Yasuhiro Tsukamoto

Kyoto Prefectural University · Animal hygiene

Influenza is a major cause of respiratory tract infection. Although most cases do not require further hospitalization, influenza periodically causes epidemics in humans that can potentially infect and kill millions of people. To countermeasure this threat, new vaccines need to be developed annually to match emerging influenza viral strains with inc...

SC1 is a cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily; this molecule was initially purified from the chick embryonic nervous system and was reported to exhibit homophilic adhesion activity. SC1 is transiently expressed in various organs during development and has been identified in numerous neoplastic tissues, including lun...

Involvement of Gicerin, a Cell Adhesion Molecule, in the Hematogenous Metastatic Activities of a Melanoma Cell Line Naoki Kirimura, Yuka Kubota, Hatsuki Shiba, Kazuhide Adachi, Yasuhiro Tsukamoto Abstract Gicerin is an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule that plays a role in development via its cell adhesive activities. After maturat...

Double Infections with Avian A/H5N1 and Swine A/H1N1 Influenza Viruses in Chickens Kazuhide Adachi, Tomoya Kato, Naoki Kirimura, Yuka Kubota, Hatsuki Shiba, Retno Damajanti Soejoedono, Ekowati Handharyani, Yasuhiro Tsukamoto Abstract The rapid outbreak of the highly pathogenic A/H5N1 avian influenza virus among domestic birds and its transmission...

The most effective method for the prevention of influenza infection would be prophylaxis with a safe and effective vaccine and anti-viral materials. After vaccination, neutralizing antibodies are generated by plasma cells following various immune responses, thus resulting in protection against an infectious agent expressing the same antigens. Howev...

There is worldwide concern over the possibility of a new influenza pandemic originating from the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses. We herein demonstrate that functional air filters impregnated with ostrich antibodies against the hemagglutinin of the H5N1 virus protect chickens from death by H5N1 transmission. These results suggest tha...

SC1 is an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule purified from the Gallus gallus spinal cord. SC1 is present in embryonic tissues and plays a role in chick development through its cell adhesive property. Interestingly, increased SC1 expression is observed in some sporadic tumours of the chicken, including Marek's disease-induced lymphoma...

An outbreak of influenza in 2009 was found to be caused by a novel strain of influenza virus designated as pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009. Vaccination with recent seasonal influenza vaccines induced little or no cross-reactive antibody response to the pandemic influenza virus A/H1N1 2009 in any age group in human populations. Accordingly, most peop...

Gicerin, an Ig-superfamily cell adhesion molecule, has homophilic adhesion activity, thus leading to the formation of gicerin aggregates. Gicerin is highly expressed in various embryonic tissues, and it contributes to development through its adhesive activities. In contrast, the expression of the protein is limited to the muscular tissues and endot...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule in the immunoglobulin superfamily. This molecule has homophilic and heterophilic adhesive activities, binding to the neurite out-growth factor (NOF). We have previously reported that gicerin plays an important role in the development and regeneration as well as in the metastasis of tumors through its adhesive act...

Gicerin, an Ig-superfamily cell adhesion molecule, has homophilic adhesion activity, thus leading to the formation of gicerin aggregates. Gicerin is highly expressed in various embryonic tissues, and it contributes to development through its adhesive activities. In contrast, the expression of the protein is limited to the muscular tissues and endot...

There is worldwide concern over the possibility of a new influenza pandemic originating from the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses. We herein demonstrate that functional air filters impregnated with ostrich antibodies against the hemagglutinin of the H5N1 virus protect chickens from death by H5N1 transmission. These results suggest tha...

Chickens suffering from avian flu caused by H5N1 influenza virus are destined to die within 2 days due to a systemic inflammatory response. Since HVJ infection (1,2) and influenza virus infection (3,4) cause infected cells to activate homologous serum complement, the systemic inflammatory response elicited could be attributed to the unlimited gener...

The rapid outbreak of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus and its transmission to humans have induced world-wide fears of a new influenza pandemic. The most effective method for the reduction of the impact of such a pandemic would be prophylaxis with a safe and effective vaccine, as well as anti-viral materials. In this study, we gener...

