Xin-Sheng Yao

• Ph.D.
• Managing Director at Jinan University

Purpose of Review Traditional Chinese Medicine has a unique system to diagnose and treat bone diseases with symptoms similar to those of osteoporosis. Sambucus williamsii Hance (SWH), a folk medicine in northern part of China for fractures healing and pain alleviation, has been demonstrated to exert bone anabolic effects in ovariectomized (OVX) rat...

The diterpene synthase AfAS was identified from Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis. Its amino acid sequence and—according to a structural model—active site architecture are highly similar to those of the fusicocca‐2,10(14)‐diene synthase PaFS, but AfAS produces a structurally much more complex diterpene with a novel 6–5–5–5 tetracyclic skeleton called asp...

Four previously unreported phenylpropanoid glycosides (1-4), together with four known analogues (5-8), were isolated from the leaves of Illicium dunnianum. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS, NMR, IR, UV) and chemical methods. In addition, the neuroprotective activities of all the isolat...

The diterpene synthase AfAS was identified from Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis. Its amino acid sequence and – according to a structural model – active site architecture are highly similar to those of the fusicocca‐2,10(14)‐diene synthase PaFS, but AfAS produces a structurally much more complex diterpene with a novel 6‐5‐5‐5 tetracyclic skeleton called...

Sarcandra glabra, as a type of "antipyretic-detoxicate drugs", has always been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Sarcandra glabra extract (SGE) is applied frequently as anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious drug in folk medicine. However, relative experiment data supporting this effective clinical consequence was limited. In or...

Angelica sinensis, commonly known as Dong Quai in Europe and America and as Dang-gui in China, is a medicinal plant widely utilized for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. In this study, we report the discovery of a new category of phthalide from Angelica sinensis, namely falcarinphthalides A and B (1 and 2), which contains two fragments,...

The fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla have been used for centuries in China as both edible resources and traditional Chinese medicine. In order to identify structurally interesting and bioactive constituents from the fruits of A. oxyphylla, bioassay-guided fractionation and purification of the crude extracts were performed, which led to the isolation of...

Chinese cordyceps, also known as Dong-Chong-Xia-Cao, is widely recognized as a famous precious tonic herb, and used as traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. It is mainly used for regulating the immune system and improving functions of the lung and kidney, with anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activities. Due to its rarity and...

An efficient strategy for the identification of potential nephroprotective substances in Zhu-Ling decoction has been established with the integration of absorbed components characterization, pharmacokinetics, and activity evaluation. A qualitative method was developed to characterize the chemical constituents absorbed components in vivo of Zhu-Ling...

One undescribed benzofuran derivative (illiciumphenolicacid A, 1) and one new phenolic glycoside (illiciumphenolicacid B, 2), together with six known compounds (3-8) were isolated from the leaves of Illicium dunnianum Tutcher. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR). In addition, we determi...

In fungi, there is a rare group of natural products harboring the 2,3,3a,9a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-b]chromene skeleton, represented by xyloketal B, which display a wide range of biological activities and have drawn significant attention. In this work, four new analogues simpliketals A-D (1-4), as well as two other new compounds simplilactones A and...

Mori Fructus (MF) is a famous edible fruit of Morus alba L. as well as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Moreover, exposure behavior of complex components in vivo is a necessary way to elucidate active substances in TCMs. However, the effective discovery of active ingredients from MF in vivo is still a challenge for researchers. In this study, an...

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is the most frequent malignancy, and is the second leading cause of death due to cancer in men. Thus, new prognostic biomarkers and drug targets for PRAD are urgently needed. As we know, nuclear receptor Nur77 is important in cancer development and changes in the tumor microenvironment; whereas, the function of Nur77...

Fernane-type triterpenoids are a small group of natural products mainly found in plants and fungi with a wide range of biological activities. Polytolypin is a representative fernane-type triterpenoid from fungi and possesses potent antifungal activity. So far, biosynthesis of fungal-derived fernane-type triterpenoids has not been characterized, whi...

Codonopsis radix was commonly used as food materials or herbal medicines in many countries. However, the comprehensive analysis of chemical constituents, in vivo xenobiotics of Codonopsis radix remain unclear. In the present study, an integrated strategy with feature‐based molecular networking using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coup...

