Yannick Lung

University of Bordeaux · Department of Social and Human Sciences

Ce chapitre caractérise les conditions d’émergence d'un pôle automobile à Tanger (Maroc) autour de l’arrivée du constructeur français, en s’intéressant à la façon dont interagissent localement les stratégies des firmes et de l’État marocain. Ce pôle émerge au sein d’une structure productive peu susceptible, il y a quelques années encore, d’entrer d...

The authors have put together a fascinating narrative of the creation process of one of the most successful example of frugal engineering in recent years. They bring out insightful details of what managerial, organizational and technological pathways were taken to come up with a disruptive innovation that has the potential to change the entry-level...

L’innovation, c’est généralement la sophistication des produits, l’incorporation de technologies apporteuses de performances plus pointues, mais aussi de coûts. Cette innovation naît dans les pays les plus avancés et se déploie progressivement par dérivées successives vers les pays émergents ou en développement. Deux grands mouvements stratégiques,...

A partir d'une analyse comparative de la gestion des projets de voiture « low cost » Logan et Kwid engagés par Renault, l'article vise à comprendre la stratégie Entry qui transforme profondément le constructeur automobile français sur la base d'une démarche de plus en plus explicite d'innovation inversée et une systématisation du design-to-cost, au...

Le document analyse l'émergence de nouveaux clusters d'automobile dans la région de Tanger (Maroc) associée à l'emplacement d'une usine de montage Renault en 2012. Il est basé sur une enquête réalisée par une équipe de chercheurs français et marocains. Il examine les conditions de l'emplacement du constructeur automobile français, à la croisée de s...

Within the framework of a political economy approach, the paper analyses the social construction of both markets and illnesses in the field of mental health, linked with the recent debates associated to the publication of the latter classification of mental disorders (DSM-5). Illustrated by the example of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorde...

This paper analyzes how multiproject management can build up and develop a low-end disruptive strategy. It is based on a deep longitudinal analysis of a case within the automotive industry, namely the Logan case developed by the Renault group. The results bring new insights into both the multiproject management and innovation strategy fields. On th...

The paper identifies 5 stylized facts to characterize the geographic distribution of innovative activities in France (mainly its high concentration in the region Ile-de-France). It proposes an original model of regional growth in a knowledge-based economy considering the density of RD activities and the connectivity to the other regions. The model...

Cet article explore la littérature concernant la manière d’appréhender le changement organisationnel des firmes. Une première partie explicite les trois grands facteurs explicatifs du changement organisationnel : rivalité concurrentielle, changement technologique et évolution du contexte institutionnel. La deuxième partie s’intéresse à la manière d...

L'idée que la concentration géographique est essentielle au processus d'innovation est largement admise. Or, ce lien n'est pas clairement établi et il convient de réinterroger les relations entre communication, localisation et processus d'innovation. Cet article s'attache à le faire en privilégiant une entrée par les dynamiques de proximité, c'est-...

The paper presents the main results and conclusion of the European project ESEMK (FP6, Priority 7) discussing the variety of capitalism within the European Union (2004-08). In Part 1 is abstracted the methodological framework, articulating the macro levels (diversity of socio-economic models or forms of capitalism), the micro level of firms (produc...

The multi-faceted concept of proximity is often used nowadays in many theoretical and empirical analyses. It mainly originates in some French regional scientists' attempt, in the early 1990s, to develop new conceptual and methodological avenues with a view to the study of the industrial and spatial dynamics. The wide diffusion of the resulting rese...

The paper proposes a comparative analysis of the development of the automotive industry in Morocco and Tunisia. In its first part, it analyses the convergence in the forms of international integration, oriented towards a subcontracting towards European Union, which leads to competition and also complementarities between these two countries. The rol...

Although the idea that geographical concentration is essential to the process of innovation is generally taken for granted, the link is not clearly established and the relationships between communication, location and the innovation process need deeper analysis. This article attempts to do so by addressing the "dynamics of proximity", in other word...

Models of firm and variety of capitalism: Thinking diversity as an agenda for régulation theory. The paper proposes to focus the research agenda of the régulation theory on the synchronic diversity of institutional forms articulating different levels of analysis (micro, meso, macro). Part 1 concerns relationships between institution and organizatio...

Analyzing the multinational firms’ strategies (car and component makers), changes in automotive production and trade in the area, the paper discusses the hypothesis of the emergence of a fuzzy automobile space within the Mediterranean area. The Mediterranean automobile space cannot be described as an autonomous space, but as an intermediary level b...

