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Publications (134)
One possible strategy for modulating autophagy is to disrupt the critical protein-protein interactions (PPIs) formed during this process. Our attention is on the autophagy-related 12 (ATG12)-autophagy-related 5 (ATG5)-autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1) heterotrimer complex, which is responsible for ATG8 translocation from ATG3 to phosphatidyleth...
As an important family member of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2 can recognize various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as bacteria and viral components. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that TLR2 agonists play a critical role in cancer immunotherapy and infectious diseases. Diprovocim is the most potent small molecule TLR2 ag...
Adenovirus E1A-associated 300-kD protein (p300) bromodomain, which regulates gene expression by recognizing acetylated lysine (KAc) of histone, is a promising target for the treatment of cancer. Herein, a series of potent p300 bromodomain inhibitors with novel CBP30-based scaffolds was discovered through bioisosterism and conformational restriction...
p300/CBP bromodomain plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, and its overexpression is closely related to various diseases such as cancers. Two inhibitors of this target are currently in clinical trials but only CCS1477 (A1) have been published with the chemical structure. Herein, we modified the structure of CCS1477 based on the pri...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in millions of deaths and seriously threatened public health and safety. Despite COVID-19 vaccines being readily popularized worldwide, targeted therapeutic agents for the treatment of this disease remain very limit...
Plocabulin, a marine natural polyketide isolated from the sponge Lithoplocamia lithistoides, is a novel and potent microtubule-destabilizing agent. Guided by the reported binding mode, several new analogs of plocabulin have been designed through removing the right aliphatic chain and further modifying on the carbamate group and the enamide unit. Th...
Cabazitaxel is one of the most recently FDA-approved taxane anticancer agent. In view of the advantages in preclinical and clinical data of cabazitaxel over former toxoids, the synthesis and biological evaluation of novel cabazitaxel analogues were conducted. First, a novel semi-synthesis of cabazitaxel was described. This strategy is concise and e...
The cumulative evidence supports STAT3, a transcriptional mediator of oncogenic signaling, as a therapeutic target in cancer. The development of STAT3 inhibitors remain an active area of research as no inhibitors have yet to be approved for cancer treatment. In a continuing effort to develop more potent STAT3 inhibitors based on our previously iden...
A copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of amino acid-derived amides and (Z)-vinyl iodide was studied to improve a key step in the synthesis of plocabulin, a novel microtubule destabilizer agent of marine origin. The study revealed a profound solvent effect with 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), which gave consistently high yields across a large variet...
Unlike the O2 neighboring group participation in glycosylation, the participating effect of esters located on more remote positions of glycopyranosyl donors has not been unambiguously established and provokes plenty of questions. Here we systematically trapped the participation intermediates on three common pyranoses based on a ‘bis-trichloroacetim...
Leontopodioside A, isolated from the whole plants of Leontopodium leontopodioides, possesses significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In this work, we studied the total synthesis of leontopodioside A by two strategies for the first time. The optimized strategy involved nine linear steps and has an overall yield of 16.1%. The key feature of th...
Natural flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides exist in many plants and have been demonstrated to possess various clinically relevant properties, isolating large amounts of these compounds that have striking structural similarity from plant sources needs tedious isolation techniques. These processes limited their availability in structural diversity f...
We have developed a highly efficient and practical approach for palladium‐catalyzed trifluoroacetate‐promoted N‐quinolylcarboxamide‐directed glycosylation of inert β‐C(sp³)−H bonds of N‐phthaloyl α‐amino acids with glycals under mild conditions. For the first time, C(sp³)−H activation for glycosylation was achieved to build C‐alkyl glycosides. This...
In this work, we developed a highly efficient and practical approach for the palladium‐catalyzed trifluoroacetate‐promoted N ‐quinolylcarboxamide‐directed glycosylation of inert b ‐C(sp 3 )‐H bonds of N ‐phthaloyl a ‐amino acids with glycals under mild conditions. For the first time, the C(sp 3 )‐H activation for glycosylation was achieved to build...
