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453
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Introduction
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August 1996 - present
August 1991 - present
Publications
Publications (453)
Objective
Research evidence has shown that bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) are both related to inflammatory dysregulation, but few studies have compared the levels of cytokines between these two disorders.Methods
Study subjects were age- and gender-matched outpatients with BD or UD and normal controls (NC). Severities of depressi...
Risperidone has been reported to alleviate the severity of tardive dyskinesia, but without placebo control, the possibility of spontaneous tardive dyskinesia remission after discontinuing original conventional antipsychotics cannot be excluded. This 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effect of risperidone on...
The aim of this study was to test whether the initial antipsychotic response to clozapine is related to subsequent weight change.
This study was an 8-year retrospective chart review of 96 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Data on monthly weight change, initial clinical response, age, gender, clozapine dose, and concomitant use of mood stabi...
Background
Severe emotional dysregulation (SED) may represent an endophenotype of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major affective disorders. However, the specific effects of SED and related psychiatric disorders, including ADHD, bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD), on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and...
Background
Evidence suggests the crucial role of dysfunctional default mode (DMN), salience and frontoparietal (FPN) networks, collectively termed the triple network model, in the pathophysiology of treatment-resistant depression (TRD).
Aims
Using the graph theory- and seed-based functional connectivity analyses, we attempted to elucidate the role...
Background
Low-dose ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist that exerts an antidepressant effect on patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This antidepressant effect may extend beyond the glutamatergic hypothesis. Nevertheless, the roles of genes encoding other monoamine neurotransmitters (i.e., serotonin and dopamine)...
Previous studies have shown an association between depression and increased susceptibility to infection in the general population. However, there has been no prior research specifically examining the relationship between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and severe bacterial infections (SBI) in adolescents and young adults. This retrospective ob...
Aims
Increasing evidence has established a strong association between social anxiety disorder and suicidal behaviours, including suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. However, the association between social anxiety disorder and suicide mortality remains unclear.
Methods
This study analysed data from 15,776 patients with social anxiety disorder,...
Background
The medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), which is a component of the default-mode network, has been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). It has also been discovered that the cerebellum, especially the posterior lobule, exhibited strong connectivity with multiple fu...
Background
While psychosocial stress and episode duration do influence the treatment of depression, their effects on the antidepressant efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are not yet well evaluated.
Methods
Data from a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled prolonged intermittent theta-burst stimulation (piTBS) tria...
Background
Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), as an updated form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), was effective in treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD)1,2,3. 10-Hz rTMS at left prefrontal cortex (PFC) was reported to have antidepressant effects by modulating the activities in bilateral frontal-cingulo-tempo...
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder are common psychiatric mood disorders with distinct clinical trajectories and treatment approaches. Misdiagnosis occurs when bipolar disorder manifests as depression, leading to treatment resistance in MDD. Currently, no method can reliably differentiate between depressive episodes in...
Background
Several observational studies have identified a positive association between cancer survivors and subsequent dementia whereas others have negative or no association.
Aims & Objectives
This study aimed to determine the association in Taiwanese patients using a large, community-based national claim data.
Method
Using the Taiwan National...
Background
Panic disorder (PD) may increase the likelihood of suicidal ideation and behaviors because of psychiatric comorbidities such as major depressive disorder (MDD). However, research has yet to demonstrate a direct relationship between PD and suicide mortality.
Method
Using data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, we...
Low-grade inflammation (LGI) contributes to resistance against traditional antidepressants. However, whether the antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of ketamine on patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) differ between those with LGI and those without LGI remains unknown.
This study included 167 patients with TRD, among whom 46 had L...
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has great clinical importance because it has the highest disability burden of all depressive conditions. We investigated the prevalence of TRD and identified the risk and protective factors associated with antidepressant resistance among adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 176 132 adu...
Objectives
Previous studies have demonstrated poor oral hygiene in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the association between ADHD and periodontitis is still unclear.
Methods
In all, 16,211 adolescents with ADHD and 162,110 age- and sex-matched controls participated in the study between 2001 and 2011. To identi...