The paper proposes to focus the research agenda of the régulation theory on the synchronic diversity of institutional forms articulating different levels of analysis (micro, meso, macro). Part 1 concerns relationships between institution and organization, discussing the isomorphism hypothesis and underlying coupling micro / macro approaches of the...

The paper analyses how carmakers integrate the Southern America Cone into their worldwide strategies: As a local emerging market? As a source for production and exports towards industrialised countries? As a source for design and export to other emerging markets? The discussion about Mercosur’s place in the carmakers’ internationalisation strategie...

The paper analyses the evolution of the automotive industry in the Mediterranean area during the last years. First part focuses on the impacts for this region of the geographical changes of the European automotive systems associated to location of multinational automotive firms in CEEC. This leads to difficulties for the automobile countries of the...

Configurations régionales des dynamiques d'innovation et performances des régions françaises Résumé Le papier s'attache à caractériser les configurations des dynamiques d'innovation des régions françaises en mobilisant la méthodologie de l'approche en termes de systèmes sociaux d'innovation et de production développée par Amable, Barré et Boyer. Le...

Actes du GERPISA (Université d'Evry val d'Essonne)

The paper compares the research agendas of two different approaches of a meso-analysis which could combine industrial and spatial dynamics: the economics of proximity approach on one side, the regulation theory on the other side. Their specificities and divergences are identified in the first part, considering the parallel trajectories of the two F...

Prepared within the framework of the ESEMK project supported by the EU (FP6, Priority 7, CIT-CT-2004-506077 The European Socio-Economic Models of a Knowledge-based society), this paper discusses the linking between the variety of capitalism and the diversity of organisational forms for firms. This linking is illustrated through the case of the car...

Without pre-existing organisational proximity nor geographical one, Free and Open Source software communities fulfil effective and voluntary cooperation in order to produce software which are reliable and broadly diffused. Throwing out the technological determinism thesis, this paper analyses the pregnance of institutionnal proximity inside communi...

This highly topical book brings together some of the world’s leading specialists on the global car industry who discuss the ins and outs of the faster lane of regionalism at a time that the world is reassessing the ins and outs of globalization. It provides a thorough and up-dated mapping of the worldwide geography of the car industry, in the triad...

The automobile sector is often presented as the archetypal global industry. In this view, the car business is one of the main drivers behind the homogenization of the world. This chapter is an attempt to deconstruct a representation that neglects the heterogeneity of firms and areas; the great diversity of the strategies being pursued; and the inhe...

In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, Fordism experienced a golden age during which it consolidated its domination of the European automobile economy by structuring the region’s producer countries into a mosaic of autonomous units. In the Fordist regime, supply and demand interactions were being played out on a national basis. However...

The late twentieth century was marked by a host of strategic challenges associated with a new phase in the internationalization of the world’s economies, a phenomenon commonly referred to as ‘globalization’. The automobile industry found itself at the very heart of these events, mainly because of the strategies being pursued by the firms in this se...

The paper presents the main conclusions of the CoCKEAS European project (Coordinating Competencies and Knowledge in the European Automobile System). It analyses the main changes in the organisation of the European automotive system, not only in the relationships between carmakers and their first tier suppliers, but also in the relations they have w...

The paper attempts to characterize the configurations of innovation dynamics within the French regions, using the methodological approach in terms of social systems of innovation and production developed by Amable, Barr� and Boyer. The statistical analysis of a broad whole of data makes it possible to highlight the various regional profiles in the...

The southwestern institute of regional economics (IERSO) : fifty years of regional science research in bordeaux The paper describes fifty years of research activities in regional science of the Southwestern Regional Economics Institute (IERSO, Bordeaux University), first regional economics institute founded in France by Joseph LAJUGIE in 1951. Sect...

Based on the research done by the European thematic network CoCKEAS (FP6), the paper analyses the recent changes in the European automobile geography. It discusses the impacts of the EU enlargement: integration of Central and Eastern European countries and new spatial competition for Southern European countries (Spain, Portugal). The study of the g...

The designing of organization to manage knowledge creation and coordination was discussed. The automobile industry had reached a stage of technological maturity where the search for productivity gains was decreased. The production of new knowledge mobilizes more financial and human resources ahead of the 'new economy' giants. The technological chan...