Twenty new malabaricane triterpenoids, astramalabaricosides A-T (1-20), were isolated from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (Astragali Radix). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis, and the use of the circular dichroism exciton chirality method, quantum chemical calculations, and chemical methods. Malabaric...

Background The field of network pharmacology showed significant development. The concept of network pharmacology has many similarities to the philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), making it suitable to understand the action mechanisms of TCM in treating complex diseases, such as ischemic heart diseases (IHDs). Purpose This review summa...

In the present study, a specific and sensitive approach using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of fourteen constituents in rat plasma, liver and heart. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to pharmacokinet...

One new phenolic glycoside (1) and one new benzofuran derivative (2) were isolated from the leaves of Illicium dunnianum. The structures of these compounds were established by using comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, including the 1D and 2D NMR, IR, HR-ESI-MS, electronic circular dichroism and comparison with literature data. All isolates w...

The cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s or CYPs) are heme-containing enzymes which catalyze a wide range of oxidation reactions in nature. In our previous study, a rare multifunctional P450 AstB was found, which can dually oxidize two methyl groups (C-19 and C-21) of preasperterpenoid A to asperterpenoid A with 3-carboxyl and 11-hydroxymethyl groups. Ho...

Background Cancer is second only to heart disease as a cause of death. Develop new and more effective treatment strategies for cancer remain a major challenge for human medicine today. Nur77, an orphan member for the nuclear receptor superfamily, inhibits growth in cancer cells by translocation to cytoplasmic. Small molecules that trigger Nur77 nuc...

Phytochemical investigations on the dry leaves of Illicium dunnianum have led to the isolation of 24 lignans. Illiciumlignans G-K (1-5) were five undescribed benzofuran lignans, illiciumlignan L (6) was one undescribed ditetrahydrofuran lignan, illiciumlignans M-O (7-9) were three new sesquilignans, and compounds 10, 12, 13, 15, and 18-21 were firs...

Eight previously undescribed diarylheptanoids (1-8), together with fifteen known analogues (9-23), were isolated from the rhizomes ofZingiber officinale. Their structures were unambiguously determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. It is worth mentioning that1-3are the first reported st...

Biotransformation of α-asarone by Alternaria longipes CGMCC 3.2875 yielded two pairs of new neolignans, (+) (7S, 8S, 7'S, 8'R) iso-magnosalicin (1a)/(-) (7R, 8R, 7'R, 8'S) iso-magnosalicin (1b) and (+) (7R, 8R, 7'S, 8'R) magnosalicin (2a)/(-) (7S, 8S, 7'R, 8'S) magnosalicin (2b), and four known metabolites, (±) acoraminol A (3), (±) acoraminol B (4...

Eight new (1−7 and 15) and 18 known (8−14 and 16−26) phenylpropanoid derivatives were isolated from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. (black wolfberry). Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, chemical methods, and comparisons of spectroscopic data. Four known compounds (16, 17, 24, and 26) were firstly isolate...

Ethnopharmacological relevance The overall therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine formulae (TCMF) was achieved by the interactions of multiple components with multiple targets. However, current pharmacology research strategies have struggled to identify effective substance groups and encountered challenges in elucidating the underlying...

Four previously unreported sesquiterpenoid diasteromers, arteannoides U–X (1–4), together with one new norsesquiterpenoid 5 (arteannoide Y) and one undescribed rearranged cadinene sesquiterpenoid 6 (arteannoide Z) were obtained from the dried aerial parts of Artemisia annua (Qinghao). Notably, arteannoides U–X (1–4) are four stereoisomers that poss...

This study aims to investigate metabolic activities of psoralidin in human liver microsomes( HLM) and intestinal microsomes( HIM),and to identify cytochrome P450 enzymes( CYPs) and UDP-glucuronosyl transferases( UGTs) involved in psoralidin metabolism as well as species differences in the in vitro metabolism of psoralen. First,after incubation seri...

Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim, which is also regarded as the main origin of “shengma” in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, has been used as cooling and detoxification agents for thousands of years. Our previous phytochemical investigations of C. dahurica extracts (CDEs) led to the isolation of a series of 9, 19‐cycloalkane triterpenoids and phenolic acid...

Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao capsule (XLGB) has been proven to prevent and treat osteoporosis. However, as a long-term oral formula, XLGB's effects on the metabolic capacity, structure and function of gut microbiota have yet to be elucidated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Our objectives were to evaluate the capacity of gut microbiota for metabolizing XLGB ingre...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with poor prognosis and resistance to chemoradiotherapy, is the most common histological type of lung cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new and more effective treatment strategy for NSCLC. Nur77, an orphan member of the nuclear receptor s...

Background Quality control exerted great importance on the clinical application of drugs for ensuring effectiveness and safety. Due to chemical complexity, diversity among different producing areas and harvest seasons, as well as unintentionally mixed with non-medicinal parts, the current quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) stil...

One undescribed lignan, one new natural product, along with fourteen known compounds, were isolated from the roots of Ficus hirta. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic technologies, including UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by comparison of experimental and calculated...

4-Methyl-androstanes are a class of rare steroid. A chemical investigation on Nodulisporium sp. led to the isolation of an unprecedented 4-methyl-androstane (nodulisporandrostane A, 1) with an ether linkage between C-4 and C-9 forming an oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system, along with five biosynthetic related new androstanes (nodulisporandrostanes...

A pair of undescribed enantiomers, (±) ficusflavonid A (1a/1b), along with five known analogues, were isolated from the roots of Ficus hirta. Their structures were determined by the analysis of extensive spectroscopic data (including UV, IR, HRESIMS and NMR). Two enantiomers (1a and 1b) were successfully separated by chiral chromatographic column a...

Jin‐hong tablets (JHT), a well‐known Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine (TCPM), has been effectively used for the treatment of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) in clinic. The metabolic profile of TCPMs is the key part of discovering their bioactive components. In this study, a five‐step strategy based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography...

Sex steroid hormones could directly affect the bone metabolism by regulating cell physiological functions. In female, it inevitably causes the abnormal levels of sex steroid hormones at post-menopause in vivo. Ovariectomized rats and mice are classic animal models of osteoporosis to better understand the action mechanism of anti-osteoporosis drugs....

Demethylation is a chemical process widely distributed in nature to remove a methyl group from an organic molecule, which is a key aspect of diverse biological processes including biosynthesis of natural products, degradation of plant biomass and epigenetic regulation. This process is facilitated by diverse demethylases via distinct mechanisms. Rec...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Shuang-Huang-Lian preparation has captured wide attention since its clinical applications for the successful treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. However, its functional basis under actual therapeutic dose in vivo was still unrevealed. Aim of the study This study aimed to reveal the anti-flu substances and...

4-Hydroxy pyridones are a class of fungi-derived polyketide−nonribosomal peptide products featuring a core of 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone which have a wide range of biological activities. Genome mining of in-house strains using polyketide synthase−nonribosomal peptide synthase as a query identified an endophyte Tolypocladium sp. 49Y, which possesses a pot...

Two new dibenzyl derivatives, dendrocandins V-W (1-2), together with six known compounds (3-8), have been isolated from the dried stems of Dendrobium catenatum. Their structures were mainly elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS, one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. The isolated compounds 5-8 were evaluated in vitro for their antioxidant and hypogl...

Although stress has been known to increase the susceptibility of pathogen infection, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we reported that restraint stress dramatically enhanced the morbidity and mortality of mice infected with the influenza virus (H1N1) and obviously aggravated lung inflammation. Corticosterone (CORT), a main t...

A new phenylpropanoid allopyranoside (1) and a new indolinone alkaloid (2) were isolated from the rhizomes of Actaea dahurica (syn. Cimicifuga dahurica). The structures of those two compounds were deduced as cimicifugaside F (1) and 3E,11E-(3-methyl-2-butenylidene acid)-2-indolinone-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2) by detailed analysis of their MS, 1D a...