Aim
Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depression have been associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD); however, few studies have directly compared the risk of PD development between patients with BD and major depression while considering relevant risk factors and psychotropic medications.
Methods
Using the Taiwan Nation...
Thalamocortical connectivity is associated with cognitive and affective processing. The role of thalamocortical connectivity in the pathomechanism of treatment‐resistant depression (TRD) remains unclear. This study included 48 patients with TRD and 48 healthy individuals. We investigated thalamocortical connectivity by performing resting‐state func...
Aims
Research evidence has established an association of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts. However, further investigation is required to determine whether individuals with OCD have higher risk of death by suicide compared with those without OCD.
Methods
Of the entire Taiwanese population, between 2003...
Background
Inhibitory control function and proinflammatory cytokines play a role in the pathomechanisms underlying major affective disorders and suicidal behavior. However, the distinct or interactive effects of major affective disorders and suicidal symptom severity on inhibitory control function and proinflammatory cytokines remain unclear.
Meth...
Aim
Evidence suggests an association between maternal hypothyroidism and risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. We examined the risk of ASD and ADHD in individuals with congenital hypothyroidism (CHT).
Methods
A nationwide population‐based cohort study enrolled a total of 1260 childr...
Studies have reported inconsistent results regarding associations between parental depression and offspring neurodevelopmental disorders, such as developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In all, 7,593 children who were born between 1996 and 2010 in Taiwan and had at least one parent with major depressive disorder and 75,930 birth-yea...
Background: Low-dose ketamine infusion has been demonstrated to exert antisuicidal effects on patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and strong suicidal ideation. Although evidence suggests an association between hopelessness and suicidality, very few studies have investigated the antihopelessness effects of ketamine. Methods: This stud...
Previous studies have shown an association between the thalamocortical dysconnectivity and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Whether a single subanesthetic dose of ketamine may change thalamocortical connectivity among patients with TRD is unclear. Whether these changes in thalamocortical connectivity is associated with the antidepressant and a...
Background
Previous studies have shown an association between depression and susceptibility to infection in adults. However, few studies have investigated the association between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and severe infections in adolescents and young adults.
Methods
This study included adolescents (12–19 years of age) and young adults...
Schizophrenia is highly comorbid with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD); both conditions share numerous pathophysiological etiologies. We, thus, examined the risk of mental disorders in the parents of probands with schizophrenia, OCD, or both conditions. Between 2001 and 2011, we enrolled a nationwide cohort of 69,813 patients with schizophrenia,...
Background
The risks of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and teenage pregnancy in the offspring of parents with schizophrenia remain unknown.
Methods
From the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 5,850 individuals born between 1980 and 1999 having any parent with schizophrenia and 58,500 age-, sex-, income- and residence-match...
In this study, we examined the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with borderline personality disorder (BPD). A total of 4649 AYAs with BPD and 46,490 age-, sex-, and socioeconomic-matched controls without BPD were enrolled from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan from 2001...
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. However, few studies have investigated brain changes associated with chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that chronic inflammation might be related to brain structural alterations in patients with AD. Objectives: To investigate the association between disease severity (Ecz...
Importance
Antidepressant responses and the phenotype of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are believed to have a genetic basis. Genetic susceptibility between the TRD phenotype and other psychiatric disorders has also been established in previous genetic studies, but population-based cohort studies have not yet provided evidence to support thes...
Although several studies have examined a diagnostic conversion from major depressive disorder (MDD) to bipolar disorder (BD), only a few studies specifically focused on adolescents and young adults who are at the peak ages of BD onset. Data from participants (N = 130,793) aged 10–29 years who were diagnosed with MDD were extracted from the Taiwan N...
Objective
Increasing evidence suggests a crucial rȏle of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the pathological mechanisms of suicide. Whether CRP levels may be associated with suicidal ideation (SI) among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains unclear. In this study, we intended to explore the relation between TRD and SI.
Methods
Totall...
Whether proinflammatory cytokine dysregulation and cognitive dysfunction are associated with suicidal symptoms in adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains uncertain. We assessed the cognitive function and proinflammatory cytokine levels of 43 and 51 patients aged 15–29 years with MDD and severe and mild suicidal sym...