SC1, an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule, is expressed in embryonic tissues and plays an important role in development through its cell adhesive activity. SC1 is also found in a variety of tumors and its expression is associated with a poor prognosis. The expressional patterns of SC1 were examined in sporadic cases of canine mammar...

Gicerin, an Ig-superfamily cell adhesion molecule, appears transiently in embryonic tissues including those of the nervous, urogenital, respiratory and digestive systems, and it promotes neurite extension, cell migration and epithelialization through its cell adhesive activities. In addition, gicerin also reappears in regenerating tissue after suff...

Rats of the Jcl: Wistar-TgN (ARGHGEN) 1Nts strain (Mini rats) are transgenic animals carrying an antisense RNA transgene for rat growth hormone (GH); they show poor somatic growth and a low blood GH level compared to age-matched wild-type Wistar (non-Mini) rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate age-related changes in growth hormo...

Calbindin-D28K (Ca-D28K) is a calcium-binding protein. In the kidney, Ca-D28K is present in the distal nephron, but not in the proximal nephron. This site-specific distribution in the kidney indicates that Ca-D28K is a potential marker for the differentiation of the distal nephron. In this study, we have examined the expression of Ca-D28K in 25 spo...

Bisphenol-A (BPA) has been reported to bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and also to act as a xenoestrogen on the reproductive system of many species. In our previous study, a high dose of BPA disturbed the growth of the comb and testes of male chickens. In this study, the exposure of relatively low doses of BPA on the growth of the male chicken p...

SC1, an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule, is transiently expressed during avian embryogenesis by a variety of cell types. This molecule has a homophilic binding activity with SC1 itself and promotes neurite projection from embryonic neurons. However, the potential role of this molecule in pathologic tissue specimens from chickens h...

Gicerin, a cell adhesion molecule, is expressed in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sciatic nerves during chick development. This molecule re-appears in these tissues after an injury to the sciatic nerve. In the present study, we investigated the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the regenerating sciatic nerve of chicks and the effects of NG...

Gicerin/CD146 is a cell adhesion molecule, which belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. We have reported that it has a homophilic binding activity, which participates in the neurite extension from embryonic neurons. To elucidate how gicerin is involved in the neurite extension mechanism, we employed PC12 cells, which expresses gicerin/CD14...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule, which has five immunoglobulin-like loop structures in an extracellular domain followed by a single transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. We have reported that gicerin participates in neurite extension and structural organization of the nervous system, and its expression in the nervous system is high...

We studied the change in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis upon adding prior toluene inhalation to our previous formaldehyde inhalation experiments to determine whether short term exposure to relatively high levels of toluene triggers multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). Data come from immunocytochemical, morphometrical and RT-PCR...

We have observed growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-immunoreactive (ir) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), somatostatin (SS)-ir neurons in the periventricular nucleus (PeN), and pituitary growth hormone (GH)-ir cells in female C57BL/6J mice at 2 months old (2 M), 4, 12 and 23 M, using immunocytochemical and morphometric methods. The number...

We examine the effect on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis of prolonged exposure to low levels of formaldehyde in female C3H/He mice, using immunocytochemical and RT-PCR methods. Two groups of female mice were exposed to differing concentrations (0, 80, 400, 2000 ppb) of formaldehyde inhalation for 16 h/day, 5 days/week, for 12 we...

A transplantable tumour (RY) and cell lines (RY-PB and clone RY-B-E3 isolated from RY-PB) were established from a naturally occurring endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) found in a 24-month-old female F344 rat. The primary tumour and RY tumours, which had been serially passaged in syngeneic female rats up to the 10th generation, consisted of spindle...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule of an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily isolated from a chicken. It shows homophilic and heterophilic binding activities and has two isoforms. s-Gicerin which has small cytoplasmic domain and the same extracellular domain as l-gicerin shows stronger cell adhesion activity. In the chick nervous system, gicerin expre...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It has both a homophilic binding activity and a heterophilic binding activity to neurite outgrowth factor (NOF) a molecule belonging to the laminin family. We have reported many studies on the heterophilic activity of gicerin and NOF, but the function of its homophilic...

