands-on approach for in-service secondary school teachers using a quasi-experimental design. A 24-h teacher-training course using the blended learning model was administered to 117 teachers, while face-to-face instruction was given to 60 teachers. The followi...

This study investigated human impression of favorability and gender sensitivity response on color fabrics for comfort in health care interior facility. Three groups of color fabric; Pink (10), Saxe Blue (10) and White (10), total of 30 different stimuli were selected. 12 subjects evaluated the stimuli with 29 adjective-pair words that meet comforta...

Information other than object appraisal is not presented in kansei evaluation experiments. However, in actual consumer activities, consumers are also influenced by external information (stimuli) other than the image that the product itself holds, and finally arrive at the decision to purchase the item. In this study, for the purpose of analyzing th...

This paper considers the problem of systemic knowledge synthesis for product recommendation based on the theory of knowledge construction systems. This theory suggests actors to collect knowledge from scientific, social, and creative dimensions and to synthesize them systemically. It is believed that the pursuit of systematic, or mathematical appro...

This paper aims to find a new evaluation method for collecting Kansei and Context data, which is based on a partial comparison process; and a specification method based on customer's target, which is suitable for the special Kansei and Context data obtained from partial comparison process. For collecting Kansei and Context data, we randomly select...

This paper considers the regional vitalization problem and discusses the methodology to create regional vitalization plans, which include activating the local economy, enriching people’s lives, and activating the feelings of people, by new initiatives. Activity underlying the methodology is the experience of implementing several actual projects wit...

This paper deals with some actual projects of regional revitalization, here a regional revitalization project is a project to activate the local economy, to enrich people's lives, or to activate the feelings of the people, by new initiatives. The paper analyzes the agenda-setting in the project and approaches to achieving the task from the viewpoin...

The paper deals with the multi-attribute aggregation problem in product recommendation, which focuses on consumers’ preferences and personal tastes. Specifically, an ontological structure is used for aggregating the attributes selected by consumers as their preferences; in particular this paper also takes the correlation effects between the selecte...

As an emerging area considering behavioral aspects of decision making, target-oriented decision model lies in the philosophical root of bounded rationality as well as represents the S-shaped value function. This paper deals with multi-attribute decision analysis from target-oriented viewpoint. First, the basic (random) target-oriented decision mode...

Integrating ideas from the fields of systems science and knowledge science, Knowledge and Systems Science: Enabling Systemic Knowledge Synthesis shows how to create and justify various pieces of knowledge systemically. Written by one of the foremost experts in this area, the book presents approaches for the systemic integration of knowledge, which...

Collaboration activities for knowledge creation have become popular, due to competition and marketplace demands. Most knowledge management KM has focused on organizational knowledge application and development. There is a lack of a framework on KM to discuss how people have efficient behaviors to cooperate with others for knowledge creation. This p...

In today’s increasingly competitive market, consumers usually have to face a huge number of products with different designs but having the same use. Therefore, an important problem for manufacturers is to attract consumers by special designs of the products. This paper aims at the improvement of a consumer-oriented approach in recommending products...

The purpose of this study is to compare the kansei evaluation data between the patterns on Kutaniyaki porcelain and the products which use the patterns. We investigated how the kansei evaluation data change when those patterns are used to develop products. The analysis was conducted using the SD profile and factor analysis in order to compare the k...

Evaluation of services plays an important role in the pre-negotiation process for negotiations over services between autonomous agents. Typically, the service evaluation problem can be regarded as multiattribute decision making, possibly with uncertainty. This chapter first presents an overview on some decision models, which have been used for eval...

Abilities and qualities of key persons in regional revitalization projects are unclear, although in connection with the recognition of the importance of these projects, fostering talent is an urgent task. Based on the concept that a key person in regional revitalization projects is the knowledge coordinator, this paper explores abilities and qualit...

To more adequately describe human decision making, V.-N. Huynh, Y. Nakamori, and others proposed a special semi-heuristic target-based fuzzy decision procedure. A usual justification for this procedure is based on the selection of the simplest possible membership functions and “and”- and “or”-operations; if we use more complex membership functions...

This paper uses bibliometric methodology to survey the developing trends of service management research field from 1991 to 2011. We collected 1459 literatures from SSCI database with the title “service management”, analysed and classified those literatures by yearly distributions, Web of Science categories, document types, subject areas, languages,...