Crocins, a series of hydrophilic carotenoids that are either mono- or di-glycosyl polyene esters of crocetin extracted from dried saffron stigma or fruits of gardenia, are attracting much attention for its wide range of pharmacological effects. In our previous study, GJ-4, a mixture of crocin analogues, was obtained and defined from gardenia fruits...

Five new compounds including three new cannabinoids, cannabisativas A–C (1–3), two new phenolic acids, (7Z,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid A (4) and (8S,9Z)-cannabiphenolic acid B (5), together with twelve known compounds (6–17), were isolated from the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa. The structures of 1–5 were established on the basis of...

Objectives This study was designed to profile the chemical information of Forsythiae Fructus (FF) and investigate the in‐vivo FF‐related xenobiotics, especially for lignans. Methods Rats were oral administrated of FF and pinoresinol‐4‐O‐glucoside, respectively. Blood and urine samples were collected after ingestion, and xenobiotics was profiled by...

Thirteen new sesquiterpenoids, arteannoides F–R (1–13), along with 13 known analogues (14–26), were isolated from the dried aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were unambiguously determined by a combination of physical data analyses (HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and ECD) as well as the crystal structur...

8-prenylgenistein (8PG) was previously reported to exert stronger osteogenic activity than genistein, a well-known soy phytoestrogen. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the actions of 8PG on osteoblasts was far from clear. In the present study, the osteogenic effects and mechanisms of 8PG and genistein were studied using human BMSC and mur...

Two new iridoid glycosides, 2′-O-cis-coumaroylgardoside (1), and 6′-O-caffeoylioxide (2), were isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS, NMR) and chemical methods. The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolates were evaluated by measuring their in...

Three new flavonoid glycosides, embeliaflavosides A-C (1–3), together with eight known flavonoid glycosides (4–11), were isolated from the fruits of Embelia ribes. Their structures were established based on the analyses of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–11 were evaluated for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The results revealed...

Four pairs of stereoisomeric indole alkaloids, (±)-baphicacanthcusines A-D (1-4), and one new indole alkaloid, baphicacanthcusine E (5), together with nine known compounds were identified from the leaves of Baphicacanthus cusia. (±)-1 and 2 possess an unprecedented skeleton in which two indole moieties are bridged by a phenylpropane unit. (±)-3 rep...

Qi-Lin pill (QLP), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP), composed of fifteen herbal medicines, has been widely used for the treatment of infertility. However, an in-depth understanding of the chemical constituents of QLP and its in vivo metabolic study is lacking. In this study, a method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography c...

Nine new N-methoxy-β-carboline alkaloids (NMCAs) (1a/1b−3a/3b and 4−6) and two known NMCAs (7 and 8) were isolated from the stems of Picrasma quassioides. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses, quantum chemical calculations, and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic data. An analysis of the ¹³C NMR chemical shifts of the N...

The alkyne is a biologically significant moiety found in many natural products and a versatile functional group widely used in modern chemistry. Recent studies have revealed the biosynthesis of acetylenic bonds in fatty acids and amino acids. However, the molecular basis for the alkynyl moiety in acetylenic prenyl chains occurring in a number of me...

Alkynylation patterns: The biosynthetic pathway of the acetylenic meroterpenoid biscognienyne B is elucidated. The synthesis requires an unprecedented cytochrome P450 enzyme, BisI, for alkynylation of the prenyl chain. This finding expands the enzyme inventory for de novo biosynthesis of alkynes. Abstract The alkyne is a biologically significant m...

Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao (XLGB), a famous traditional Chinese medicine prescription consisted of six herbal medicines, was used for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in China. As an oral formulation, the multiple components contained in XLGB were inevitably biotransformed by the intestinal microflora before absorption via the gastrointestinal tract....

Ethnopharmacological relevance Tianma Gouteng granules (TG), a clinical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has been clinically applied to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) in combination with Madopar, as included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015). TG has the potential to decrease the susceptibility of PD pharmacologically, however the mec...

A new nitrogen-containing iridoid glycoside, named (7 R,3′R)-lonijapospiroside A (1), together with thirteen known iridoid glycosides, were isolated from the flower buds of Lonicera macranthoides. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Among them, compounds 1-4 are four diastereoisomers, and their...