Using immunocytochemical and morphometric methods, we examine changes with age of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), changes of somatostatin (SS) in the periventricular nucleus (PeN) of the hypothalamus, and changes of growth hormone (GH) cells in the anterior pituitary in male C57BL/6J mice at 2 months old (2 M),...

Gicerin, an immunoglobulin superfamily protein, is expressed abundantly in the embryonic tissues and plays an important role in development through its cell adhesive activity. Interestingly, re-expression of gicerin is found in a variety of tumors. In the present study, the possible role of gicerin in the progression of mammary carcinoma was invest...

Gicerin is an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule purified from chicken gizzards. This molecule displays an adhesive interaction with a laminin-like protein as well as with gicerin itself. Gicerin appears in embryonic tissues and plays a role in chick development through its cell adhesive properties. An increase in gicerin expression...

We have examined the role of gicerin, an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule, in chick sciatic nerves during development and regeneration. Gicerin was expressed in the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sciatic nerves in embryos, but declined after hatching. Neurite extensions from explant cultures of the DRG were promoted on...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and plays an important role during development through its adhesive properties. Gicerin has two isoforms that differ in their cytoplasmic domains; s-gicerin is the shorter and l-gicerin the longer form of the protein. Gicerin is over-expressed in some sporadic tumors as well...

Transplantable tumor (KE) and clone cell (KE-F11) lines were established from a spontaneous malignant schwannoma found in an aged F344 rat. The primary tumor and KE tumors consisted of oval or spindle cells arranged in ill-defined bundles. Cultured KE-F11 cells exhibited polygonal or spindle configurations. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells i...

The adverse effect of estrogenic chemicals on luteinizing hormone-immunoreactive (LH-ir) cells in the adenohypophysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was examined using immunocytochemical and morphometric methods. Adult male fish were collected from two contaminated sites (Ishizu and Wada Rivers) and from a control pond at Agriculture, Food and En...

Pituitary glands of chicken, from stages 20 (70 approximately 72 h of incubation) to 46 (20 days) of Hamburger and Hamilton (1951), were studied by immunocytochemical and histological stainings and India ink injection into blood vessels. Using the distribution pattern of 6 types of immunoreactive adenohypophyseal cells and the location of pituitary...

Bisphenol-A (BPA) has been reported to have some xenoestrogenic effects on the reproductive system of male animals. In this study, we examined the growth of combs and testes of the male chickens exposed to BPA. White leghorn male chicks were administered 200 mg BPA orally every week from 2 wk of age. The combs and testes were examined at 16 wk of a...

To study the effect of estrogenic chemicals on fish, the gonadosomatic index (GSI = [testis weight/body weight] x 100) and testis histology of mature common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from 2 contaminated sites (Ishizu and Wada rivers, Osaka) and a control site were examined between June 1998 and March 2001. The concentration of nonylphenol, bisphenol A...

A transplantable tumor line (KB) was established in syngeneic rats from a naturally occurring sarcoma that had arisen in the thymus of a 24-month-old male F344 rat. Further, a cell line (KB-P) was induced from KB and a cloned cell line (KB-D8) was isolated from KB-P. The primary thymic tumor and KB tumors showed heterogeneous histological growth pa...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. To study the functional differences between l- and s-gicerin, we first examined the distribution of endogenous gicerin in B16 cells and found that l-gicerin was densely localized in microvilli. To clarify the relationship between gicerin and the microvilli, we establis...

The expression and adhesive activities of gicerin, a cell adhesion protein, in the pock lesions on chicken chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) infected with an avian poxvirus were studied. In normal CAMs, gicerin was found on the flattened epithelial cells, and neurite outgrowth factor (NOF) was in the basement membrane. However, in the pock lesions on...