Aim
Large language models (LLMs) have been suggested to play a role in medical education and medical practice. However, the potential of their application in the psychiatric domain has not been well‐studied.
Method
In the first step, we compared the performance of ChatGPT GPT‐4, Bard, and Llama‐2 in the 2022 Taiwan Psychiatric Licensing Examinatio...
Background:
Limited evidence exists about suicide risk in persons with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Objective:
To assess suicide risk in persons with PCOS, accounting for psychiatric comorbid conditions and age group.
Design:
Cohort study.
Setting:
Data from the Taiwanese nationwide database from 1997 to 2012.
Patients:
A cohort of 18...
Objective:Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is not uncommon in older people. Brain stimulation, such as 4-6 weeks of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or theta burst stimulation (TBS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has been evidenced as an essential intervention for adult TRD and also documented in the curre...
Objectives
Despite mounting evidence demonstrates circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) quantitative changes in depression, no study has investigated cEPC functions in major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated the role of cEPC adhesive and apoptotic functions in MDD.
Methods
We recruited 68 patients with MDD and 56 healthy contro...
Background
ChatGPT may act as a research assistant to help organize the direction of thinking and summarize research findings. However, few studies have examined the quality, similarity (abstracts being similar to the original one), and accuracy of the abstracts generated by ChatGPT when researchers provide full-text basic research papers.
Objecti...
The role of melancholic features on the antisuicidal effect of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine infusion has remained unclear in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and strong suicidal ideation (SI). Whether ketamine diminishes suicidal ideation in patients with TRD-SI was also unknown. We enrolled 84 patients with TRD-SI, including 27 with melanc...
Evidence suggests increased mortality rates among autistic individuals. However, risks of mortality, including natural-cause, suicide, and accident mortalities, among autistic individuals remain unclear. Among the entire Taiwanese population (N = 29,253,529), between 2003 and 2017, 45,398 autistic individuals were identified and 1:4 matched to 181,...
Objective
Individuals with dementia are at a substantially elevated risk for mortality; however, few studies have examined multimorbidity patterns and determined the inter-relationship between these comorbidities in predicting mortality risk.
Methods
This is a prospective cohort study. Data from 6,556 patients who were diagnosed with dementia betw...
Background: Schizophrenia increases mortality from all causes and specific causes. Comprehensive research on modifiable risk factors for early mortality from multiple sources is needed. Methods: Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, which contains claims data from a lifetime insurance program for the whole population, provided exten...
Background: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. However, the association between PPI use and the risk of asthma remains unclear. Objective: To investigate the association between PPI use and subsequent asthma risk. Methods: We included participants from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database...
Background
Evaluate efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate 6-monthly (PP6M) for patients with schizophrenia in the Asian subgroup of a global, multicenter, noninferiority phase-3 study (NCT03345342).
Methods
Patients received paliperidone palmitate 1-monthly (PP1M, 100/150 mg eq.) or paliperidone palmitate 3-monthly (PP3M, 350/525 mg eq.) d...
Background:
10-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) and intermittent theta-burst stimulation(iTBS) over left prefrontal cortex are FDA-approved, effective options for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Optimal prediction models for iTBS and rTMS remain elusive. Therefore, our primary objective was to compare prediction accuracy...
Objective:
Previous studies have found an association between klotho, an anti-aging hormone, and major depressive disorder. However, whether low-dose ketamine infusion alters klotho levels among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains unknown.
Methods:
In total, 48 patients with TRD and strong suicidal ideation were randomly a...
Background:
The role of neurofilament light chain (NFL) in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is unclear. Whether baseline NFL concentrations are associated with the antidepressant effects of low-dose ketamine infusion has not been determined.
Methods:
The NFL concentrations of 71 patients with TRD and 17 healthy controls were assessed. Patien...
BACKGROUND
ChatGPT may act as a research assistant to help organize the direction of thinking and summarize research findings. However, few studies have examined the quality, similarity (abstracts being similar to the original one), and accuracy of the abstracts generated by ChatGPT when researchers provide full-text basic research papers.