C14 alkyl benzoate ABG001, derived from naturally occurring gentisides, was reported to exhibit neurotrophic activity which is similar to NGF (Nerve Growth Factor). In this research, ABG001 was modified by the strategy of isosteric replacement and conformational restriction with the purpose of improving the bioactivity. The cellular neurotrophic ac...
Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3) is an important enzyme in phospholipid remodeling, a process which influences the biophysical properties of cell membranes and thus cell function. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that LPCAT3 is involved in several diseases, including atherosclerosis, non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, and carcinoma....
CBP and p300 are two closely related histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that interact with numerous transcription factors and act to increase the expression of their target genes. Both proteins contain a bromodomain flanking the HAT catalytic domain that is important in binding of CBP/p300 to chromatin and which offers an opportunity to develop prot...
p300 is an important histone acetyltransferase in epigenetics, and its overexpression is closely related to various diseases such as cancers. C646 is one of the most representative p300 inhibitors and used in various studies of p300. However, its intrinsic drawbacks such as containing potentially toxic groups prevent it from further development. In...
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) are mainly expressed in adipocytes and/or macrophages and play essential roles in energy metabolism and inflammation. When FABP4 function is diminished, FABP5 expression is highly increased possibly as a functional compensation. Dual FABP4/5 inhibitors are expected to pro...
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. TLR2 agonists have been exploited as potential vaccine adjuvants and antitumor agents. However, no TLR2 agonists have been approved by FDA up to now. To discover drug-like TLR2 selective agonists, a novel series of Pam 3 CSK 4 derivatives were designed based on t...
As the representative flavonoid and flavonoid glycoside of Chinese medicine Cirsium japonicum, pectolinarigenin and pectolinarin have important bioactivities. In this paper, the efficient semi-synthesis of pectolinarigenin had been achieved starting from commercially available scutellarin via a linear reaction sequence of 3 steps with the overall y...
As the active component of precious Chinese medicine Aquilaria sinensis, 7,4'-dimethylapigenin-5-O-glycoside showed inhibitory activity for nitric oxide (NO) production by activated RAW 264.7 cells. Because of the strong intramolecular H-bond, the 5-O-glucosidic linkage in flavonoids could not be efficiently constructed via conventional glycosylati...
Ginsenoside Compound K (CK) showed potent activity against IgE for the treatment of asthma. A series of CK analogues were then synthesized by straightforward procedures. The in vivo anti-IgE activity evaluations using the OVA-induced asthmatic mouse model revealed preliminary SARs of the CK analogues, which showed that the sugar type, modifications...
Taxoids are a class of successful drugs and have been successfully used in chemotherapy for a variety of cancer types. However, despite the hope and promises that these taxoids have engendered, their utility is hampered by some clinic limitations. Extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of toxoids have been performed in many differe...
A series of novel 2,4-diarylaminopyrimidine derivatives of AZD9291 were discovered as L858R/T790M mutant selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. The majority of these compounds exhibited moderate to excellent EGFR T790 M/L858R inhibitory activities and comparable anti-proliferative activities against double mutant over-express...
Starting from readily available vanillin and α-D-acetobromo glucose, two natural acylated phenolic glycosides vitexnegheteroin A and ovatoside D were synthesized for the first time in 4 steps with overall yields of 54% and 65%, respectively. The key steps involve the directly regioselective O-6 acylation of vanillin β-D-glucopyranoside with acyl ch...
The transformation of lipid-based nanovehicles into mixed micelles (MMs) upon lipolysis plays an indispensable role in enhancement of the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Therefore, this study employs biomimetic MMs as functional vehicles to enhance the oral bioavailability of the lipid conjugates of a model drug silybin. The mai...
Yuhua Ma Haisheng He Fei Xia- [...]