Serum macromolecules are transported through the vascular endothelial layer to the interstitium via the caveolae and interendothelial clefts, but the nature of the permeability of these structures is unknown, and the manner of caveola-vesicle transport is controversial. We have developed a method of detecting macromolecular channels using an in sit...

Neurite outgrowth factor (NOF) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein in the laminin family and its ligand, gicerin, is a novel cell adhesion molecule in the immunoglobulin superfamily. Gicerin has a homophilic adhesive activity as well as a heterotypic manner to NOF. In the nervous systems, gicerin is expressed during developmental stage when ne...

With future exploration of macrophage properties in mind, we established a novel cell line (HS-P) from a transplantable histiocytic sarcoma, derived originally from a tumour in an aged F344 rat. HS-P was subjected to 70 serial passages, in which the mean doubling time was 15.7 h. The cells, which were round, oval or polygonal in shape, were arrange...

We clarify the mechanism of sexual dimorphism of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and somatostatin (SS) neurons in periventricular nucleus (PeN), by studying the role of the gonads during the neonatal period and after puberty using immunohistochemical and morphometric methods. As in our previous works the...

Seasonal changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-testes axis of the Japanese wood mice (Apodemus speciosus) were studied. The testes, epididymis, pituitary and hypothalamus were compared between mice in the breeding season (July) and non-breeding season (October) using morphological techniques, and the plasma testosterone level was evaluated by enzyme...

To pursue the histogenesis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), of which the cell of origin is still debated, a monoclonal antibody (A3) was produced against a rat MFH-derived cloned cell line (MT-8). Antigen recognized by A3 was around 80 kDa in molecular weight and was seen on the cytoplasmic membrane of MT-8 cells by immunoelectron microscop...

The kinetics of T-cells (CD3 positive (+), CD4+ and CD8+ cells) and B-cells (IgG+, IgM+ and IgA+ cells) in chicken trachea were studied immunohistochemically and histopathologically following an intratracheal inoculation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Viral antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of tracheal epithelium from 16 hr to 6 days pos...

The monoclonal antibody AM-3K, which was developed using human pulmonary macrophages as the immunogen, immunocytochemically labels most human macrophages except for blood monocytes and dendritic cell populations. AM-3K also shows cross-reactivity in some animal species. To evaluate the usefulness of AM-3K, the present study investigated the detaile...

All stages of degeneration and regeneration in chicken tracheal epithelium were studied morphologically following an intratracheal inoculation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Viral antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of tracheal epithelium from 1 to 7 days post-inoculation (d.p.i.) with a peak on 3 d.p.i. At 1 d.p.i., almost all epithelial...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is expressed abundantly during development in the nervous system. It has homophilic cell adhesion activity and also has heterophilic binding activity with NOF (neurite outgrowth factor) and mediates neurite extension. There are two isoforms of gicerin, one with a short (...

Cultured chick embryonic fibroblasts formed syncytia after infection with avian reovirus (ARV) strain 58-132. Mitotic figures were occasionally observed within the syncytia. In addition, many nuclei in the syncytia incorporated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a DNA replication marker, indicating that they were in the S-phase of the cell cycle. Thes...

Silver plumage color mutant (B/B) quail has an abnormal retina characterizing the transdifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) following the retinal separation in the early developmental stage. In the present study; (i) the expression of gicerin, an immunoglobulin-superfamily cell adhesion molecule, was examined in the retina of B/B qua...

Gicerin is a novel cell adhesion molecule in the immunoglobulin superfamily and has both homophilic adhesion and heterophilic adhesive activity to neurite outgrowth factor (NOF), an extracellular matrix protein in the laminin family. We investigated the possible involvement of gicerin in oviductal development, regeneration, and metastasis of oviduc...

We examine sexual dimorphism in growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), and somatostatin (SS) in the periventricular nucleus (PeN) of the hypothalamus, and investigate when it becomes evident. Using immunohistochemical staining and morphometry, we observed ARC GHRH-immunoreactive (ir) neurons, ARC SS-ir neurons and PeN...