Sporormielones A–E (1–5), unpresented C-C coupled orsellinic acid derivative dimers containing tricyclic cores with a dimethylcyclopentenone unit, were obtained, and 1–3 and 5 showed obvious short-term memory improvement activity in...

Fusicoccane (FC)-type diterpenes, featuring a common 5-8-5 tricyclic skeleton, possess diverse biological functions. Up to date, only FC-type diterpene synthases (DTSs) for three out of the sixteen possible stereochemically distinct sub-types of the FC skeleton have been discovered. Herein, a (2Si,6Si,10Re,14Si)-FC-type DTS from Myrothecium gramine...

Objective To study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory constituents from the active fraction of Reduning (RDN) Injection. Methods In this study, the active fraction of RDN injection was screened by the LPS-induced mouse endotoxin shock model. The chemical constituents were isolated by chromatography on HP-20 macroporous adsorptive resins, silica...

Crocetin (CRT) has shown various neuroprotective effects such as antioxidant activities and the inhibition of amyloid β fibril formation, and thus is a potential therapeutic candidate for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, poor water solubility and bioavailability are the major obstacles in formulation development and pharmaceutical applications of...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Periplocae Cortex, locally named as Xiang‐Jia‐Pi in China, has been widely used in clinical for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, especially for rheumatoid arthritis. However, the in vivo substances of Periplocae Cortex remain unknown yet. In this study, an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spec...

Ten cycloart-7-ene triterpenoid glycosides, including three new compounds (1–3), were isolated from the roots of Cimicifuga dahurica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, chemical methods and comparison with literatures. In addition, the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the produc...

Triterpenoids are the most numerous and structurally diverse natural products, which are widely distributed in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. They possess a wide range of biological functions involved in cell membrane construction, signal transduction, protection against pathogens, and so on. Despite the large chemical diversity of triterpen...

Fusidane-type antibiotics are a group of triterpenoid antibiotics. They include helvolic acid, fusidic acid and cephalosporin P1, among which fusidic acid has been used clinically. We have recently elucidated the biosynthesis of helvolic acid and fusidic acid, which share an early biosynthetic route involving six conserved enzymes. We report here t...

Fuziline, an aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloid derived from Aconiti lateralis radix preparata, has been reported to have a cardioprotective activity in vitro. However, the potential mechanism of fuziline on myocardial protection remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the efficacy and mechanism of fuziline on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced...

Background: Dipsaci Radix has been clinically used for thousands of years in China for strengthening muscles and bones. Sweroside is the major active iridoid glycoside isolated from Dipsaci Radix. It has been reported that sweroside can promote alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in both the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 and rat osteoblasts....

A pair of new tirucallane triterpenoid epimers, picraquassins M and N (1> and 2), were isolated from the stems of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. Their structures were determined based on comprehensive spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses. In addition, their AChE inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity against five human tumour cell line...

Phytochemical investigation on the rhizomes of Matteuccia intermedia C.Chr. led to the isolation of three new compounds, named matteuinterins A–C (1–3), together with seven known compounds (4–10). Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR analyses and chemical derivatization. Compounds 5–10 were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activit...

Two new alcohol glycosides, 1-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-deoxypaeonisuffrone (1) and 9-O-β-d-apiofuranoyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-xanthoarnol (2), together with eight known compounds (3–10), have been isolated from the dried roots of Paeonia intermedia C. A. Meyer. Their structures were mainly elucidated on the basis of ESIMS, one- and two-dimensional N...

Picrasamide A (1), a new cinnamamide derivative, together with two new β-carboline alkaloids (2 and 3) and five known β-carboline alkaloids (4-8) were isolated from the stems of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analyses of UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR data. Compound 1 was the first case of cinnamamide der...

Systematic investigation of cyproconazole, including absolute stereochemistry, fungicidal activity, quantification in two matrices, and stereoselective degradation in cucumber, are conducted in this study. By virtue of the vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy, absolute configurations of four stereoisomers were identified to be (2R, 3R)...

The side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the cardiovascular system mainly result from its inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Since NSAIDs are one of the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs in the clinic, it is necessary to identify new anti-inflammatory drugs that are safer than NSAIDs. Nardosinanone N...

