Yin-Ping Wong

Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) | HUKM · Department of Pathology

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global public health crisis, causing substantial concern especially to the pregnant population. Pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at greater risk of devastating pregnancy complic...

Neonates born with the fetal inflammatory response (FIR) are at risk of complications such as early-onset neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. Providing an early histopathological diagnosis of FIR is important to guide management but can be a challenge in busy laboratories. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study over a four-month dura...

Background Excitotoxicity-induced in vivo injury models are vital to reflect the pathophysiological features of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in humans. The duration and concentration of chemical treatment controls the extent of neuronal cell damage. The extent of injury is explained in relation to locomotor and behavioural activity. Several SCI i...

Secondary malignancies following radiotherapy are well documented, with an estimated incidence of 5%. These may manifest as carcinomas, gliomas, or sarcomas within the previous radiation field. Glioblastoma multiforme following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an uncommon occurrence and carries a poor prognosis, whereas papillary thyroi...

Accumulating data indicates that enhancer of zeste homology 2 (EZH2) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are implicated in promoting tumourigenesis in a myriad of malignancies including gliomas. We aimed to determine the immunoexpression of EZH2 in gliomas and its correlation with clinicopathological variables. The prognostic value of the combine...

The association between maternal COVID-19 infection, placental histomorphology and perinatal outcomes is uncertain. The published studies on how placental structure is affected after SARS-CoV-2 virus in COVID-19-infected pregnant women are lacking. We investigated the effects of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on placental histomorphology and pregnan...

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an aggressive pediatric round cell sarcoma containing a characteristic EWSR1-WT1 gene fusion. In the absence of genetic data, distinguishing DSRCT from other small round cell tumors of childhood can be problematic due to overlapping histologic and immunohistochemical features. We studied the utility of...

Introduction: Cyclophilin A was reported to be increased in the serum of mothers with preeclampsia, and is implicated in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the expression of cyclophilin A in the placenta of mothers with and without hypertension, and to correlate its expression with maternal complications and adverse perinatal outcomes...

Mucosal prolapse syndrome is also known as solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. It may either presents as an ulcer or polyp, which could mimic other pathological lesions such as juvenile polyp, hyperplastic polyp, adenomatous polyp, polyp related inflammatory bowel disease and adenocarcinoma. It can pose as a diagnostic challenge to both the surgeons an...

Background: Chorioamnionitis complicates about 1-5% of deliveries at term and causes about one-third of stillbirths. CXC-chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) binds IL-8 with high affinity and regulates neutrophil recruitment. We aimed to determine the immunoexpression of CXCR1 in placentas with chorioamnionitis, and its association with adverse perinatal...

A myriad of histological variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have been described, some of which can be diagnostically challenging due to their rarity and overlapping histomorphology with other entities. One of the scarce and poorly characterised variants is PTC with spindle cell metaplasia, of which fewer than 20 cases have been reported...

Introduction Gardnerella vaginalis (GV)-associated bacterial vaginosis is recognised for its detrimental effects on pregnancy resulting in poor obstetric and neonatal outcomes. There is limited knowledge of the effects on placental histomorphology following GV infection in pregnancy. We investigated the effects of GV infection on the placenta, part...

This study focused on the encapsulation of vancomycin (VAN) into liposomes coated with a red blood cell membrane with a targeting ligand, daptomycin–polyethylene glycol–1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DAPT-PEG-DSPE), formed by conjugation of DAPT and N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-polyethylene glycol-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethan...

Introduction: Hydatidiform moles (HMs) include complete and partial moles, are the result of abnormal fertilisation. The accurate classification of HMs and its distinction from non-molar specimens is utmost important for clinical management and risk assessment. It is diagnostically challenging if the distinction is based solely on histomorphology...

Treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) currently consists of lifestyle modifications such as a low-fat diet, weight loss, and exercise. The gut microbiota forms part of the gut–liver axis and serves as a potential target for NAFLD treatment. We investigated the effect of probiotics on hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and biochemical bl...

Background:Candida chorioamnionitis is rarely encountered, even though vulvovaginal candidiasis incidence is about 15%. Interestingly, it has characteristic gross and histological findings on the umbilical cord that are not to be missed. Case Report: We report two cases of Candida chorioamnionitis with presence of multiple yellowish and red spots o...