A 6-year-old, male Great Pyrenean dog was hospitalized with a 1-year history of intermittent anorexia, weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, exercise intolerance, and intermittent mild diarrhea. Hematological examinations revealed anemia, leukocytosis, azotemia, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia. Endocrine assays indicated a diagnosis of primary hypoadre...

Tumours of uterine smooth muscle are poorly understood neoplasms in which the effects of steroid sex hormones are complex. The influence of progesterone and oestrogen on a transplantable rat uterine smooth muscle tumour line (SMT-Y) was investigated. Female F344 rats given subcutaneous transplants of tumour fragments developed tumours, 1.5-2 cm in...

Renal interstitial fibrosis was induced in rats by chronic unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). To identify the mechanisms behind the fibrosis, macrophage influx, myofibroblast involvement, and the localization of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta, a fibrogenic cytokine) were investigated immunohistochemically in rats euthanatized at 0 (c...

Gicerin, a cell-adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, has both homophilic and heterophilic binding activities to neurite outgrowth factor, an extracellular matrix molecule in the laminin family. Gicerin is thought to play a role in the normal development of chicken kidney, because it is expressed abundantly in the embryonic...

Gicerin is a cell adhesion molecule of an immunoglobulin superfamily member and transiently expressed on the surface of neurons such as retinal ganglion cells during synaptogenesis. Gicerin is a receptor for NOF (neurite outgrowth factor) that belongs to the laminin family, and mediates neurite extension induced by NOF. As we have reported, gicerin...

A transplantable tumour line (SS) was established in syngeneic rats from a spontaneous fibrosarcoma that had arisen in the submandibular salivary gland of a 24-month-old male F344 rat. A cell line (SS-P) was induced from SS, and a cloned cell line (SS-A3-1) was isolated from SS-P. The primary tumour consisted of oval to spindle-shaped cells arrange...

Liver regeneration is accompanied by a series of profound changes in hepatocyte gene expression. Similar changes in gene expression occur when hepatocytes are placed in primary culture. In the present study, we wished to determine the in vitro patterns of gene expression for several different functional classes of hepatocyte genes, and whether the...

Gicerin is a novel cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Gicerin protein adheres to neurite outgrowth factor (NOF), an extracellular matrix protein in the laminin family, and also exhibits homophilic adhesion. Heterophilic adhesion of gicerin to NOF is thought to play an active role in neurite outgrowth of developin...

Gicerin is a novel cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin super-family. In this study, we examined the relationship between the expression of gicerin, and the regenerating process of collecting ducts and ureters of chickens with interstitial nephritis caused by a nephrotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Immunohistoc...

A cell line (KMY-J) was established from a transplantable tumor (MM-KMY) derived from a spontaneous malignant meningioma arising in an aged F344 rat, and three cloned cell lines (KMY-1, KMY-2 and KMY-3) were induced from the parent KMY-J. Morphologically, KMY-J and tumors induced in syngeneic rats by KMY-J showed cell pleomorphism. All neoplastic c...

Gicerin is a novel cell adhesion protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Gicerin protein adheres to neurite outgrowth factor, an extracellular matrix protein in the laminin family, and also exhibits homophilic adhesion. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of gicerin and neurite outgrowth factor in tracheal developm...

The time course of cell proliferation of collecting ducts and ureter epithelium in the regenerating process were investigated in 3-week-old chickens inoculated intravenously with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Histopathologically, collecting ducts and ureter epithelia showed severe degenerative changes from 3 to 4 days post-ino...

Neurite outgrowth factor, which promotes neurite extension from neuronal cells, is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein belonging to the laminin family. Gicerin is a protein that binds neurite outgrowth factor. Its cDNA cloning has revealed that it is a novel cell adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin super-family. Functional analysis d...

A 7-month-old male Pomeranian had severe dyspnea for 2 weeks. The lateral bronchogram showed a stenosis of the trachea. Inspite of supportive therapy including supplemental oxygen, the dog died 5 days later. Six pedunculated nodules were recognized in the mucosal surface of the trachea at necropsy. The tracheal nodules were histopathologically gran...