OBJECTI...
Background
US studies suggest a positive association between attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the risk of exposure to prescription opioids. However, whether this association holds in Asian countries remains unclear.
Methods
In total, 91,518 children and adolescents with ADHD and 91,518 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled...
Background:
Evidence indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) influence the pathophysiology of depression. However, whether low-dose ketamine regulates VEGF and MMP-9 levels and whether changes in VEGF and MMP-9 levels are associated with the antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of ketamine...
Background:
Evidence suggests a familial coaggregation of major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression (MDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Those disorders are further related to suicide and accidental death. However, whether death by suicide may coag...
Background:
Whether pretreatment working memory and response inhibition function are associated with the rapid and sustained antisuicidal effect of low-dose ketamine among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and strong suicidal ideation is unclear.
Methods:
We enrolled 65 patients with TRD, comprising 33 who received a single infu...
This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the risk of subsequent autoimmune disease in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Asian population. Between 2002 and 2009, we enrolled 5273 patients with PTSD and 1:4 matched controls from the National Health Insurance Database of Taiwan, and followed up the patients until December 31,...
Objective
Few studies have investigated the association between age of onset of severe mental disorders (SMDs) in offspring and the likelihood of diagnoses of parental mental disorder.
Method
We enrolled 212,333 patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), or major depressive disorder (MDD) and 2,123,329 controls matched for age, sex, and d...
Background:
Prolonged intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) is effective for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, whether longer piTBS treatment in a single session could have antidepressant efficacy remains elusive. Therefore, this double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study aimed to investigate the antidepressant efficacy of 2 dai...
Studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between antidepressant resistance and the progression of bipolar disorder. However, the influence of antidepressant classes such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in this context has yet to be investigated. A total of 5,285 ad...
Appetite hormone dysregulation may play a role in the pathomechanisms of bipolar disorder and chronic irritability. However, its association with executive dysfunction in adolescents with bipolar disorder and those with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) remains unclear. We included 20 adolescents with bipolar disorder, 20 adolescents wi...
Whether current suicide risk or a history of attempted suicide is related to the antidepressant effect of a low-dose ketamine infusion remains unclear. In total, 47 patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), including 32 with low current suicide risk and 15 with moderate or high current suicide risk, were randomized to groups receiving a l...
Background:
Evidence has shown a rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of low-dose ketamine infusion among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and prominent suicidal ideation (SI). The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a crucial role in the TRD pathomechanisms.
Objective:
Whether the structural and functional ch...
Background:
People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have poor oral health status because they often experience challenges with daily oral hygiene and have inadequate access to oral health care services. This study explored periodontitis risk in adolescents with ASD compared with those who did not have a diagnosis of ASD.
Methods:
Data fro...
Background:
Bipolar disorder is a mood dysregulation characterized by recurrent symptoms and episodes of mania, hypomania, depression, and mixed mood. The complexity of treating patients with bipolar disorder prompted the Taiwanese Society of Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology (TSBPN) to publish the first Taiwan consensus on pharmac...
Background:
Pharmacotherapy of insomnia is prescribed often but may be complicated by drug dependence. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia is effective, but requires time to take effect. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is effective for depression but of uncertain benefit for insomnia. We studied low-frequency rTMS of the...
Background:
Evidence suggests that inflammatory bowel disease is related to an increased risk of depressive disorder and suicide.
Objectives:
However, whether inflammatory bowel disease is an independent risk factor for suicide remains unclear.
Design:
A matched cohort study design.
Settings:
Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Databas...
Background:
The benefits of low-dose ketamine for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and prominent suicidal ideation require further investigation. The effects of treatment refractoriness, the duration of the current depressive episode, and the number of prior antidepressant failures on ketamine efficacy also require clarification....
Background:
Whether cortical excitation and inhibition functions differ between patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and strong suicidal ideation (SI) and healthy subjects and whether 0.5 mg/kg ketamine infusion can modulate cortical excitation and inhibition functions among patients with TRD-SI remain unclear.