Wei Wu
Lipid-drug conjugates (LDCs) of a poorly soluble and poorly permeable drug silybin (SB) and lipids with different chain lengths (6C, 12C, 18C) are synthesized and formulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The in vivo fate of LDCs as well as SLNs is investigated by tracking either SB or LDCs or SLNs. LDCs are prone to be hydrolyzed by lipase...
30R- and 30S-Oxazoline analogues of apratoxin E have been prepared with late-stage formation of an oxazoline ring. These two compounds have a potent inhibitory effect on HCT-116 cell proliferation with IC50 values of 345 and 638 nM, respectively. These results suggest that apratoxin E oxazoline bioisosteres are approximately 6-fold less potent than...
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) is a potential target for cancer therapy because of its critical role in promoting cancer formation and progression. In a continuing effort to improve the cellular activity of hit compound 7r bearing an indazole scaffold, which was previously discovered by our group, several compounds harnessing fluorine sub...
Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) plays a vital role in the catabolism of tryptophan along with the kynurenine pathway which is involved in many human diseases including cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. In this study, compound 1 bearing a 1-Indanone scaffold was identified as a novel IDO1 inhibitor by structure-based virtual screening, with mo...
The hexa-fructopyranoside was synthesized with N-phenyltrifluoroacetimidate glycosylation. The synthesis was achieved by regioselective glycosylation on the 1-OH of fructopyranosyl acceptor. Fructosyl oligosaccharides were elongated with β-(2 → 1)-difructopyranosyl unit in every two steps, without any further protection/deprotection step. This work...
Although there are numerous claims of remote group participation leading to the synthesis of the expected glycosides with improved anomeric geometry outcome in glycosylation, there is still a lack of enough strong evidence and this has led to a long-term debate, particularly for equatorial 4-O group participation. In this work, we were able to synt...
A versatile strategy for the synthesis of 6”-functionalized α-GalCers by using NAP ether group for permanent hydroxyl protection was developed, which provide the flexibility necessary for the incorporation of a wide range of functional groups in target molecules including alkyne, azide, thiol that are intolerant to Pd-catalyzed hydrogenolysis as we...
Apratoxin E provided the inspiration for the design of apratoxin A/E hybrids under preclinical development. Through total synthesis using two different strategies, it was determined that the originally proposed configuration of the thiazoline at C30 is opposite from that in apratoxin A, in contrast to previous assumptions on biosynthetic grounds. T...
Constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is involved in the occurrence and development of the tumors, and is regarded as an attractive therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Our laboratory discovered some STAT3 inhibitors containing benzothiazole scaffold through virtual screening before. In a continuing...
A series of 2-oxo-1, 2-dihydroquinoline-containing c-Met inhibitors were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro activities targeting c-Met. Most compounds showed high potency against c-Met with IC50 values in the single-digit nM range. Among these compounds, two target compounds, namely 1h and 1n, stood out as the most potent c-Met...
Apratoxin A, a cyclodepsipeptide isolated from a marine cyanobacterium, demonstrates potent cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines by a unique mechanism. A lactam analogue of apratoxin A, named as amidapratoxin A, was efficiently synthesized over 22 linear steps in 2.1% overall yield for the first time. The further conformation analysis was conduct...
A conformational restriction strategy was used to design and synthesize nine TZT-1027 analogues. 3-Aryl-azetidine moiety was used to replace phenylethyl group of TZT-1027 at the C-terminus. These analogues exhibited moderate to excellent antiproliferative activities, and the most potent compound 1a showed IC50 values of 2.2 nM against A549 and 2.1...
STAT3 signaling pathway has been validated as a vital therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Based on the novel STAT3 inhibitor of a benzyloxyphenyl-methylaminophenol scaffold hit (1) discovered through virtual screening, a series of analogues had been designed and synthesized for more potent inhibitors. The preliminary SAR had been discussed and t...
To overcome the drug-resistance of first generation EGFR inhibitors and the nonselective toxicities of second generation inhibitors among NSCLC patients, a series of 5-(methylthio)pyrimidine derivatives were discovered as novel EGFR inhibitors, which harbored not only potent enzymatic and antiproliferative activities against EGFR(L858R/T790M) mutan...
Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) over-expressed on tumor cells and tumor microenvironment, plays critical roles in tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. Here we described the design, synthesis and preliminary activity studies of novel leucine ureido derivatives as aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) inhibitors. The results showed that compound 7a had the...
(S)-4-Amino-5-mercaptopentanoic acid (glutamate thiol, GluSH) is a derivative of glutamic acid with α-carboxyl group substituted by methanethiol group. Meanwhile, it could be considered as a derivative of cysteine. This amino acid is an important fragment of marine cytotoxic cyclic depsipeptide apratoxin E. Two facile synthetic methods of (S)-4-ami...
A series of novel C-aryl glucosides containing dioxa-bicycle were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition activity against hSGLT2. Among the compounds tested, compound 6a showed moderate SGLT2 inhibition activities at 700 nM. The results could benefit the discovery of new SGLT2 inhibitors.
Total Synthesis of Two Diastereomers of Megastigmane Glycoside Lauroside B
All authors
Xiaozhe Fu, Mingming Zhang, Qi Gao, Fengling Yang, Yingxia Li & Ning Ding
https://doi.org/10.1080/07328303.2015.1095925
Published online
30 November 2015
Lauroside B, a megastigmane sesquiterpene glycoside isolated from L. nobilis leaves, has the potential eff...
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) is a potential target for cancer therapy. Based on the structure of AZD4547 and NVPBGJ-398, we designed novel 1H-indazol-3-amine scaffold derivatives by utilizing scaffold hopping and molecular hybridization strategies. Consequently, twenty-eight new compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibit...
Nineteen new derivatives based on the structure of marine natural product tasiamide B were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against BACE1, a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. The hydrophobic substituents Val at P3 position, Leu at P1' position, Ala at P2' position, and Phe at P3' position were f...
Longitudinal cerebral metabolite changes in pig-tailed macaques inoculated with the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmFGb were evaluated with in vivo proton MRS at 3 T. Blood sample collection, and MRS were carried out before and 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks after SIV inoculation. Significant reduction of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr...
Twenty-two new analogs based on the structure of BMS-777607 were designed, synthesized, and evaluated to determine their biological activities. Compounds bearing a cyclic sulfonamide or α-chloropiperidone scaffold exhibited good activity, which may provide a new basis for further structural optimization. Quinoline-containing analogs exhibited bette...
Eighteen analogues of the marine cytotoxic linear peptide tasiamide were designed, synthesized and screened for their inhibitory activities against the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB) and human non-small cell lung tumor (A549) cell lines. The results indicated that minor modifications of the C-terminuswith aromatic groups were tolerat...
An effective Heck-type cross-coupling reaction between halo-exo-glycals and endo-glycals to achieve C-glycosidic disaccharides has been developed. Using Pd(OAc)(2) as the catalyst, dppp as ligand and K2CO3 as base, the reactions gave C-glycosidic products in good to excellent yields with exclusive stereochemistry.
Apratoxin A, a marine natural cyclicdepsipeptide bearing novel and complex structure, showed significant antiproliferative activity against several cancer cell lines. A brief introduction on the research progress of this natural product including total synthesis, structure-activity relationship, pharmacological studies, and biosynthetic pathway was...
A series of compounds containing a novel 3-carboxypiperidin-2-one scaffold based on the lead structure BMS-777607 were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their c-Met kinase inhibition and cytotoxicity against MKN45 cancer cell lines. The results indicated that five compounds exhibited significant inhibitory effect on c-Met with IC50 values of...
Malignant glioma, a highly aggressive tumor, is one of the deadliest types of cancer associated with dismal outcome despite of optimal chemotherapeutic regimens. One explanation for this is the failure of most chemotherapeutics accumulation into tumors, additionally causing serious side effects in periphery. To solve these problems, we sought to de...