Three new phenolic glycosides, intermedia A–C (1–3), one new acyclic alcohol glycoside, intermedia D (4), together with 3 known glycosides (5–7), were isolated from the dried roots of Paeonia intermedia C. A. Meyer. Their structures were established by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis (HRESIMS, NMR). Compound 1 have a rare benzo[1,5]dioxep...

Fifteen phenylpropanoid glycosides, including six undescribed compounds were isolated from the fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae) (goji or wolfberry). Their structures were identified by detailed spectroscopic analyses. Seven known compounds were firstly isolated from the genus Lycium, in which the 1D and 2D NMR data of one compound were repo...

Six new monoterpene glycosides, named 6'-O-nicotinoylalbiflorin (1), 4'-O-vanillylalbiflorin (2), paeonidanin L (3), paeoniflorigenin-1-O-β-d-xyloside (4), 6'-(2-hydroxypropanoyl)-paeoniflorin (5), oxylactiflorin (6), together with 16known ones (7-22) were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of Paeoniae Radix. Their structures were elucidated bas...

Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao capsule (XLGB) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP) that is used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in China. A rapid, simple, efficient and stable method based on UPLC-MS/MS technology was developed for simultaneous determination of multiple components of XLGB in rat plasma. Mass spectrome...

Lonimacranaldes A and B (1 and 2), along with one biogenetically related intermediate, lonimacranalde C (3), were isolated from the flower buds of Lonicera macranthoides. Characterized by an iridoid structure and an additional C-6 unit with an aldehyde group, compounds 1 and 2 are the first examples of hybrid iridoids possessing an unexpected 6/5/6...

Cladosporine A (1), a new indole diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the extract of a fungal strain Cladosporium sp. JNU17DTH12-9-01. Its structure was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments. This is the first report of the presence of in...

Lignans found in the botanical extract of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Sambucus williamsii Hance exhibit protective effects on trabecular bone mass and mechanical strength of cortical bone of ovariectomized rats. A novel approach was adapted using HSQC NMR methods to estimate the total amount of these bioactives in a complex mixture. It was det...

Nardochinoid B (NAB) is a new compound isolated from Nardostachys chinensis. Although our previous study reported that the NAB suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells, the specific mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of NAB remains unknown. Thus, we examined the effects of NAB against L...

Two new chromones, spororrminone A (1, (S)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-2-((S)-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)chroman-7-carboxylic acid) and 2-epi-spororrminone A (2, (R)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-2-((S)-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)chroman-7-carboxylic acid), were isolated from an EtOAc extract of an endolichenic fungal strain Sporormiella irregularis (No. 71-...

Triangeliphthalides A–D (1–4), four novel phthalide trimers with two new linkage styles were isolated from Angelica sinensis, together with two related phthalide dimers (5–6). Their structures including absolute configurations were...

Five new phenylpropanoid allopyranosides (1–5), along with five known compounds (6–10) were isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga dahurica. Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods, as well as comparison with literatures. The anti-inflammatory activities of all isolates were evaluated. Compounds 6...

Five new phthalide derivatives, biscogniphthalides A-D (1, 2, 3a/3b, and 4), were isolated from Biscogniauxia sp. (No. 69-8-7-1), along with one related known phthalide (5). Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, chemical derivatization, and quantum chemical ECD calculations. In addition, the anti-acetyl cholinest...

One new flavanonol, demethylmatteucinol (1), and nine new flavanone glucoside derivatives, matteflavosides H-J (2–4) and matteuinterates A-F (5–10), were isolated from the rhizomes of Matteuccia intermedia C.Chr., along with 21 known flavanones (11−31). Notably, all of them contain C-methylation in the A-ring. The structures of the compounds were e...

Phytochemical study on rhizomes of Cimicifuga dahurica resulted in the isolation of nine new neolignan and phenylpropanoid glycosides, cimicifugasides A-E (1, 2, 7–9), cimicifugamides B-D (3–5), shomaside G (6) along with four known compounds (10−13). Their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D-, 2D-NMR, MS, CD, IR, UV)...