A 39-year-old man presented with bilateral nasal obstruction for 4 months and associated with hyposmia and foul-smelling nasal discharge. Nasal endoscopy showed irregular mucosa of the nasal cavity with easily bleeding. Nasal biopsy reported as extranodal Natural Killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type. In-situ hybridisation for Epstein-Barr encoding re...

Heterotopic ossification (HO), a synonym for osseous metaplasia, is a pathological phenomenon, characterized by abnormal bone formation outside the skeletal system observed commonly in various neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. HO occurring in meningioma is exceptionally rare. We reportherein an unusual case of spinal meningioma containing num...

IntroductionIgA nephropathy (IgAN) has a heterogeneous presentation and the progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD) is often influenced by demographics, ethnicity, as well as choice of treatment regimen. In this study, we investigated the long term survival of IgAN patients in our center and the factors affecting it.Methods This study include...

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a devastating lung disorder of preterm infants as a result of an aberrant reparative response following exposures to various antenatal and postnatal insults. Despite sophisticated medical treatment in this modern era, the incidence of BPD remains unabated. The current strategies to prevent and treat BPD have met...

Background: The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama reporting system was recently proposed to serve as a standardized diagnostic platform for the cytological interpretation of breast fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Five cytological categories were suggested, linked to a certain risk of malignancy (ROM). The aim of this study was...

Background: Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is most frequently associated with bacterial vaginosis and is the second most common etiology causing intrauterine infection after Ureaplasma urealyticum . Intrauterine GV infection adversely affects pregnancy outcomes, resulting in preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, and neonatal pneumonia. The knowledge...

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has inflicted a serious health crisis globally. This virus is associated with a spectrum of respiratory illness ranging from asymptomatic, mild to severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Accu...

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, and its incidence is on the rise. A small fraction of cancer stem cells was identified within the tumour bulk, which are regarded as cancer-initiating cells, possess self-renewal and propagation potential, and a key driver for tumour heterogeneity and disease pr...

Introduction: Yolk sac tumour (YST) or endodermal sinus tumour is rare and typically seen in gonads. Case report: We described a case of extragonadal vaginal YST in a one year and seven months old girl who presented with vaginal discharge and bleeding, and discuss its differential diagnosis and potential pitfalls in immunohistochemistry. She was...

Endometrial carcinoma is the only gynaecologic malignancy with a raising incidence and mortality, posing a major health concern worldwide. The upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumour cells causes T-cell suppression, which impedes antitumour immunity, promotes immune cell evasion and enhances tumour survival. The aim of this stud...

Cardiac rhabdomyoma is the most prevalent cardiac tumours in the paediatric population, in close association with tuberous sclerosis complex. It is usually detected antenatally or postnatally by echocardiography. Clinical presentations depend greatly on the size and position of the tumour mass. Interestingly, rhabdomyoma has a propensity to regress...

Introduction: The polycistronic miR-302 cluster encodes five miRNA genes that have an important role in the regulation of embryonic stem cell function. Studies showed that the miR-302 cluster can reprogram both mouse and human fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with high efficiency. The aim of this study was to generate an induc...

Introduction: Occult primary breast carcinoma (OBC) manifesting as axillary nodal metastasis without an identifiable breast primary is exceptionally rare. It continues to pose a diagnostic challenge to pathologists. Here, we report a case of OBC with emphasis on the usefulness of immunohistochemistry to determine the primary site of tumour. Case...

Introduction: Umbilical cord abnormalities include short cord, long cord, knots, hyper-coiling, hypo-coiling, stricture, single umbilical artery, supernumerary umbilical vessels, cystic and vascular malformation, and abnormal insertion of cord like velamentous and furcate insertions. We report a case of intrauterine death in a fetus with multiple...

Tuberculosis is a public health problem that can cause extrapulmonary infections, including urogenital infections. We report here the case of a 29-year old female with a 2-year history of dysuria and hematuria treated with multiple courses of antibiotics with urine cultures all negative. She was then diagnosed with IgA nephropathy based on a renal...

Introduction: Androgen receptor (AR) is the most frequently expressed biomarker in all subtypes of breast carcinoma. Triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) is breast carcinoma that lacks oestrogen and progesterone receptors immunoexpression as well as absence of HER2/neu gene amplification. This makes targeted therapy not feasible in this cancer...

Background: Differentiating reactive mesothelial cells from metastatic carcinoma in effusion cytology is a challenging task. The application of at least 4 monoclonal antibodies including 2 epithelial markers (Ber-EP4, MOC-31, CEA, or B72.3) and 2 mesothelial markers (calretinin, WT-1, CK5/6, or HBME-1) are often useful in this distinction; however...

Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is a facultatively anaerobic gram-variable bacillus and is the major organism involved in bacterial vaginosis. GV-associated bacterial vaginosis has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes include preterm parturition and subclinical chorioamnionitis. Inflammatory response induced by GV presents paediatric problems...

Aim: The aim of our study was to determine the endocan-1 expression in placenta of hypertensive women, and its association with maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study consisted of 21 pregnant women with hypertension and 23 without hypertension. The gestational age ranged from 28 to 39 weeks (hypertensive) and 32 t...

Xanthomatous changes can be observed in various conditions including primary xanthomatosis that is linked to an underlying hypercholesterolemia and more commonly associated with secondary xanthomatous degenerative processes in neoplasm and chronic inflammation. Meningioma with extensive xanthomatous change is exceedingly rare. The presence of chole...

Metastatic disease involving the thyroid gland is uncommon. Solitary thyroid metastases from various primary sites particularly kidney, lung, and breast had been previously described. To the best of our knowledge, metastases from two topographically separate primary malignancies to the thyroid have never been documented hitherto. This is the first...

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) particularly testicular origin is a rare benign mesenchymal myxoid tumor which is locally aggressive, blatant for local recurrence, and may metastasize. It occurs mostly in females of childbearing age and extremely rare in males. AMM particular testicular origin is not reported in literature yet. This is a 65-year-old m...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer and its precursors. Increased expression of high-risk hrHPV viral oncogenes in abnormal cells might increase the expression of p16INK4a. We aimed to determine the role of p16INK4a in detecting hrHPV-transformed epithelial cells in liquid-based cervical cytology, and compared the res...

Oxyphilic (oncocytic) parathyroid lesions are very uncommon and their cytological features are rarely described. Due to the similarities in anatomical location and indistinguishable cytomorphological features, these lesions are easily confused with neoplastic and non-neoplastic thyroid lesions on fine needle aspiration (FNA). The diagnosis becomes...

Non-necrotic epithelioid granulomas have been reported in association with neoplasms including Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We report a case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma with chronic granulomatous inflammation to highlight awareness of obscure tumour cells within the granuloma, to avoid delay in diagnosis and management of lymphoma. A 39-y...

Overexpression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) is frequently associated with germ cell tumours, especially choriocarcinoma. Ectopic secretion of β-hCG by non-small cell lung cancer is exceptional. We present an exceedingly rare case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma that secretes β-hCG. Our patient is a 62-year-old postmenopausal woman, a no...

Pilomatricomas can be confidently diagnosed cytologically due to their characteristic cytomorphological features. However, these lesions are rarely encountered by cytopathologists and thus pose a diagnostic dilemma to even experienced individuals, especially when the lesions are focally sampled. We describe two cases of histologically confirmed pil...

Hurthle cells are not uncommonly encountered in thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears. They are easily recognized by their distinct cytomorphology in cytological preparations, i.e. large, polygonal cells displaying uniform, rounded nuclei, often prominent nucleoli and abundant granular cytoplasm. Hurthle cells can be seen in both no...

Follicular lymphoma is characterised by the t(14;18)(q32;q21) chromosomal translocation causing BCL2 protein overexpression. A proportion of follicular lymphomas do not carry the t(14;18) translocation and lacked BCL2 protein expression. We describe a case of a BCL2 protein- and t(14;18)-negative follicular lymphoma that caused diagnostic difficult...

Dendritic fibromyxolipoma (DFML), a rare, recently described distinct benign soft tissue tumor, has many clinicopathological features reminiscent of spindle cell lipoma and solitary fibrous tumor with myxoid change. It is distinguished histologically from both entities by the presence of spindle and stellate cells with dendritic cytoplasmic prolong...

Management of patients with stage II colorectal carcinomas remains challenging as 20 - 30% of them will develop recurrence. It is postulated that these patients may harbour nodal micrometastases which are imperceptible by routine histopathological evaluation. The aims of our study were to evaluate (1) the feasibility of multilevel sectioning method...

Animal inflicted wounds, left untreated may result in chronic bacterial or fungal infection. Clinical features of these infections may overlap leading to a delay in diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of chronic non-healing cat bite wound treated with several antibiotics without improvement. Later patient developed the classical "sporotrichoi...