Methods:
A total of...
Objectives:
Mounting evidence indicates the associations of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with depression and anxiety symptoms. However, the temporal and casual relationships between TMD and depression and between TMD and anxiety must be further clarified.
Methods:
This study is a retrospective cohort analysis that employed data from the Tai...
Previous studies have presented evidence on the association between sleep apnea and suicidal ideation and planning, but the relationship between a clinical diagnosis of sleep apnea and suicide attempts remains unknown. We investigated the risk of suicide after a diagnosis with sleep apnea using data from a nationwide community-based population data...
Background:
The mental health of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a concern of recent years. However, a large-scale longitudinal study investigating the risk and the time course of subsequent psychiatric comorbidities is still lacking.
Methods:
Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 13,382 ch...
Background:
Evidence has suggested that emotional dysregulation is a transdiagnostic feature in schizophrenia and major affective disorders. However, the relationship between emotional dysregulation and appetite hormone disturbance remains unknown in nonobese adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive diso...
Background and objective:
Ketamine may work as an anti-inflammatory agent, and it increases the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with treatment-resistant depression. However, whether genes related to pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and VEGF may predict the treatment response to ketamine remains unkno...
Background:
To investigate the association between exposure to antidepressants (ADs) and the risk of epilepsy among patients exposed to ADs.
Method:
We conducted a case-control study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 1998 and 2013. A total of 863 patients with epilepsy and 3,452 controls were included. The dose o...
Background:
Higher levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) and proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) were observed in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), a bone turnover biomarker, is related to MDD. The association among the brain-bon...
Background:
Whether response to antidepressants is related to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents with depression remains unknown.
Methods:
This study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to enroll 1739 adolescents with antidepressant-resistant depression, 6956 with antidepressant-responsi...
PURPOSE
Evidence suggests an increased long-term risk of major psychiatric disorders (MPDs) in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACSs). However, definitive conclusions regarding such associations and whether such associations vary for different types of cancers remain unclear.
METHODS
Using a nationwide data set from 2001 to 2011, we enr...
Aims:
This study aimed to examine the risk of T1D, major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficiency hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with T1D.
Methods:
We enrolled 24,555 FDRs of individuals with T1D and 1:4 matched controls (N = 98,220) based on age and sex usin...
Background
The genetic load for major depressive disorder (MDD) may be higher in people who develop MDD earlier in life. This study aimed to investigate whether the parents of adolescents with MDD were more likely to have MDD, bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenic disorder (SZ), alcohol use disorder, or substance use disorder than the parents of ado...
Dysfunction in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). Patients with bipolar disorder (BPD) are at increased risk of developing CVDs. This study examined the associations of the functional properties of cEPCs with BPD and its clinical and cognitive characteristics. We recruited 69 pa...
The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) plays a pivotal role in depression and anxiosomatic symptom modulation. However, DMPFC stimulation using a double-cone coil has demonstrated inconsistent results for antidepressant efficacy. No study thus far has investigated the antidepressant and anti-anxiosomatic effects of prolonged intermittent theta-b...
It remains unclear how major psychiatric comorbidities and parental psychiatric disorders differ in males and females with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Between 2001 and 2011, 17,627 children and 5071 adolescents with ASD (ICD-9-CM code: 299) were identified from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database and assessed for major psychiat...
Background
A significant proportion of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) failed to respond to antidepressant medications. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective option for treating such treatment-resistant patients with MDD (TRD). Reliable clinical predictors for antidepressant responses to rTMS remain elusi...
Predictive neurobiological markers for prognosis are essential but underemphasized for patients with bipolar disorder (BD), a neuroprogressive disorder. Hence, we developed models for predicting symptom and functioning changes. Sixty-one patients with BD were recruited and assessed using the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Montgomery–Åsberg Depres...
Introduction:
Evidence has suggested an association between bacterial infection and increased risk of subsequent major mental disorders (MMDs). Whether such association varies with different pathogens remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the risk of subsequent MMDs after exposure to bacterial pathogens in children and adolescents.
Methods:
B...