Kutani-ware is a famous traditional craft which is so significant not only from the economic perspective, but also from the cultural viewpoint. It had a prosperous time in the last decades; however it has been shrinking recently due to the changes of lifestyle or the appearance of more functional products. Compared with the function, the brand imag...

The aesthetic aspects of products have become critical factors in achieving higher consumer satisfaction. This study deals with evaluation of commercial products according to the Kansei, which is an individual subjective impression reflecting the aesthetic appeal of products. To do so, we have proposed a three-phase group nonadditive multiattribute...

Ontological engineering has been widely used for diverse purposes in different communities and a number of approaches have been reported for developing ontologies; however, few works address issues of specific ontology construction for local communities, especially when taking into account the specificity of academic knowledge creation. This Chapte...

In this paper, a framework for representing vague knowledge based on the notion of context model introduced by Gebhardt and Kruse (1993) is discussed. From a concept analysis point of view, it has been shown that the context model can be semantically considered as a data model for fuzzy concept analysis (Huynh et al., 2004). From a decision analysi...

The purpose of this study is to create a Kutani-ware positioning map, to find the optimal positions for new products and sales promotions by preference regression analysis and to find out effective design elements to use in conducting positioning analysis instead of Kansei evaluation data by consumers. As a result of conducting positioning analysis...

The chapter reviews recent advances in describing processes of knowledge and technology creation using models of such processes that stress and utilize the a-rational abilities of human mind such as tacit knowledge, emotion, instincts, intuition. To such models belong Shinayakana Systems Approach, SECI Spiral, Knowledge Pentagram or i-System, Creat...

This article presents a systems approach to knowledge synthesis or construction, starting with a new systems thinking named the informed systems thinking, which should serve as the basic tool of knowledge integration and support creativity. Based on this new systems thinking, a new systems approach to knowledge synthesis or construction has been de...

This paper proposes a Kansei modeling technique by using the Rough-sets Theory based on a set of evaluation data for Kutani-ware coffee cups. Kutani-ware is a famous traditional craft that is a very important traditional industry in Japan. However, it has been shrinking recently because of the changes in lifestyle or the appearance of more function...

After introducing some approaches to knowledge science as well as the School of Knowledge Science at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, this paper introduces a new book entitled Knowledge Science---Modeling the Knowledge Creation Process (Nakamori ed., 2011) to suggest what knowledge science should be. The authors of this book are...

This paper introduces our research work in fuzzy target-oriented decision analysis and its application to kansei-based evaluation of traditional crafts. After a brief introduction into fuzzy target-oriented decision analysis, we formulate a general target-oriented approach to multi-attribute evaluation problem for personalized recommendation. The c...

Exploitation of new and innovative energy alternatives is a key means towards a sustainable energy system. This paper proposes a linguistic energy planning model with computation solely on words as well as considering the policy-maker’s preference information. To do so, a probabilistic approach is first proposed to derive the underlying semantic ov...

This paper introduces a governmental project1 to develop a recommendation system, which recommends products to customers, recognizing their 'kansei' desires. The project aims at supporting sales expansion and new products development in traditional crafts in Ishikawa prefecture, Japan. For this, the project is developing a technique for selecting a...

Knowledge science is a problem-oriented interdisciplinary field that takes as its subject the modeling of the knowledge creation process and its application, and carries out research in such disciplines as knowledge management, management of technology, support for the discovery, synthesis and creation of knowledge, and innovation theory with the a...

The aesthetic aspect plays a crucial role in human choice, thus studies dealing with subjective (called kansei in Japanese) evaluation and decision support by focusing on customers' psychological needs and personal taste became very essential. The purpose of the study is to illustrate two similar aggregation methods for multi-criteria analysis of a...

The main objective of linguistic multi-expert decision making (MEDM) is to select the best alternative(s) using linguistic judgements provided by multiple experts. This paper presents a probabilistic model for linguistic MEDM, which is able to deal with semantic overlapping in linguistic aggregation and decision-makers’ preference information in ch...

This paper argues that exploring the triple helix of academia-industry-government is very helpful for technology roadmapping in academia, since it is most likely that a future technology system will be shaped by academia, industry and government together. On the basis of this argument, this paper puts forward a computer-based approach for exploring...