An efficient and convenient method for the selective cleavage of terminal acetonides is described. Treatment of terminal acetonides in the presence of a wide range of functional groups with silica-supported boron trifluoride as a catalyst furnished the corresponding diols in 82–95% yield under ultrasound irradiation conditions. The acid-labile p-me...
A facile synthetic approach toward six designed analogues (2-7) of linckoside B, a new neuritogenic steroid glycoside isolated from the Okinawan starfish Linckia laevigata, has been developed. The key steroid aglycon was achieved by a dimethylaluminum chloride-mediated 'ene' reaction. A versatile strategy was employed for the construction of glycos...
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipocytes and macrophages, and modulates inflammatory and metabolic response. Studies in FABP4-deficient mice have shown that this lipid carrier has a significant role within the field of metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis; thus, its inhibition may open up new opportunities to...
The synthesis of the pentasaccharide moiety of thornasteroside A, the first asterosaponin isolated from starfish in 1978 has been achieved for the first time. Initially, a [3+2] convergent strategy was attempted, but the β(14) glycosidic linkage between galactopyranose (sugar IV) and xylopyranose (sugar II) was formed with a low stereoselectivity a...
Inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway has been considered a novel therapeutic strategy to treat human cancers that harbor aberrantly-active STAT3. In this study, a series of small molecules were identified as novel inhibitors of STAT3 signaling pathway through virtual screening. A tricyclic s...
Indolo[2,3-α]carbazoles and the corresponding maleimides form two structurally related classes of compounds endowed with diverse biological activities. In the work we investigated the influence of sugar residue on the cytotoxicity and solubility of several aryl-indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c] carbazoles and the corresponding maleimides. The results ind...
Inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway has been considered a novel therapeutic strategy to treat human cancers that harbor aberrantly-active STAT3. In this study, nearly 204,000 compounds in Specs database were screened by virtual screening, and samples of top 100 compounds identified as candi...
Inspired by marine cyanobacterial natural products, we synthesized modified peptides with a central statine-core unit, characteristic for aspartic protease inhibition. A series of tasiamide B analogues inhibited BACE1, a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease. We probed the stereospecificity of target engagement and determined additional structu...
Silica gel and its supported acids have been used widely in organic synthesis. Based on our researches, their applications in carbohydrate chemistry are reviewed mainly focusing on the glycosylation, functional group transformation, and hydrolysis applications.
The earliest stage of influenza virus infection is the viral entry to the host cell. In our previous work, we discovered the first three small molecule H5N1 viral entry inhibitors 1–3. Here, based on saponin 3, methyl ursolate 3-O-β-chacotrioside, several analogs were synthesized and evaluated to understand the structure-activity relationships of t...
2-Deoxy-glycosides are monosaccharides in which the hydroxyl group at C-2 is replaced with a hydrogen atom. They exist widely in natural products and show various bioactivity. The recent advances in organic synthesis of 2-deoxy-glycosides are summarized mainly focusing on direct etherification, direct glycosidic bond formation, temporary protecting...
An efficient, convenient protocol for the preparation of per-O-acetylated p-tolylthio glycosides is described. Treatment of various unprotected sugars, including 2-deoxy-2-amino sugars, sialic acid, lactose, and maltose, with acetic anhydride using SnCl4 as a catalyst, and subsequently with p-tolylthiol, furnished the corresponding thioglycosides i...
The linear depsipeptide grassystatin A, a valuable probe for the study of cathepsin E function, has been synthesized by a [4+6] strategy. It exhibited specific inhibitory activity against cathepsin E with an IC(50) value of 0.8 nM. Our studies indicated that inhibition of cathepsin E did not have an impact on ovalbumin antigen processing and peptid...
The occurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 highlights the urgent need for new classes of antiviral drugs. Theoretically, each of steps in influenza viral life cycle can be a target of antiviral therapeutics. However, up to date, no licenced entry inhibitor drug is available for H5N1 or any other influenza viruses. Our strategy f...