By the latter half of the 1990s, when, against a background of increasingly deregulated markets, people were beginning to talk more and more about the phenomenon of globalization, General Motors (GM) and Ford had already accumulated long experience in international markets. The two groups, respectively the largest and second-largest vehicle manufac...

The geography of the automotive industry has changed in recent years. This article focuses on the changes that are associated with 'modular production', whose diffusion has reinforced the need for proximity between auto-makers and parts-makers. The new geographical configurations that have cropped up, especially in the field of assembly operations,...

Introduction: If the challenge facing automobile producers in the 1980s was how to change their industrial model, that of the 1990s has been how to reorganize internationally. Of course, internationalization has been one of the industry's characteristics since its inception, and international trade has accounted for a higher proportion of sales tha...

The geography of the automotive industry has changed in recent years. This article focuses on the changes that are associated with 'modular production', whose diffusion has reinforced the need for proximity between auto-makers and parts-makers. The new geographical configurations that have cropped up, especially in the field of assembly operations,...

The paper deals with changes in the corporate governance systems of major European flagship companies in the car industry – Fiat, PSA, Renault and Volkswagen. While all four companies are protected from immediate capital-market pressures either by family or state ownership, they clearly opened up to shareholder-value principles in recent years. The...

The paper analyses Ford and GM\'s globalisation strategies. He discusses the convergence regarding the integration of European and North-American activities, as well as in the changing economical and geographical firms\' boundaries. This paper is part of the GERPISA research programme \"Internationalisation of the auto industry: between globalisati...

The present article is an attempt to analyse the geographical agglomeration of corporate research and development activities through the use of a desegregated sectorial approach. By focusing on those interfaces that are critical for the organisation of innovation-related activities, as well as on the degree of complexity of the knowledge base which...

The paper presents the GERPISA international network's new research programme (2000-2003) on the coordination of competences and knowledge in regional automotive systems. After defining a theoretical approach to the issue of coordination, the paper analyses the three main factors underlying the structural changes that are taking place in the auto i...

The article aims at describing an experience of technology foresight at the regional level. That experience was built upon previous national (and international) foresight studies. It is possible to analyse the institutional process of such a project in a global context, and also to draw some conclusions on the possibility and usefulness of articula...

The paper analyses the role of institutional investors in the car industry, using original data on their investments in the world\'s top 16 car companies. It reveals the limitations of \"globalised Finance\" in this sector and the permanence of national proximity. Institutional investors\' activities are then detailed: a typology is proposed to mea...

This paper Views the multinational firm as a learning hierarchy and presents a model capable of analysing the spatial organization of multinational firms. This model is based on two criteria: the principle of hierarchy; and the degree of hierarchical control. Four types of multinational companies are defined (world-wide, multidomestic, multiregiona...

A re-examination, based on the automobile industry, of the relationship between variety and scale of production by Bruno Jetin and Yannick Lung Based on specific statistical time-series of product variety and production volume of passenger cars for the main car makers during the period 1950-73 (Europe, USA, Japan), the paper discusses the relatio...

Trade magazines1 have been rife with predictions that new countries are making a grand entrance onto the automotive industry’s global stage, and this is also a recurring theme in the strategic plans made by automotive companies (car and component makers). Despite disappointment in the recent growth rates of the Central European, Latin American (Mex...

If the challenge facing automobile producers in the 1980s was how to change their industrial model, that of the 1990s has been how to reorganise internationally. Of course, internationalisation has been one of the industry’s characteristics since its inception, and international trade has accounted for a higher proportion of sales than it does toda...

The article focuses on the relationship between technological and organizational innovation, and territories. This relationship is connected to interactions between learning processes, institutions and spatial patterns of innovative activities. Starting from a conception of the economy as a learning and evolutionary process instead of a static allo...

Based on a forecasting study of the geography of the European automobile industry, this paper analyses first its spatial hierarchy corresponding to a regional vertical division of labour within different countries in a centre-periphery framework. Central functions (marketing, planning, R & D, luxury and upper range car assembly, etc.) located in th...

Cet article répond à l'invitation de Ohno Taiichi, l'un des fondateurs du système Toyota : « penser à l'envers ». Mais c'est le modèle productif japonais qu'il s'agit cette fois de penser à l'envers, ou tout au moins les représentations que la communauté scientifique ou celle des gestionnaires tendent à s'en faire. Un mouvement de balancier est san...