The screening of new product ideas is critically very important in new product development (NPD). Due to the incompleteness of information available and the qualitative nature of most evaluation criteria regarding NPD process, a fuzzy linguistic approach may be necessary for new-product screening, making use of linguistic assessments and the fuzzy-...

This study deals with evaluation of products according to the Kansei, which is an individual subjective impression reflecting the aesthetic appeal of products. To do so, after introducing a probabilistic approach to generating Kansei profiles involving fuzzy uncertainty and underlying semantic overlapping, we have proposed a two-phase nonadditive m...

This paper deals with multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems with multiple priorities, in which priority weights associated with the lower priority criteria are related to the satisfactions of the higher priority criteria. Firstly, we propose a prioritized weighted aggregation operator based on ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and...

This paper considers the problem of knowledge integration, and proposes a theory of knowledge construction systems, which consists of three fundamental parts: a knowledge construction system, a structure–agency–action paradigm, and evolutionary-constructive objectivism. The first part is a model of collecting and synthesizing knowledge, the second...

Abilities and qualities of key persons in regional revitalization projects are unclear, although in connection with the recognition of the importance of these projects, fostering talent is an urgent task. Based on the concept that a key person in regional revitalization projects is the knowledge coordinator, this paper explores abilities and qualit...

This paper deals with the evaluation of Japanese traditional crafts, in which product items are assessed according to the so-called “Kansei” features by means of the semantic differential method. For traditional crafts, decisions on which items to buy or use are usually influenced by personal feelings/characteristics; therefore, we shall propose a...

As a methodology, Kansei Engineering (KE) has been developed to deal with consumers' subjective impressions and images of a product into the design elements of the product. One central step in KE is to generate Kansei profiles of the product. Traditional approaches to generating Kansei profiles, the average data model and voting based model, cannot...

Kutani-ware is a famous traditional craft which is so significant not only from the economic perspective, but also from the culture perspective. But it has been shrinking recently because of the changes in lifestyle or the appearance of more functional modern products. Compared with the function, brand, image and style have become important in prod...

Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management 4th International Conference, KSEM 2010, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK, September 1-3, 2010. Proceedings Evaluation for ranking is very useful for users in their decision-making process when they want to select some item(s) from a large number of items using their personal preferences. In this paper, we...

It is known that interval-valued fuzzy sets [m(x), m(x)] provide a more adequate description of expert uncertainty than the more traditional “type-1 ” (number-valued) fuzzy techniques. Specifically, an interval-valued fuzzy set can be viewed as a class of possible fuzzy sets m(x) ∈ [m(x), m(x)]. In this case, as a result of defuzzification, it is n...

This paper proposes a Kansei modeling technique by using the Rough-sets Theory based on a set of evaluation data for Kutani-ware coffee cups. Kutani-ware is a famous traditional craft that is a very important traditional industry in Japan. However, it has been shrinking recently because of the changes in lifestyle or the appearance of more function...

The relationship between tacit knowledge and informal networks has not been fully explored. Tacit knowledge cannot be well managed directly, because it is deeply embedded in individual actions and experiences. This study proposes an approach to managing informal networks as a new middle way to facilitate the sharing and transferring of tacit knowle...

This paper presents a probabilistic model for linguistic multi-expert decision making (MEDM), which is able to deal with vague concepts in linguistic aggregation and decision-makers’ preference information in choice function. In linguistic aggregation phase, the vagueness of each linguistic judgement is captured by a possibility distribution on a s...

In a recent paper, Liu have proposed the so-called F -algorithm which conditionally reduces the computational complexity of the Meyerowitz-Richman-Walker algorithm for the computation of the aggregate-uncertainty measure in the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence, along with an illustration of its application in a practical scenario of target identi...

This article presents a systems approach to knowledge synthesis or construction, starting with a new systems thinking named the informed systems thinking, which should serve as the basic tool of knowledge integration and support creativity. Based on this new systems thinking, a new systems approach to knowledge synthesis or construction has been de...

This paper considers the problem of knowledge integration, and proposes a theory of knowledge construction systems, which consists of three fundamental parts: a knowledge construction system, a structure-agency-action paradigm, and evolutionally constructive objectivism. The paper starts with a brief introduction of our basic systems approach calle...