The stereocontrolled synthesis of fully protected (2S,4S,6S)-2-amino-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-oxodecanoic acid was accomplished using a glutamate derivative as starting material. The key steps of this stereochemical synthetic pathway involved an Evans asymmetric alkylation, a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, and a Grignard reaction.
An efficient, chemoselective, and environment-friendly method for the deprotection of tert-butyldiphenylsilyl ethers mediated by triflic acid supported on silica gel is reported. A wide range of tert-butyldiphenylsilyl ethers derived from carbohydrate and saponin residues can be smoothly cleaved in the presence of various types of other protecting...
4,6-O-Benzylidenation of D-galactal with PhCH(OCH3)2 catalyzed by bromodimethylsulfonium bromide leads to methyl 2-dexoy-4,6-O-benzylidene galactopyranoside efficiently, which serves as a key intermediate to the ready preparation of 2,3- and 2,6-dideoxy galactopyranosides.
The synthesis and in-vitro biological evaluation of antifungal activities of a series of 1,2-trans glycosphingolipids (GSL) against Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis were described. The preliminary study indicated that the sort of sugar moiety of GSLs affected their antifungal activities and selectivities towards the th...
A new and efficient method for the preparation of 1,6-anhydro sugars using silica supported perchloric acid as a catalyst is described. The catalyst is heterogeneous and 1,6-anhydro sugars could be formed within a few minutes with good yields.
A facile and efficient method to differentiate the 2,3-diols of glucopyranosides based on 1,2-orthoesters strategy was developed. Stable thioglucosides were employed as the starting materials to prepare the corresponding 1,2-orthoesters. When treated with HCl aqueous solution and followed with Et(3)N, differentiation of the 2,3-diols was efficientl...
A series of novel oligorhamnoside derivatives (1-10) and naturally occurring cleistrioside-5 were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities. Among them, dirhamnoside derivative 7 and cleistrioside-5 displayed similar antibacterial profiles and exhibited moderate to good inhibitory activities on bacterial growth against a...
An improved synthesis of (2S, 4S)- and (2S, 4R)-2-amino-4-methyldecanoic acids was accomplished using a glutamate derivative as starting material and Evans' asymmetric alkylation as the decisive step. The NMR data of the two diastereomers were measured and compared with those of the natural product. As a result, the stereochemistry of this novel am...
The first synthesis of four natural triterpene saponins, which exhibit significant antitumor activities, was concisely achieved by adopting a stepwise glycosylation. The key intermediate 13 was afforded via Bu2SnO-mediated regioseletive benzoylation. During the preparation of the target compounds, it was found that the α-L-arabinopyranosyl unit in...
On the basis of the total synthesis of obyanamide, 20 analogues of this marine cyclic depsipeptide have been synthesized by (i) preparation of the tripeptide fragments in the western hemisphere using Z/OtBu protocol; (ii) preparation of the dipeptide fragments in the eastern hemisphere using Boc/OMe protocol; and (iii) fragments coupling, removal o...
Naphtho[2,1-α]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7(6H,12H)-dione (NPCD) is known to be a very potent and selective cyclin D1-CDK4 inhibitors and could induce strong G1 phase arrest in breast tumor cell lines. In this work, the synthesis of five NPCD glycosides and their cytotoxic activities against eight tumor cell lines are presented, as well as the invest...
A convenient synthesis of the core trisaccharide of the N-glycans was described. Orthogonal one-pot glycosylation of three monosaccharide building blocks was performed to furnish β-glucosyl chitobiose, which was then transformed to β-mannosyl chitobiose by intramolecular epimerization of the C-2 position of the β-glucoside. The key glucosyl donor 7...
The Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infected macaque model exhibits neuropathological symptoms similar to those of HIV(+) patients, and is ideal for studying cognitive impairment and neuropathological sequelae of disease in repeated measurements. The aim of this study is to use Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and perfusion MRI to longitudinally...